World citizen

A world citizen (or citizen of the world) is a person who wishes to transcend the geopolitical divisiveness inherent in the national citizenships of the various sovereign states and countries. In this respect the concept differs from internationalism, which is still based on the idea of nations. By refusing to accept a patriotic identity dictated by any national government, world citizens assert their independence as citizens of the Earth, the world, or the cosmos. World citizen - Overview. The first ...

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• World citizen - Overview
• World citizen - Promoting world citizenship
• World citizen - Famous world citizens

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The first people to identify themselves as "world citizens" were the Stoic philosophers (see Zeno of Citium or Diogenes of Sinope). They coined the term cosmopolis or "universal city" from which is derived the English word 'cosmopolitan'. Stoicism was a major philosophy in the Roman Empire, which hoped to create this cosmopolis. The perspective of a world citizen has affinities with an existentialist philosophical outlook in that world citizens: do not want to be categorized by any artificially imposed categ ...

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World citizen, World citizen - Overview, World citizen - Promoting world citizenship, World citizen - Famous world citizens

Read more here: » World citizen: Encyclopedia II - World citizen - Overview

The first people to identify themselves as "world citizens" were the Stoic philosophers (see Zeno of Citium). The perspective of a world citizen has affinities with an existentialist philosophical outlook in that world citizens: do not want to be categorized by any artificially imposed categories and/or wish to identify themselves first and foremost as human beings and then by any grouping ...

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World citizen, World citizen - Overview, World citizen - Promoting world citizenship, World citizen - Famous world citizens

Read more here: » World citizen: Encyclopedia II - World citizen - Overview

This article discusses the speculative idea of a world government. While, theoretically, such government may take several forms (such as an empire), given the enormous magnitude of resources required to rule over billions of unwilling people by force, practically only a democratic form of government appears to be feasible. Furthermore, for similar practical reasons, some hierarchical structure of government would be required (see illustration for example). This article thus concentrates more specif ...

Including:

• World government - Principles of world federalism
• World government - Historical background
• World government - History of the world government idea
• World government - Voluntary unions of polities
• World government - The current global governance system
• World government - Recognized deficiencies
• World government - The case for FWG
• World government - No more wars no more oppression
• World government - More effective handling of global issues
• World government - Common critiques
• World government - FWG is not desirable
• World government - FWG is not a realistic goal
• World government - Approaches to effecting a FWG
• World government - Regional integration
• World government - Incremental reform
• World government - Integration of democracies first
• World government - Direct creation of FWG by the people
• World government - Resources
• World government - Published Works
• World government - Organizations
• World government - Websites
• World government - More links

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Democratic federal world government is simply an extension of the idea of democratic federation to the global level. One exception is that no military force would be needed to protect the global citizenship against external societies (barring the discovery of such societies); however it might be needed to put down insurrections. Support for democratic federal world government is rooted in globalism (also called cosmopolitanism or mundialism), the view that all humans are interdependent members of a single global community, and humanis ...

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World government, World government - History of the world government idea, World government - Voluntary unions of polities, World government - The current global governance system, World government - Commonly cited deficiencies, World government - Democratic federal world government, World government - Resources, World government - Published Works, World government - Organizations, World government - Websites, World government - More links

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The European Parliament represents around 450 million citizens of the European Union. Its members are known as Members of the European Parliament (MEPs). Since 13 June 2004, there have been 732 MEPs. (It was agreed that the maximum number of MEPs should be fixed at 750, with a minimum threshold of six per member state and no member state being allocated more than 96 seats.) Elections occur once in every five years, on the basis of universal adult suffrage. There is not a uniform voting system for the election of MEPs; rather, each member sta ...

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European Parliament, European Parliament - Composition, European Parliament - Observers, European Parliament - Constituencies, European Parliament - Powers and functions, European Parliament - Location, European Parliament - Organisation, European Parliament - List of committees, European Parliament - Political groups and parties, European Parliament - History, European Parliament - Footnotes

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World government - History of the world government idea. The need for a supranational authority to preserve the peace between nations has been recognized in ancient Greek and Roman times, and, in modern times goes back at least to the early 14th century (Dante, for example, discusses it in his book Monarchia, 1329). In 1625, the great Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius wrote De Jure Belli ac Pacis (The Laws of War and Peace), which is commonly taken as the starting-point of modern international law. The idea of a federati ...

