Wilhelm Dörpfeld (or Doerpfeld) (26 December 1853 – 25 April 1940) was a German architect, best known for his contributions to classical archaeology. Dörpfeld was born in Barmen, Wuppertal. In 1877 he became an assistant at the Olympia excavations under Richard Bohn, Friedrich Adler, and Ernst Curtius. In 1882 he joined Heinrich Schliemann, who was then excavating Troy. He continued to work with Schliemann in Tiryns (1884–1885), took part in the Acropolis excavations (1885–1890), the Pergamon excavations (1900–1913, with Alexander Con ...

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Troy (Greek Τροία Troia also Ἰλιον; Latin: Troia, Ilium) is a legendary city, scene of the Trojan War, part of which is described in Homer's Iliad, an epic poem in Ancient Greek, composed in the 8th or 7th century BC, but containing older material (Iliad means "epic of Ilion"). Troy (Turkish: Truva) is also the name of an archaeological site, the traditional location of Homeric Troy, in Asia Minor or Anatolia, close to the seacoast in what is now northwest Turkey, so ...

Including:

• Troy - Legendary Troy
• Troy - Homeric Troy
• Troy - Archaeological Troy
• Troy - Troy I–V
• Troy - Troy VI
• Troy - Troy VII
• Troy - Troy IX
• Troy - Excavation campaigns
• Troy - Schliemann
• Troy - Dörpfeld Blegen
• Troy - Korfmann
• Troy - Hittite evidence
• Troy - Homeric Ilion and historical Wilusa
• Troy - Status of the Iliad
• Troy - The Iliad as essentially legendary
• Troy - The Iliad as essentially historical
• Troy - Tourism
• Troy - Troy in later legend

Read more here: » Troy: Encyclopedia - Troy

It is not certain by what path Schliemann really did arrive at either archaeology or Troy. He travelled a great deal, seeking out ways to link his name to famous cultural and historical icons. One of his most famous exploits was disguising himself as a Bedouin tribesman to gain access to forbidden areas of Mecca. His first interest of a classical nature seems to have been the location of Troy. The city's very existence was then in dispute. Perhaps his attention was attracted by the first excavations at Santorini in 1862 by Ferdinand F ...

See also:

Heinrich Schliemann, Heinrich Schliemann - Childhood, Heinrich Schliemann - Career as a businessman, Heinrich Schliemann - Life as a classical archaeologist, Heinrich Schliemann - Decline and death, Heinrich Schliemann - The dark side of Schliemann, Heinrich Schliemann - Sources, Heinrich Schliemann - Works

Read more here: » Heinrich Schliemann: Encyclopedia II - Heinrich Schliemann - Life as a classical archaeologist

The story of the Trojans first began in myth and legend. According to Greek mythology, the Trojans were the ancient citizens of the city of Troy in the Troad area, in the land of Asia Minor (or Little Asia, now Turkey). Troy was known for its riches, gained from port trade with east and west, fancy clothes, iron production, and massive defensive walls. The Trojan royal family was started by Electra and Zeus, the parents of Dardanus. Dardanus, the legendary founder of Troy, crossed over to Asia Minor from the insland of Samothrace, where he m ...

See also:

Troy, Troy - Legendary Troy, Troy - Homeric Troy, Troy - Archaeological Troy, Troy - Troy I–V, Troy - Troy VI, Troy - Troy VII, Troy - Troy IX, Troy - Excavation campaigns, Troy - Schliemann, Troy - Dörpfeld Blegen, Troy - Korfmann, Troy - Hittite evidence, Troy - Homeric Ilion and historical Wilusa, Troy - Status of the Iliad, Troy - The Iliad as essentially legendary, Troy - The Iliad as essentially historical, Troy - Tourism, Troy - Troy in later legend

Read more here: » Troy: Encyclopedia II - Troy - Legendary Troy

The events described in Homer's Iliad, even if based on historical events that preceded its composition by some 450 years, will never be completely identifiable with historical or archaeological facts, even if there was a Bronze Age city on the site now called Troy, and even if that city was destroyed by fire or war at about the same time as the time postulated for the Trojan War. No text or artifact has been found on site itself which clearly identifies the Bronze Age site. This is probably due to the planification of the form ...

