Wittelsbach

The Wittelsbach family is a European royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria. Wittelsbach - Reign in Germany. The Wittelsbach family was the ruling dynasty of the German duchy of Bavaria from 1180 to 1918 and of the Rhine Palatinate from 1214 until 1805; in 1815 the latter territory was partly incorporated into Bavaria, which had been elevated to a kingdom by Napoleon in 1806. The family provided two Holy Roman Emperors: Louis IV (1314-1347) and Charle ...

Including:

• Wittelsbach - Reign in Germany
• Wittelsbach - Reign outside Germany
• Wittelsbach - Other major members of the family
• Wittelsbach - External link

Read more here: » Wittelsbach: Encyclopedia - Wittelsbach

The Wittelsbach family was the ruling dynasty of the German duchy of Bavaria from 1180 to 1918 and of the Rhine Palatinate from 1214 until 1805; in 1815 the latter territory was partly incorporated into Bavaria, which had been elevated to a kingdom by Napoleon in 1806. The family provided two Holy Roman Emperors: Louis IV (1314-1347) and Charles VII (1742-1745) and one German K ...

See also:

Wittelsbach, Wittelsbach - Origin, Wittelsbach - Reign in Germany, Wittelsbach - Reign outside Germany, Wittelsbach - Other major members of the family, Wittelsbach - External link

Read more here: » Wittelsbach: Encyclopedia II - Wittelsbach - Reign in Germany

The Wittelsbach family was the ruling dynasty of the German duchy of Bavaria from 1180 to 1918 and of the Rhine Palatinate from 1214 until 1805; in 1815 the latter territory was partly incorporated into Bavaria, which had been elevated to a kingdom by Napoleon in 1806. The family provided two Holy Roman Emperors: Louis IV (1314-1347) and Charles VII (1742-1745) and one German K ...

See also:

Wittelsbach, Wittelsbach - Reign in Germany, Wittelsbach - Reign outside Germany, Wittelsbach - Other major members of the family, Wittelsbach - External link

Read more here: » Wittelsbach: Encyclopedia II - Wittelsbach - Reign in Germany

The War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) was a major European armed conflict that arose in 1701 after the death of the last Spanish Habsburg king, Charles II. Charles had bequeathed all of his possessions to Philip, duc d'Anjou (Philip V), a grandson of the French King Louis XIV. The war began slowly, as the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I fought to protect his own dynasty's claim to the Spanish inheritance. As Louis XIV began to expand his territories more aggressively, however, other European nations (chiefly England and the Rep ...

Including:

• War of the Spanish Succession - Origins
• War of the Spanish Succession - Beginning of the war
• War of the Spanish Succession - Early fighting
• War of the Spanish Succession - Blenheim to Malplaquet
• War of the Spanish Succession - Final stages
• War of the Spanish Succession - Result

Read more here: » War of the Spanish Succession: Encyclopedia - War of the Spanish Succession

Cologne (German: Köln ▶ (help·info) [kœln]; Kölsch: Kölle) is Germany's fourth largest city after Berlin, Hamburg and Munich. Cologne lies on the River Rhine in the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia about half way between Frankfurt and Amsterdam. It is the largest city in the Rhine-Ruhr Area, one of the largest European metropol ...

Including:

• Cologne - Geography
• Cologne - The Coat of Arms of Cologne
• Cologne - History
• Cologne - Sister cities
• Cologne - Buildings and places of interest in Cologne
• Cologne - Legalities
• Cologne - Born in Cologne

Read more here: » Cologne: Encyclopedia - Cologne

Carl XII, Karl XII or Carolus Rex, (June 17, 1682 – November 30, 1718), the Alexander of the North, nicknamed in Turkish as Demirbaş Şarl (Charles the Habitué), was a King of Sweden from 1697 until his death in 1718. He was the fourth king of the Wittelsbach dynasty in Sweden. As a child, many people thought he was going to be sickly. This was proved to be wrong, though: he hardened his body for war by riding on horseback and hunting the wolves of Sweden's fir forests. When his father died, he was read ...

