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Yaroslavl | A Wisdom Archive on Yaroslavl | | Yaroslavl A selection of articles related to Yaroslavl | |
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yaroslavl, Yaroslavl, Yaroslavl - Regions, Yaroslavl - Sister cities
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Yaroslavl | | | |  Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - List of rivers of Europe - Irish SeaThe rivers in this section are sorted clockwise, starting from the (Mull of Kintyre).
In Scotland:
Clyde (near Glasgow)
Clyde at Glasgow
Dee (Galloway) (in Kirkcudbright)
In England:
Eden (near Carlisle)
Ribble (in Lytham St Annes)
Mersey (near Liverpool)
In Wales:
< ...
See also:List of rivers of Europe, List of rivers of Europe - Barents Sea and White Sea Arctic Ocean, List of rivers of Europe - Atlantic Ocean, List of rivers of Europe - On Iceland, List of rivers of Europe - Norwegian coast, List of rivers of Europe - Scottish Irish Welsh and English coast, List of rivers of Europe - French Spanish and Portuguese coast, List of rivers of Europe - Baltic Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Black Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Caspian Sea, List of rivers of Europe - English Channel, List of rivers of Europe - North coast, List of rivers of Europe - South coast, List of rivers of Europe - Irish Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Mediterranean Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Western Mediterranean, List of rivers of Europe - Adriatic Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Ionian Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Aegean Sea, List of rivers of Europe - North Sea, List of rivers of Europe - European countries, List of rivers of Europe - Other contintents Read more here: » List of rivers of Europe: Encyclopedia II - List of rivers of Europe - Irish Sea |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - List of rivers of Europe - Black Sea The rivers in this section are sorted west (Istanbul) to east (Sochi).
In Romania:
Danube (in Sulina)- Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine,
Danube at Ulm
Prut (near Reni)
Bahlui (near IaÅŸi)
Siret (in Galaţi)
Buzău (near Galaţi)
Bârlad (in Lieşti)
BistriÅ ...
See also:List of rivers of Europe, List of rivers of Europe - Barents Sea and White Sea Arctic Ocean, List of rivers of Europe - Atlantic Ocean, List of rivers of Europe - On Iceland, List of rivers of Europe - Norwegian coast, List of rivers of Europe - Scottish Irish Welsh and English coast, List of rivers of Europe - French Spanish and Portuguese coast, List of rivers of Europe - Baltic Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Black Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Caspian Sea, List of rivers of Europe - English Channel, List of rivers of Europe - North coast, List of rivers of Europe - South coast, List of rivers of Europe - Irish Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Mediterranean Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Western Mediterranean, List of rivers of Europe - Adriatic Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Ionian Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Aegean Sea, List of rivers of Europe - North Sea, List of rivers of Europe - European countries, List of rivers of Europe - Other contintents Read more here: » List of rivers of Europe: Encyclopedia II - List of rivers of Europe - Black Sea |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - List of rivers of Europe - Baltic Sea The rivers in this section are sorted clockwise, starting from Helsingborg (south Sweden).
In Sweden:
Motala ström (in Norrköping)
Dal River (near Gävle)
Västerdalälven (in Djurås)
Österdalälven (in Djurås)
Ume River (in Umeå)
Lule River (in Luleå)
Torne River/Torne älv/Tornionjoki (in Tornio) - Sweden, Finland
Tengeliönjoki (in Aavasaksa) - Finland
Muonionjoki (near Pajala) - Finland, Sweden
Könkä ...
See also:List of rivers of Europe, List of rivers of Europe - Barents Sea and White Sea Arctic Ocean, List of rivers of Europe - Atlantic Ocean, List of rivers of Europe - On Iceland, List of rivers of Europe - Norwegian coast, List of rivers of Europe - Scottish Irish Welsh and English coast, List of rivers of Europe - French Spanish and Portuguese coast, List of rivers of Europe - Baltic Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Black Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Caspian Sea, List of rivers of Europe - English Channel, List of rivers of Europe - North coast, List of rivers of Europe - South coast, List of rivers of Europe - Irish Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Mediterranean Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Western Mediterranean, List of rivers of Europe - Adriatic Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Ionian Sea, List of rivers of Europe - Aegean Sea, List of rivers of Europe - North Sea, List of rivers of Europe - European countries, List of rivers of Europe - Other contintents Read more here: » List of rivers of Europe: Encyclopedia II - List of rivers of Europe - Baltic Sea |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - List of light-rail transit systems - Oceania
List of light-rail transit systems - Australia.