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World government, World government - Principles of world federalism, World government - Historical background, World government - History of the world government idea, World government - Voluntary unions of polities, World government - The current global governance system, World government - Recognized deficiencies, World government - The case for FWG, World government - No more wars no more oppression, World government - More effective handling of global issues, World government - Common critiques, World government - FWG is not desirable, World government - FWG is not a realistic goal, World government - Approaches to effecting a FWG, World government - Regional integration, World government - Incremental reform, World government - Integration of democracies first, World government - Direct creation of FWG by the people, World government - Resources, World government - Published Works, World government - Organizations, World government - Websites, World government - More links

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Although most countries recognise the passports of most other countries, there are a number of exceptions. Generally these exceptions are due to circumstances where one country does not recognise another territory's administration as a sovereign state. Some countries also decline to accept passports that do not afford the bearer the right to live in the issuing country. Most countries make it a policy not to accept passports issued by authorities they do not recognise as states. The usual one-off exceptions are persons involved in neg ...

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Passport, Passport - History, Passport - Types of passports, Passport - Standards, Passport - Technical characteristics, Passport - Languages, Passport - Common passport designs, Passport - Government restrictions and special cases, Passport - Micronations, Passport - Chinas PRC and ROC and colonial passports in Hong Kong and Macau, Passport - Cyprus, Passport - Israel, Passport - Koreas, Passport - Pakistan, Passport - Saudi Arabia, Passport - Spain and Gibraltar, Passport - United States, Passport - International travel without passports, Passport - Reciprocal agreements, Passport - Refugees and stateless persons, Passport - The Vatican City, Passport - States with several types of passport

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World government - Published Works. The Politics of World Federation by Joseph P. Baratta presents a history of the practical, political efforts to establish a FWG. Its introduction is available on line. The on-line book A Global Parliament - Principles of World Federation, written as a textbook for a course on the subject of FWG, provides an overview with emphasis on the EU and its history as a practical precedent. Taking Democracy Global: Assessing the Benefits and Challenges of a Global ...

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World government, World government - Principles of world federalism, World government - Historical background, World government - History of the world government idea, World government - Voluntary unions of polities, World government - The current global governance system, World government - Recognized deficiencies, World government - The case for FWG, World government - No more wars no more oppression, World government - More effective handling of global issues, World government - Common critiques, World government - FWG is not desirable, World government - FWG is not a realistic goal, World government - Approaches to effecting a FWG, World government - Regional integration, World government - Incremental reform, World government - Integration of democracies first, World government - Direct creation of FWG by the people, World government - Resources, World government - Published Works, World government - Organizations, World government - Websites, World government - More links

Read more here: » World government: Encyclopedia II - World government - Resources

The need for a supranational authority to preserve the peace between nations has been recognized in ancient Greek and Roman times, and, in modern times goes back at least to the early 14th century (Dante, for example, discusses it in his book Monarchia, 1329). In 1625, the great Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius wrote De Jure Belli ac Pacis (The Laws of War and Peace), which is commonly taken as the starting-point of modern international law. The idea of a federation gained much momentum during the late 18th century, a period in which the first mode ...

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World government, World government - History of the world government idea, World government - Voluntary unions of polities, World government - The current global governance system, World government - Commonly cited deficiencies, World government - Democratic federal world government, World government - Resources, World government - Published Works, World government - Organizations, World government - Websites, World government - More links

Read more here: » World government: Encyclopedia II - World government - History of the world government idea

World government - Published Works. The Politics of World Federation by Joseph P. Baratta presents a history of the practical, political efforts to establish a federal world government. Its introduction is available on line. The on-line book A Global Parliament - Principles of World Federation, written as a textbook for a course on the subject of federal world government, provides an overview with emphasis on the EU and its history as a practical precedent. Manifesto for a New World Order ...