Including:

• Charles XII of Sweden - Campaigns
• Charles XII of Sweden - Death
• Charles XII of Sweden - Scientific contributions

Read more here: » Charles XII of Sweden: Encyclopedia - Charles XII of Sweden

Crown jewels are those that belong to the sovereign and pass to the next sovereign to symbolize the right to rule. They usually include one or more crowns, scepters, orbs, swords, and/or rings. Please see also under regalia. Crown jewels - Africa. Crown jewels - Benin. Danhomè The enormous collection of the Ahosu (Kings) of the Danhomè (Dahomey) is kept in the city of Abomey. Since the 1980's, the Getty Foundation and UNESCO have been trying t ...

Including:

• Crown jewels - Africa
• Crown jewels - Benin
• Crown jewels - Burundi
• Crown jewels - Central African Republic
• Crown jewels - Egypt
• Crown jewels - Ethiopia
• Crown jewels - Ghana
• Crown jewels - Nigeria
• Crown jewels - Rwanda
• Crown jewels - South Africa
• Crown jewels - Tanzania
• Crown jewels - Uganda
• Crown jewels - Asia
• Crown jewels - Burma
• Crown jewels - Brunei
• Crown jewels - India
• Crown jewels - Indonesia
• Crown jewels - Iran Persia
• Crown jewels - Japan
• Crown jewels - Laos
• Crown jewels - Malaysia
• Crown jewels - Philippines
• Crown jewels - Thailand Siam
• Crown jewels - Vietnam
• Crown jewels - Europe
• Crown jewels - Austria Austro-Hungarian Empire Holy Roman Empire
• Crown jewels - Czech Republic Czech Kingdom Bohemian Kingdom
• Crown jewels - Denmark
• Crown jewels - France
• Crown jewels - Germany
• Crown jewels - Greece
• Crown jewels - Hungary
• Crown jewels - Ireland
• Crown jewels - Italy
• Crown jewels - Monaco
• Crown jewels - Netherlands
• Crown jewels - Norway
• Crown jewels - Poland
• Crown jewels - Serbia
• Crown jewels - Spain
• Crown jewels - Sweden
• Crown jewels - Portugal
• Crown jewels - Russia
• Crown jewels - United Kingdom
• Crown jewels - Vatican
• Crown jewels - Latin America
• Crown jewels - Chile
• Crown jewels - Bolivia
• Crown jewels - Brazil
• Crown jewels - Peru
• Crown jewels - Mexico
• Crown jewels - United States
• Crown jewels - Hawaii

Read more here: » Crown jewels: Encyclopedia - Crown jewels

The Tyrol is a historical region in Western Central Europe, which includes the Austrian state of Tyrol (consisting of North Tyrol and East Tyrol) and the Italian regions known as the South Tyrol and Trentino. For the Roman history of the region, see Raetia. Tyrol - Middle ages and early modern era. The Tyrol, incorporated into the southern part of the Duchy of Bavaria during the Early Middle Ages, consisted largely of ecclesiastical holdings of the Bishops of Brixen and Trento. Over the centu ...

Including:

• Tyrol - Middle ages and early modern era
• Tyrol - Napoleonic Wars and 19th century
• Tyrol - World War I and its aftermath

Read more here: » Tyrol: Encyclopedia - Tyrol

Emperor Charles VII Albert (Brussels August 6, 1697 – January 20, 1745 in Munich), a member of the Wittelsbach family, was Holy Roman Emperor from January 24, 1742 until his death in 1745. He was the son of Maximilian II Emanuel, elector of Bavaria and Teresa Kunegunda Sobieska. His family was split during the War of the Spanish Succession and was for many years under house arrest in Austria. Only in 1715 did the family become re-united. In 1726 Charles Albert became elector of Bavaria. During his reign the Amalienburg, a ...

Read more here: » Charles VII Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia - Charles VII Holy Roman Emperor

1180 - Events. April 13 - Frederick Barbarossa issues the Gelnhausen Charter November 18 - Philip II becomes King of France During the third year of the Jisho era of Japan, a devastating whirlwind damages Kyoto. Emperor Antoku succeeds Emperor Takakura as emperor of Japan Afonso I of Portugal is taken prisoner by Ferdinand II of Leon Artois is annexed by France Prince Mochihito amasses a large army and instigates the Genpei War between Taira and Minamoto ...

