The term witchcraft (and witch) is a controversial one with a complicated history. Witchcraft is viewed differently in different cultures around the globe. Used with entirely different contexts, and within entirely different cultural references, it can take on distinct and often contradictory meanings. Each culture has its own particular body of concepts dealing with magic, religion, benevolent and harmful spirits, and ritual; and these ideas d ...

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Witchcraft - Practices typically considered to be witchcraft Witchcraft - Etymology Witchcraft - European witchcraft Witchcraft - Middle Eastern witchcraft
Witchcraft - Ancient Middle Eastern and Near Eastern beliefs Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the Tanakh Hebrew Bible Old Testament Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the New Testament Witchcraft - Jewish views of witchcraft
Witchcraft - African witchcraft Witchcraft - Theories of Neopagan witchcraft Witchcraft - Additional Reading

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Witchcraft, Witchcraft - Practices typically considered to be witchcraft, Witchcraft - Etymology, Witchcraft - European witchcraft, Witchcraft - Middle Eastern witchcraft, Witchcraft - Ancient Middle Eastern and Near Eastern beliefs, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the Tanakh Hebrew Bible Old Testament, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the New Testament, Witchcraft - Jewish views of witchcraft, Witchcraft - African witchcraft, Witchcraft - Theories of Neopagan witchcraft, Witchcraft - Additional Reading

Read more here: » Witchcraft: Encyclopedia II - Witchcraft - Etymology

Witchcraft - Ancient Middle Eastern and Near Eastern beliefs. The belief in witchcraft and its practice seem to have been widespread in the past. Both in ancient Egypt and in Babylonia it played a conspicuous part, as existing records plainly show. It will be sufficient to quote a short section from the Code of Hammurabi (about 2000 B.C.). It is there prescribed, If a man has laid a charge of witchcraft and has not justified it, he upon whom the witchcraft is laid shall go to the holy river; he shall plunge into the holy river and if the holy river overcome him, he ...

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Witchcraft, Witchcraft - Practices typically considered to be witchcraft, Witchcraft - Etymology, Witchcraft - European witchcraft, Witchcraft - Middle Eastern witchcraft, Witchcraft - Ancient Middle Eastern and Near Eastern beliefs, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the Tanakh Hebrew Bible Old Testament, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the New Testament, Witchcraft - Jewish views of witchcraft, Witchcraft - African witchcraft, Witchcraft - Theories of Neopagan witchcraft, Witchcraft - Additional Reading

Read more here: » Witchcraft: Encyclopedia II - Witchcraft - Middle Eastern witchcraft

Athame, athamé or arthame is what some practitioners of ritual magic call their ceremonial knives. In some traditions, the athame is a knife with a double edged blade and short (often black) handle; other traditions require that the blade be dull, curved, wavy, or a variety of other specifications. The athame is usually used for ritual and magical purposes only, to direct energy; if something such as herbs or cord needs to be cut, another knife called a boline or white-handled knife is used. Exceptions include "kitchen witchcraft", which actively encourages the use of magical tools for mundane purposes ...

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Athame - Etymology

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Gardner claimed to have been initiated in 1939 into a tradition of religious witchcraft that he believed to be a continuation of European Paganism. Doreen Valiente, one of Gardner's priestesses, later identified the woman who initiated Garder as Dorothy Clutterbuck in a book published by Janet and Stewart Farrar. This identification was based on references Valiente remembered Gardner making to a woman he called "Old Dorothy". Scholar Ronald Hutton instead argues in his Triumph of the Moon that Gardner's witchcraft tradition was largel ...

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Gerald Gardner, Gerald Gardner - Life, Gerald Gardner - Wicca, Gerald Gardner - Etymology, Gerald Gardner - Bibliography, Gerald Gardner - Notes and references

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Harry Potter first encountered dementors during the school year of 1993-1994, when they were sent to guard Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry against Sirius Black, who had recently escaped Azkaban Prison. Harry, whenever he got near one, was forced to relive his worst memory: hearing the last moments of his parents before they were murdered by Lord Voldemort. His first encounter with a dementor was on the Hogwarts Express and he was on the verge of death before he was saved by his Defence Against the Dark Arts professor, Remus Lupin. Hogwarts Headmaster Albus Dumbledore warned the Hogwarts stud ...