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World government, World government - History of the world government idea, World government - Voluntary unions of polities, World government - The current global governance system, World government - Commonly cited deficiencies, World government - Democratic federal world government, World government - Resources, World government - Published Works, World government - Organizations, World government - Websites, World government - More links

Read more here: » World government: Encyclopedia II - World government - Resources

Passport - Technical characteristics. Passports have a standardised format. They begin with a cover identifying the issuing country, then have a title page also naming the country, followed by pages giving information about the bearer and the issuing authority. Then, a number of blank pages are given for foreign countries to affix visas, or stamp the passport on entrance or exit. Passports are numbered by the issuing authority. Passports used to carry information (family name, given names, date of birth, place of birth, etc.) only in textual form. In recent years, however, passports issued by ma ...

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Passport, Passport - History, Passport - Types of passports, Passport - Standards, Passport - Technical characteristics, Passport - Languages, Passport - Common passport designs, Passport - Government restrictions and special cases, Passport - Micronations, Passport - Chinas PRC and ROC and colonial passports in Hong Kong and Macau, Passport - Cyprus, Passport - Israel, Passport - Koreas, Passport - Pakistan, Passport - Saudi Arabia, Passport - Spain and Gibraltar, Passport - United States, Passport - International travel without passports, Passport - Reciprocal agreements, Passport - Refugees and stateless persons, Passport - The Vatican City, Passport - States with several types of passport

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The modern concept of a multi-journey, multi-destination passport issued only by the holder's country of nationality, dates only from the mid-twentieth century. Before this, passports could generally be issued by any nation to any person, but for a very limited time and generally for a single journey. In this way, early passports are more similar to modern visas than to modern passports, whose primary function is to prove the identity and nationality of the holder. The wide spread legal requirement to use a passport to travel between countri ...

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Passport, Passport - History, Passport - Types of passports, Passport - Standards, Passport - Technical characteristics, Passport - Languages, Passport - Common passport designs, Passport - Government restrictions and special cases, Passport - Micronations, Passport - Chinas PRC and ROC and colonial passports in Hong Kong and Macau, Passport - Cyprus, Passport - Israel, Passport - Koreas, Passport - Pakistan, Passport - Saudi Arabia, Passport - Spain and Gibraltar, Passport - United States, Passport - International travel without passports, Passport - Reciprocal agreements, Passport - Refugees and stateless persons, Passport - The Vatican City, Passport - States with several types of passport

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The principle of territorial state sovereignty underlies nearly all global political actions and policies. The preceived need for international humanitarian interventions has recently led to an expansion of this principle to include the state's responsibility to protect its citizens against human right abuses. The United Nations (UN) is the primary formal organization coordinating activities between states on a global scale and the only inter-governmental organization with a truly universal membership (191 governments). In addition to ...

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World government, World government - History of the world government idea, World government - Voluntary unions of polities, World government - The current global governance system, World government - Commonly cited deficiencies, World government - Democratic federal world government, World government - Resources, World government - Published Works, World government - Organizations, World government - Websites, World government - More links

Read more here: » World government: Encyclopedia II - World government - The current global governance system

While sharing a similar objective, FWG activists promote a number of different, sometimes conflicting, approaches, which may be broadly grouped into the following categories: World government - Regional integration. Geographical federations would form in all parts of the world, serving as an example and an inspiration for the subsequent formation of an additional (or alternative) global layer of government. Opponents of this approach fear that competition between ...

See also:

World government, World government - Principles of world federalism, World government - Historical background, World government - History of the world government idea, World government - Voluntary unions of polities, World government - The current global governance system, World government - Recognized deficiencies, World government - The case for FWG, World government - No more wars no more oppression, World government - More effective handling of global issues, World government - Common critiques, World government - FWG is not desirable, World government - FWG is not a realistic goal, World government - Approaches to effecting a FWG, World government - Regional integration, World government - Incremental reform, World government - Integration of democracies first, World government - Direct creation of FWG by the people, World government - Resources, World government - Published Works, World government - Organizations, World government - Websites, World government - More links

Read more here: » World government: Encyclopedia II - World government - Approaches to effecting a FWG

The political parties in the European Parliament are organised into a number of political groupings as well as a number of registered European political parties. However most continue to be members of separate national political parties and discipline within European parties and groupings is not rigid. The makeup of the parliament's groups is fluid, and both national delegations and individual MEPs are free to switch allegiances as they see fit. European Parliament party groups are distinct from the corresponding European political pa ...