Including:

• 1180 - Events
• 1180 - Births
• 1180 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1180: Encyclopedia - 1180

The Upper Palatinate (Oberpfalz) is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of Bavaria. It's subdivided into two regions (Planungsverband) - Oberpfalz-Nord and Regensburg. The region took its name in the Late Middle Ages, when it was one of the main portions of the territory of the Wittelsbach Elector Palatine, who also ruled over the Lower Palatinate in the Rhineland, now normally just called the Palatinate, or Pfalz. The capital of the Upper Palatinate was Amberg. Cadet b ...

Including:

• Upper Palatinate - Population

Read more here: » Upper Palatinate: Encyclopedia - Upper Palatinate

Charles X Gustav (Karl X Gustav) (November 8, 1622 – February 13, 1660), was King of Sweden from 1654 until his death. He was the son of John Casimir, Margrave of Palatinate-Zweibrücken and Princess Catherine of Sweden, half-sister of Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. He was married to Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, who produced his son and successor, Charles XI. Charles X was the second Wittelsbach king of Sweden after Christopher. Charles X Gustav of Sweden - Heir to the throne. H ...

Including:

• Charles X Gustav of Sweden - Heir to the throne
• Charles X Gustav of Sweden - Early days as King
• Charles X Gustav of Sweden - War on Poland
• Charles X Gustav of Sweden - War on Denmark
• Charles X Gustav of Sweden - The Estates in Gothenburg
• Charles X Gustav of Sweden - Family

Read more here: » Charles X Gustav of Sweden: Encyclopedia - Charles X Gustav of Sweden

The Illuminati is the name of many groups, modern and historical, real and fictitious, verified and alleged. Most commonly, however, The Illuminati refers specifically to the Bavarian Illuminati, the least secret of all secret societies in the world, described below. Most use refers to an alleged shadowy conspiratorial organization which controls world affairs behind the scenes, usually a modern incarnation or continuation of the Bavarian Illuminati. Illuminati is sometimes used synonymously with New World Order.< ...

Including:

• Illuminati - Origins
• Illuminati - Alumbrados of Spain
• Illuminati - Illuminés of France
• Illuminati - Rosicrucians
• Illuminati - Martinists
• Illuminati - The Bavarian Illuminati
• Illuminati - History
• Illuminati - Cultural effect
• Illuminati - The Illuminati in popular culture

Read more here: » Illuminati: Encyclopedia - Illuminati

Surrounding but excluding the national capital Berlin, Brandenburg is one of Germany's sixteen Bundesländer (federal states). Lying in the east of the country, in its current form it is one of the new states created in 1990 upon the reunification of the former West Germany and East Germany. The capital is Potsdam. Historically Brandenburg was an independent state which grew to become the core of modern Germany (see below). The state of Brandenburg was named after the town of Brandenburg (Slavic: Brennabor). Including:

• Brandenburg - Geography
• Brandenburg - Administration
• Brandenburg - History
• Brandenburg - 12th Century
• Brandenburg - 13th Century
• Brandenburg - 16th Century
• Brandenburg - Reunification
• Brandenburg - List of minister presidents of Brandenburg
• Brandenburg - Miscellaneous
• Brandenburg - External link

Read more here: » Brandenburg: Encyclopedia - Brandenburg

1329 - Events. Antipope Nicholas V is excommunicated by Pope John XXII. Aimone of Savoy becomes Count of Savoy. Construction begins on the cathedral of Frombork, Poland. Amberg, Germany passes to the Wittelsbach family. Michael of Cesena is deposed as General of the Franciscans. Stefan Dusan defeats the Bosnian ban Stephen II Kotromanić. Wiesbaden is granted the right of coinage by Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor. David II becomes King of Scotland ...

Including:

• 1329 - Events
• 1329 - Births
• 1329 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1329: Encyclopedia - 1329

Amberg is a city in Bavaria, Germany. It is located in the Oberpfalz ("Upper Palatinate"), roughly half way between Regensburg and Bayreuth. Population: 44,200 (2001). The town was first mentioned in 1034, at that time under the name Ammenberg. It became an important trading centre in the Middle Ages, exporting mainly iron ore and iron products. In 1269 the town became together with Bamberg subordinate to ...