Melbourne - Trams in Melbourne
Sydney - Metro Light Rail
Adelaide - Glenelg Tramway
Adelaide - O-Bahn (guided busway)
Victor Harbor - Victor Harbor Horse Drawn Tram
List of light-rail transit systems - New Zealand.
Christchurch (tourist tram service)
...
See also:List of light-rail transit systems, List of light-rail transit systems - Asia, List of light-rail transit systems - People's Republic of China, List of light-rail transit systems - India, List of light-rail transit systems - Japan, List of light-rail transit systems - Malaysia, List of light-rail transit systems - Philippines, List of light-rail transit systems - Singapore, List of light-rail transit systems - Turkey, List of light-rail transit systems - Africa, List of light-rail transit systems - Egypt, List of light-rail transit systems - Tunisia, List of light-rail transit systems - Europe, List of light-rail transit systems - Austria, List of light-rail transit systems - Belarus, List of light-rail transit systems - Belgium, List of light-rail transit systems - Bosnia-Herzegovina, List of light-rail transit systems - Bulgaria, List of light-rail transit systems - Croatia, List of light-rail transit systems - Czech Republic, List of light-rail transit systems - Estonia, List of light-rail transit systems - Finland, List of light-rail transit systems - France, List of light-rail transit systems - Germany, List of light-rail transit systems - Hungary, List of light-rail transit systems - Ireland, List of light-rail transit systems - Italy, List of light-rail transit systems - Latvia, List of light-rail transit systems - Netherlands, List of light-rail transit systems - Norway, List of light-rail transit systems - Poland, List of light-rail transit systems - Portugal, List of light-rail transit systems - Romania, List of light-rail transit systems - Russia, List of light-rail transit systems - Serbia, List of light-rail transit systems - Spain, List of light-rail transit systems - Slovakia, List of light-rail transit systems - Sweden, List of light-rail transit systems - Switzerland, List of light-rail transit systems - Ukraine, List of light-rail transit systems - United Kingdom, List of light-rail transit systems - Oceania, List of light-rail transit systems - Australia, List of light-rail transit systems - New Zealand, List of light-rail transit systems - North America, List of light-rail transit systems - Canada, List of light-rail transit systems - Mexico, List of light-rail transit systems - United States, List of light-rail transit systems - Notes, List of light-rail transit systems - South America, List of light-rail transit systems - Argentina, List of light-rail transit systems - Brazil, List of light-rail transit systems - Colombia, List of light-rail transit systems - Chile, List of light-rail transit systems - Peru, List of light-rail transit systems - Venezuela Read more here: » List of light-rail transit systems: Encyclopedia II - List of light-rail transit systems - Oceania |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - List of light-rail transit systems - North America
List of light-rail transit systems - Canada.
Calgary, Alberta - C-Train
Edmonton, Alberta - Edmonton Transit System
Ottawa, Ontario - O-Train (diesel-powered pilot project)
Toronto, Ontario - TTC Streetcars
List of light-rail transit systems - Mexico.
Guadalajara – tren eléctrico urbano, running from north to south, with terminals in both sides of the outer ring, through the Colón-Federalismo avenue.
Mexico City – Xochimilco–Tasqueña tren ligero
Monterrey
...