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European Parliament, European Parliament - Composition, European Parliament - Observers, European Parliament - Constituencies, European Parliament - Powers and functions, European Parliament - Location, European Parliament - Organisation, European Parliament - List of committees, European Parliament - Political groups and parties, European Parliament - History, European Parliament - Footnotes

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This section details the main objections to promoting the idea of a FWG, each with a typical response of FWG advocates. These Objections fall into two categories: (1) FWG is not a desirable goal for humanity, and (2) a FWG is not obtainable in the foreseeable future and is, therefore, not worth pursuing. World government - FWG is not desirable. A FWG would require establishing a substantial and expensive bureaucracy. A global parliament representing six billion constituents or a global "cabinet" of g ...

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World government, World government - Principles of world federalism, World government - Historical background, World government - History of the world government idea, World government - Voluntary unions of polities, World government - The current global governance system, World government - Recognized deficiencies, World government - The case for FWG, World government - No more wars no more oppression, World government - More effective handling of global issues, World government - Common critiques, World government - FWG is not desirable, World government - FWG is not a realistic goal, World government - Approaches to effecting a FWG, World government - Regional integration, World government - Incremental reform, World government - Integration of democracies first, World government - Direct creation of FWG by the people, World government - Resources, World government - Published Works, World government - Organizations, World government - Websites, World government - More links

Read more here: » World government: Encyclopedia II - World government - Common critiques

The European Parliament has a number of governing bodies and committees, and a number of delegations from external bodies. The main offices and governing bodies are: President - duties Vice-Presidents - duties Bureau - duties Conference of Presidents - duties Quaestors - duties Conference of Committee Chairmen - description Conference of Delegation Chairmen - description ...

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European Parliament, European Parliament - Composition, European Parliament - Observers, European Parliament - Constituencies, European Parliament - Powers and functions, European Parliament - Location, European Parliament - Organisation, European Parliament - List of committees, European Parliament - Political groups and parties, European Parliament - History, European Parliament - Footnotes

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Although Brussels is generally treated as the 'capital' of the European Union, and the two institutions of the EU's executive, the Commission and the Council of Ministers, both have their seats there, a protocol attached to the Treaty of Amsterdam requires that the European Parliament have monthly sessions in Strasbourg. Thus the European Parliament is sometimes informally referred to as the 'Strasbourg Parliament'. For practical reasons, however, preparatory legislative work and committee meetings take place in Brussels. Moreover, the European Parliament´s secretariat (administration), which employs the ...

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European Parliament, European Parliament - Composition, European Parliament - Observers, European Parliament - Constituencies, European Parliament - Powers and functions, European Parliament - Location, European Parliament - Organisation, European Parliament - List of committees, European Parliament - Political groups and parties, European Parliament - History, European Parliament - Footnotes

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In some respects, the European Parliament and the Council of Ministers resemble the upper and lower houses of a bicameral legislature. Neither the European Parliament nor the Council of Ministers may initiate EU legislation, this power being reserved by the Commission, and the fact that the European Parliament cannot itself propose laws makes it different from most national legislative assemblies. However, once a proposal for an EU law or directive has been introduced by the Commission, it must usually receive the approval of both Par ...

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European Parliament, European Parliament - Composition, European Parliament - Observers, European Parliament - Constituencies, European Parliament - Powers and functions, European Parliament - Location, European Parliament - Organisation, European Parliament - List of committees, European Parliament - Political groups and parties, European Parliament - History, European Parliament - Footnotes

Read more here: » European Parliament: Encyclopedia II - European Parliament - Powers and functions