Including:

• Amberg - Sights
• Amberg - Twinnings

Read more here: » Amberg: Encyclopedia - Amberg

The Archbishopric of Cologne was one of the major ecclesiastical principalities of the Holy Roman Empire. Cologne is the ancient Roman city of Colonia Agrippina. It became a free city in 1288 and the residence of the Archbishop was moved from Cologne Cathedral to Bonn. Its territories included a strip of territory along the Left Bank of the Rhine east of Jülich, as well as the Duchy of Westphalia on the other side of the Rhine, beyond Berg and Mark. The Archbishop was traditionally one of the Imperial Electors and the Archchancellor of Italy and Burgun ...

Including:

• Archbishopric of Cologne - Bishops and Archbishops of Cologne
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Bishops of Colonia Agrippina 88-784
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Archbishops of Cologne 784-1238
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Archbishop-Electors of Cologne 1238-1803
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Modern Archbishops of Cologne 1824-present

Read more here: » Archbishopric of Cologne: Encyclopedia - Archbishopric of Cologne

The Free State of Bavaria  (German: Freistaat Bayern), with an area of 70,553 km² (27,241 square miles) and 12.4 million inhabitants, forms the southernmost of the 16 states of Germany. Its capital is Munich. Bavaria - Culture. Bavaria has a culture very distinct from the rest of Germany. Noteworthy differences (especially in rural areas, less significant in the major cities) can be found with respect to: Religion: Bavarians are typically very conservative Catho ...

Including:

• Bavaria - Culture
• Bavaria - Geography
• Bavaria - Politics
• Bavaria - Administrative Divisions
• Bavaria - Regierungsbezirke administrative regions
• Bavaria - Landkreise/kreisfreie Städte administrative districs/independent cities
• Bavaria - Gemeinden municipalities
• Bavaria - Dialects
• Bavaria - History
• Bavaria - Miscellaneous
• Bavaria - The meaning of the coat of arms
• Bavaria - Bavarian citizenship
• Bavaria - Population and area
• Bavaria - Bavarian Culture Overseas

Read more here: » Bavaria: Encyclopedia - Bavaria

Baden is a historical state in the southwest of Germany. It came into existence in the 12th century as the Margraviate of Baden and subsequently split into different lines, which were unified in 1771. It became the much-enlarged Grand Duchy of Baden, a sovereign country, through the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1803-1806. It joined the German Empire in 1871, remaining a Grand Duchy until 1918 when it became part of the Weimar Republic. Baden was bounded to the north by the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Grand Duch ...

Including:

• Baden - Geography
• Baden - Population
• Baden - Industries
• Baden - Education and Religion
• Baden - Constitution and Government
• Baden - History
• Baden - Who's who from Baden

Read more here: » Baden: Encyclopedia - Baden

Archbishopric of Salzburg - Abbot-Bishops of Iuvavum c. 300's-c. 482. St. Maximus d. 476 Abandoned after c. 482 Archbishopric of Salzburg - Bishops of Iuvavum from 755 Salzburg c. 543-798 following the earlier date. St. Ruprecht c. 543-? Vitalis Erkenfried Ansologus Ottokar Flobri ...

See also:

Archbishopric of Salzburg, Archbishopric of Salzburg - Bishops of Salzburg, Archbishopric of Salzburg - Abbot-Bishops of Iuvavum c. 300's-c. 482, Archbishopric of Salzburg - Bishops of Iuvavum from 755 Salzburg c. 543-798 following the earlier date, Archbishopric of Salzburg - Bishops of Iuvavum from 755 Salzburg c. 698-798 following the latter date, Archbishopric of Salzburg - Archbishops of Salzburg, Archbishopric of Salzburg - Archbishops of Salzburg 798-1213, Archbishopric of Salzburg - Prince-Archbishops of Salzburg 1213-1803, Archbishopric of Salzburg - Modern Archbishops of Salzburg 1803-present

Read more here: » Archbishopric of Salzburg: Encyclopedia II - Archbishopric of Salzburg - Bishops of Salzburg