See also:List of light-rail transit systems, List of light-rail transit systems - Asia, List of light-rail transit systems - People's Republic of China, List of light-rail transit systems - India, List of light-rail transit systems - Japan, List of light-rail transit systems - Malaysia, List of light-rail transit systems - Philippines, List of light-rail transit systems - Singapore, List of light-rail transit systems - Turkey, List of light-rail transit systems - Africa, List of light-rail transit systems - Egypt, List of light-rail transit systems - Tunisia, List of light-rail transit systems - Europe, List of light-rail transit systems - Austria, List of light-rail transit systems - Belarus, List of light-rail transit systems - Belgium, List of light-rail transit systems - Bosnia-Herzegovina, List of light-rail transit systems - Bulgaria, List of light-rail transit systems - Croatia, List of light-rail transit systems - Czech Republic, List of light-rail transit systems - Estonia, List of light-rail transit systems - Finland, List of light-rail transit systems - France, List of light-rail transit systems - Germany, List of light-rail transit systems - Hungary, List of light-rail transit systems - Ireland, List of light-rail transit systems - Italy, List of light-rail transit systems - Latvia, List of light-rail transit systems - Netherlands, List of light-rail transit systems - Norway, List of light-rail transit systems - Poland, List of light-rail transit systems - Portugal, List of light-rail transit systems - Romania, List of light-rail transit systems - Russia, List of light-rail transit systems - Serbia, List of light-rail transit systems - Spain, List of light-rail transit systems - Slovakia, List of light-rail transit systems - Sweden, List of light-rail transit systems - Switzerland, List of light-rail transit systems - Ukraine, List of light-rail transit systems - United Kingdom, List of light-rail transit systems - Oceania, List of light-rail transit systems - Australia, List of light-rail transit systems - New Zealand, List of light-rail transit systems - North America, List of light-rail transit systems - Canada, List of light-rail transit systems - Mexico, List of light-rail transit systems - United States, List of light-rail transit systems - Notes, List of light-rail transit systems - South America, List of light-rail transit systems - Argentina, List of light-rail transit systems - Brazil, List of light-rail transit systems - Colombia, List of light-rail transit systems - Chile, List of light-rail transit systems - Peru, List of light-rail transit systems - Venezuela Read more here: » List of light-rail transit systems: Encyclopedia II - List of light-rail transit systems - North America |
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| | | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Western European knowledge of Muscovy Muscovy remained a fairly unknown society in western Europe until Baron Sigismund von Herberstein published his Rerum Moscoviticarum Commentarii (literally Notes on Muscovite Affairs) in 1549. This provided a comprehensive view of what had been a rarely visited and poorly reported state. In the 1630s, Muscovy was visited by Adam Olearius, whose lively and well-informed writings were soon translated into all major languages of Europe.
Further exploration of the Russian lands was conducted by English and Dutch merchants. One of t ...
See also:Muscovy, Muscovy - Rise of Muscovy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Autocracy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Aristocracy, Muscovy - The time of Ivan IV, Muscovy - Time of Troubles, Muscovy - Romanovs, Muscovy - Expansion, Muscovy - Western European knowledge of Muscovy, Muscovy - Early Imperial Russia, Muscovy - See Also Read more here: » Muscovy: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Western European knowledge of Muscovy |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Expansion Russia continued its territorial growth through the 17th century. In the south-west, it acquired eastern Ukraine, which had been under Polish rule. The Ukrainian Cossacks, warriors organized in military formations, lived in the frontier areas bordering Poland, the Tatar lands, and Russia. Although they had served in the Polish army as mercenaries, the Cossacks of the Zaporozhian Host remained fiercely independent and staged a number of rebellions against the Poles. In 1648, the peasants of Ukraine joined the Cossacks in rebellion during the ...
See also:Muscovy, Muscovy - Rise of Muscovy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Autocracy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Aristocracy, Muscovy - The time of Ivan IV, Muscovy - Time of Troubles, Muscovy - Romanovs, Muscovy - Expansion, Muscovy - Western European knowledge of Muscovy, Muscovy - Early Imperial Russia, Muscovy - See Also Read more here: » Muscovy: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Expansion |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Exeter - Politics and administration Exeter forms a single parliamentary seat. It is relatively marginal, and since the second World War its Member of Parliament has usually been drawn from the governing party. At the United Kingdom general election, 1997, Ben Bradshaw was elected as MP for Exeter, and he retained the seat at the elections of 2001 and 2005.
Exeter's city council is a district authority, and shares responsibility for local government with the Devon County Council. In recent years, the city council has been dominated by Labour Party and Liberal Democrat members. S ...