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Dementor, Dementor - Dementors in the narrative, Dementor - Etymology

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Influencing another person's body or property: Practices to which the witchcraft label have been historically applied are those which influence another person's body or property against his or her will, or which are believed, by the person doing the labeling, to undermine the social or religious order. Some modern commentators, especially neopagan ones, consider the malefic nature of witchcraft to be a Christian projection. The concept of a magic-worker influencing another person's body or property ag ...

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Witchcraft, Witchcraft - Practices typically considered to be witchcraft, Witchcraft - Etymology, Witchcraft - European witchcraft, Witchcraft - Middle Eastern witchcraft, Witchcraft - Ancient Middle Eastern and Near Eastern beliefs, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the Tanakh Hebrew Bible Old Testament, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the New Testament, Witchcraft - Jewish views of witchcraft, Witchcraft - African witchcraft, Witchcraft - Theories of Neopagan witchcraft, Witchcraft - Additional Reading

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Africans have a wide range of views of traditional religions. African Christians typically accept Christian dogma as do their counterparts in Latin America and Asia. The term witch doctor, often attributed to African inyanga, has been misconstrued to mean "a healer who uses witchcraft" rather than its original meaning of "one who diagnoses and cures maladies caused by witches". Combining Roman Catholic beliefs and practices and traditional West African religious beliefs and practices are several syncretic religions in the Americas, in ...

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Witchcraft, Witchcraft - Practices typically considered to be witchcraft, Witchcraft - Etymology, Witchcraft - European witchcraft, Witchcraft - Middle Eastern witchcraft, Witchcraft - Ancient Middle Eastern and Near Eastern beliefs, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the Tanakh Hebrew Bible Old Testament, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the New Testament, Witchcraft - Jewish views of witchcraft, Witchcraft - African witchcraft, Witchcraft - Theories of Neopagan witchcraft, Witchcraft - Additional Reading

Read more here: » Witchcraft: Encyclopedia II - Witchcraft - African witchcraft

Some neopagans believe that witchcraft should be used for good, and eschew any evil usages (See the Wiccan Rede and the Rule of Three (Wiccan)). Their belief is sometimes very similar to the belief of Christians in prayer, that the Divine will acknowledge and grant answers to a ritual given in a Deity's name. Some subscribe to the idea that all of reality is at some level interconnected, forming a single universal 'self' or 'oneness', and that by becoming conscious of this connection people can directly influence things around them. This view also implies ethical considerations ...

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Witchcraft, Witchcraft - Practices typically considered to be witchcraft, Witchcraft - Etymology, Witchcraft - European witchcraft, Witchcraft - Middle Eastern witchcraft, Witchcraft - Ancient Middle Eastern and Near Eastern beliefs, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the Tanakh Hebrew Bible Old Testament, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the New Testament, Witchcraft - Jewish views of witchcraft, Witchcraft - African witchcraft, Witchcraft - Theories of Neopagan witchcraft, Witchcraft - Additional Reading

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The characterization of the witch in Europe is not derived from a single source. Popular neopagan beliefs suggest that witches were female shamans who were made into malicious figures by Christian propaganda. This is an oversimplification and presumes that a recognizable folklore figure must derive from a single historical precedent (a female, maligned magic-worker). The familiar witch of folklore and popular superstition is a combination of numerous influences. The characterization of the witch, rather than being a caricature of a Pa ...

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Witchcraft, Witchcraft - Practices typically considered to be witchcraft, Witchcraft - Etymology, Witchcraft - European witchcraft, Witchcraft - Middle Eastern witchcraft, Witchcraft - Ancient Middle Eastern and Near Eastern beliefs, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the Tanakh Hebrew Bible Old Testament, Witchcraft - Witchcraft in the New Testament, Witchcraft - Jewish views of witchcraft, Witchcraft - African witchcraft, Witchcraft - Theories of Neopagan witchcraft, Witchcraft - Additional Reading

Read more here: » Witchcraft: Encyclopedia II - Witchcraft - European witchcraft

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