See also:Exeter, Exeter - Situation, Exeter - Economy, Exeter - History, Exeter - Politics and administration, Exeter - Notable Buildings, Exeter - Culture, Exeter - Literature, Exeter - Theatre, Exeter - Music, Exeter - Museums and galleries, Exeter - Newspapers, Exeter - Twin towns, Exeter - Colleges and Universities, Exeter - Sports, Exeter - Transport, Exeter - Road, Exeter - Rail, Exeter - Air Read more here: » Exeter: Encyclopedia II - Exeter - Politics and administration |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Exeter - Notable Buildings
The front of Exeter Cathedral
Ruined gatehouse at Rougemont Castle. Note the red sandstone, characteristic of many older Exeter buildings.
Among the notable buildings in Exeter are:
The cathedral, founded in 1050 when the bishop's seat was moved from the nearby town of Crediton (birthplace of Saint Boniface) because Exeter's Roman walls offered better protection against "pirates", presumably Vikings. A statue of Richard Hooker, the sixteenth century Anglican theolog ...
See also:Exeter, Exeter - Situation, Exeter - Economy, Exeter - History, Exeter - Politics and administration, Exeter - Notable Buildings, Exeter - Culture, Exeter - Literature, Exeter - Theatre, Exeter - Music, Exeter - Museums and galleries, Exeter - Newspapers, Exeter - Twin towns, Exeter - Colleges and Universities, Exeter - Sports, Exeter - Transport, Exeter - Road, Exeter - Rail, Exeter - Air Read more here: » Exeter: Encyclopedia II - Exeter - Notable Buildings |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Exeter - Culture
Exeter - Literature.
The Exeter Book, an original manuscript and one of the most important documents in Anglo-Saxon literature, is kept in the vaults of Exeter Cathedral. The Exeter Book dates back to the tenth century and is one of four manuscripts that between them contain virtually all the surviving poetry in Old English. It includes most of the more highly regarded shorter poems, some religious pieces, and a series of riddles, a handful of ...
See also:Exeter, Exeter - Situation, Exeter - Economy, Exeter - History, Exeter - Politics and administration, Exeter - Notable Buildings, Exeter - Culture, Exeter - Literature, Exeter - Theatre, Exeter - Music, Exeter - Museums and galleries, Exeter - Newspapers, Exeter - Twin towns, Exeter - Colleges and Universities, Exeter - Sports, Exeter - Transport, Exeter - Road, Exeter - Rail, Exeter - Air Read more here: » Exeter: Encyclopedia II - Exeter - Culture |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Exeter - History The Latin name for Exeter, Isca Dumnoniorum , suggests that the city was originally a Celtic oppidum, or town, on the banks on the River Exe before to the foundation of the Roman city in c. AD 50. Such early towns, or proto-cities, had been a feature of pre-Roman Gaul as described by Julius Caesar in his Gallic Commentaries and it is not improbable that they existed in neighbouring Britain as well. Isca is clearly a Celtic generic noun and the Romans felt the need to label the city Isca Dumnoniorum, or the Isca of the Dumnonii, in order to distinguish it from such settlements as Isca Silurum (modern ...
See also:Exeter, Exeter - Situation, Exeter - Economy, Exeter - History, Exeter - Politics and administration, Exeter - Notable Buildings, Exeter - Culture, Exeter - Literature, Exeter - Theatre, Exeter - Music, Exeter - Museums and galleries, Exeter - Newspapers, Exeter - Twin towns, Exeter - Colleges and Universities, Exeter - Sports, Exeter - Transport, Exeter - Road, Exeter - Rail, Exeter - Air Read more here: » Exeter: Encyclopedia II - Exeter - History |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Exeter - Transport
Exeter - Road.
The M5 motorway to Bristol and Birmingham starts at Exeter, and connects at Bristol with the M4 to London. The older A30 road provides a shorter but sometimes slower route to London.
Going west, the A38 connects Exeter to Plymouth and South Cornwall, whilst the A30 continues to Okehampton and North Cornwall.
Exeter - Rail.
There are two main line railway routes from Exeter to London, the faster Great Western Main Line route via Taunton to London Paddington ...
See also:Exeter, Exeter - Situation, Exeter - Economy, Exeter - History, Exeter - Politics and administration, Exeter - Notable Buildings, Exeter - Culture, Exeter - Literature, Exeter - Theatre, Exeter - Music, Exeter - Museums and galleries, Exeter - Newspapers, Exeter - Twin towns, Exeter - Colleges and Universities, Exeter - Sports, Exeter - Transport, Exeter - Road, Exeter - Rail, Exeter - Air Read more here: » Exeter: Encyclopedia II - Exeter - Transport |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Golden Horde - Name The name Golden is believed to have come from the steppe color-direction system: black — north, blue — east, red — south, white — west, and yellow (or gold) — center.
According to another version, the name was derived from a magnificent golden tent that Batu Khan established to mark a place of his future capital on the Volga. Although much aired in the 19th-century books, this theory is now considered apocryphal.
There are no written records dated prior to 17th century (well after the destruction) that refer to the state as Golden Horde. Earlier documents allude to ...
See also:Golden Horde, Golden Horde - Name, Golden Horde - Mongol origins, Golden Horde - Golden Age, Golden Horde - Internal organization, Golden Horde - Vassals and allies, Golden Horde - Political evolution, Golden Horde - Disintegration and fall, Golden Horde - External link Read more here: » Golden Horde: Encyclopedia II - Golden Horde - Name |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - The time of Ivan IV The development of the tsar's autocratic powers reached a peak during the reign of Ivan IV, and he became known as the Terrible (his Russian epithet, groznyy, means threatening or dreaded). Ivan strengthened the position of the tsar to an unprecedented degree, demonstrating the risks of unbridled power in the hands of a mentally unstable individual. Although apparently intelligent and energetic, Ivan suffered from bouts of paranoia and depression, and his r ...
See also:Muscovy, Muscovy - Rise of Muscovy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Autocracy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Aristocracy, Muscovy - The time of Ivan IV, Muscovy - Time of Troubles, Muscovy - Romanovs, Muscovy - Expansion, Muscovy - Western European knowledge of Muscovy, Muscovy - Early Imperial Russia, Muscovy - See Also Read more here: » Muscovy: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - The time of Ivan IV |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Time of Troubles Ivan IV was succeeded by his son Fedor, who was mentally deficient. Actual power went to Fedor's brother-in-law, the boyar Boris Godunov. Perhaps the most important event of Fedor's reign was the proclamation of the patriarchate of Moscow in 1589. The creation of the patriarchate climaxed the evolution of a separate and totally independent Russian Orthodox Church.
In 1598 Fedor died without an heir, ending the Rurik Dynasty. Boris Godunov then convened a Zemsky Sobor, a national assembly of boyars, church officials, and commone ...
See also:Muscovy, Muscovy - Rise of Muscovy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Autocracy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Aristocracy, Muscovy - The time of Ivan IV, Muscovy - Time of Troubles, Muscovy - Romanovs, Muscovy - Expansion, Muscovy - Western European knowledge of Muscovy, Muscovy - Early Imperial Russia, Muscovy - See Also Read more here: » Muscovy: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Time of Troubles |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Romanovs The immediate task of the new dynasty was to restore order. Fortunately for Russia, its major enemies, Poland and Sweden, were engaged in a bitter conflict with each other, which provided Russia the opportunity to make peace with Sweden in 1617 and to sign a truce with Poland in 1619. After an unsuccessful attempt to regain the city of Smolensk (the Smolensk War) from Poland in 1632, Russia made peace with Poland in 1634. Polish king Wladyslaw IV, whose father and predecessor Sigismund III had been elected by Russian boyars as tsar of Russia during the Time of Troubles, renounced all claims to the title ...
See also:Muscovy, Muscovy - Rise of Muscovy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Autocracy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Aristocracy, Muscovy - The time of Ivan IV, Muscovy - Time of Troubles, Muscovy - Romanovs, Muscovy - Expansion, Muscovy - Western European knowledge of Muscovy, Muscovy - Early Imperial Russia, Muscovy - See Also Read more here: » Muscovy: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Romanovs |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Aristocracy Boyars were hereditary nobles of three categories: 1) Rurikid princes of Upper Oka towns, Suzdal, Rostov, Yaroslavl, etc. that lived in Moscow after their hereditary principalities had been incorporated into Muscovy (e.g., Shuisky, Vorotynsky, Repnin, Romodanovsky); 2) foreign princes from Lithuania and Golden Horde, claiming descent either from Grand Duke Gediminas or from Genghis Khan (e.g., Belsky, Mstislavsky, Galitzine, Trubetskoy); 3) ancient families of Muscovite nobility that have been recorded in the service of Grand D ...
See also:Muscovy, Muscovy - Rise of Muscovy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Autocracy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Aristocracy, Muscovy - The time of Ivan IV, Muscovy - Time of Troubles, Muscovy - Romanovs, Muscovy - Expansion, Muscovy - Western European knowledge of Muscovy, Muscovy - Early Imperial Russia, Muscovy - See Also Read more here: » Muscovy: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Aristocracy |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Autocracy Internal consolidation accompanied outward expansion of the state. By the 15th century, the rulers of Muscovy considered the entire Russian territory their collective property. Various semi-independent princes of Rurikid stock still claimed specific territories, but Ivan III forced the lesser princes to acknowledge the grand prince of Muscovy and his descendants as unquestioned rulers with control over military, judicial, and foreign affairs.
Gradually, the Muscovite ruler emerged as a powerful, autocratic ruler, a tsar. By assuming t ...
See also:Muscovy, Muscovy - Rise of Muscovy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Autocracy, Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Aristocracy, Muscovy - The time of Ivan IV, Muscovy - Time of Troubles, Muscovy - Romanovs, Muscovy - Expansion, Muscovy - Western European knowledge of Muscovy, Muscovy - Early Imperial Russia, Muscovy - See Also Read more here: » Muscovy: Encyclopedia II - Muscovy - Evolution of the Russian Autocracy |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Golden Horde - Mongol origins At his death, Genghis Khan divided the Mongol Empire amongst his four sons. Jochi was the eldest, but he was already dead and his paternity was in doubt, so the westernmost lands trodden by the Mongol hoof, then southern Russia, were divided among his sons, Batu leader of the Blue Horde (East), and Orda, leader of the White Horde (West).
Batu then succeeded in establishing control over Orda's territorial endowment and subjugated the northern littoral of the Black Sea, incorporating the indigenous Turkic peoples into his army. In the l ...
See also:Golden Horde, Golden Horde - Name, Golden Horde - Mongol origins, Golden Horde - Golden Age, Golden Horde - Internal organization, Golden Horde - Vassals and allies, Golden Horde - Political evolution, Golden Horde - Disintegration and fall, Golden Horde - External link Read more here: » Golden Horde: Encyclopedia II - Golden Horde - Mongol origins |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Golden Horde - Political evolution After Batu's death in 1255, the prosperity of his empire lasted for a full century, until the assassination of Jani Beg in 1357. The White Horde and the Blue Horde were effectively consolidated into a single state by Batu's brother Berke. In the 1280s, the power was usurped by Nogai, a kingmaker who pursued a policy of Christian alliances. The Horde's military clout peaked during the reign of Uz ...
See also:Golden Horde, Golden Horde - Name, Golden Horde - Mongol origins, Golden Horde - Golden Age, Golden Horde - Internal organization, Golden Horde - Vassals and allies, Golden Horde - Political evolution, Golden Horde - Disintegration and fall, Golden Horde - External link Read more here: » Golden Horde: Encyclopedia II - Golden Horde - Political evolution |
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| | | | | Yaroslavl: Encyclopedia II - Golden Horde - Disintegration and fall A fatal blow to the Horde was dealt by Tamerlane, who annihilated Tokhtamysh's army, destroyed his capital, looted the Crimean trade centers, and deported the most skillful craftsmen to his own capital in Samarkand.
In the first decades of the 15th century, the power was wielded by Edigu, a vizier who routed Vytautas of Lithuania in the great Battle of the Vorskla River and established the Nogai Horde as his personal demesne.
In the 1440s, the Horde was again wracked by civil war. This time it broke up into eight separate Khana ...
See also:Golden Horde, Golden Horde - Name, Golden Horde - Mongol origins, Golden Horde - Golden Age, Golden Horde - Internal organization, Golden Horde - Vassals and allies, Golden Horde - Political evolution, Golden Horde - Disintegration and fall, Golden Horde - External link Read more here: » Golden Horde: Encyclopedia II - Golden Horde - Disintegration and fall |
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