See also:

Troy, Troy - Legendary Troy, Troy - Homeric Troy, Troy - Archaeological Troy, Troy - Troy I–V, Troy - Troy VI, Troy - Troy VII, Troy - Troy IX, Troy - Excavation campaigns, Troy - Schliemann, Troy - Dörpfeld Blegen, Troy - Korfmann, Troy - Hittite evidence, Troy - Homeric Ilion and historical Wilusa, Troy - Status of the Iliad, Troy - The Iliad as essentially legendary, Troy - The Iliad as essentially historical, Troy - Tourism, Troy - Troy in later legend

Read more here: » Troy: Encyclopedia II - Troy - Homeric Ilion and historical Wilusa

Today there is a Turkish town called Truva in the vicinity of the archaeological site, but this town has grown up recently to service the tourist trade. The archaeological site is officially called Troy by the Turkish government and appears as such on many maps. A large number of tourists visit the site each year, mostly coming from Istanbul by bus or by ferry via Çanakkale. The visitor sees a highly commercialised site, with a large wooden horse built as a playground for children, then shops and a museum. The archaeological site its ...

See also:

Troy, Troy - Legendary Troy, Troy - Homeric Troy, Troy - Archaeological Troy, Troy - Troy I–V, Troy - Troy VI, Troy - Troy VII, Troy - Troy IX, Troy - Excavation campaigns, Troy - Schliemann, Troy - Dörpfeld Blegen, Troy - Korfmann, Troy - Hittite evidence, Troy - Homeric Ilion and historical Wilusa, Troy - Status of the Iliad, Troy - The Iliad as essentially legendary, Troy - The Iliad as essentially historical, Troy - Tourism, Troy - Troy in later legend

Read more here: » Troy: Encyclopedia II - Troy - Tourism

In the 1920s the Swiss scholar Emil Forrer claimed that placenames found in Hittite texts — Wilusa and Taruisa — should be identified with Ilium and Troia respectively. He further noted that the name of Alaksandus, king of Wilusa, mentioned in one of the Hittite texts is quite similar to the name of Prince Alexandros or Paris of Troy. The Hittite king Mursili II in ca. 1320 BC wrote a letter to the king of the Ahhiyawa, treating him as an equal and implying that Miletus (Millawanda) was co ...

See also:

Troy, Troy - Legendary Troy, Troy - Homeric Troy, Troy - Archaeological Troy, Troy - Troy I–V, Troy - Troy VI, Troy - Troy VII, Troy - Troy IX, Troy - Excavation campaigns, Troy - Schliemann, Troy - Dörpfeld Blegen, Troy - Korfmann, Troy - Hittite evidence, Troy - Homeric Ilion and historical Wilusa, Troy - Status of the Iliad, Troy - The Iliad as essentially legendary, Troy - The Iliad as essentially historical, Troy - Tourism, Troy - Troy in later legend

Read more here: » Troy: Encyclopedia II - Troy - Hittite evidence

Today there is a Turkish town called Truva in the vicinity of the archaeological site, but this town has grown up recently to service the tourist trade. The archaeological site is officially called Troy by the Turkish government and appears as such on many maps. A large number of tourists visit the site each year, mostly coming from Istanbul by bus or by ferry via Çanakkale, the nearest major town about 50 km to the north-east. The visitor sees a highly commercialised site, with a large wooden horse built as a playground for children ...

See also:

Troy, Troy - Legendary Troy, Troy - Homeric Troy, Troy - Archaeological Troy, Troy - Troy I–V, Troy - Troy VI, Troy - Troy VII, Troy - Troy IX, Troy - Excavation campaigns, Troy - Schliemann, Troy - Dörpfeld Blegen, Troy - Korfmann, Troy - Hittite evidence, Troy - Homeric Ilion and historical Wilusa, Troy - Status of the Iliad, Troy - The Iliad as essentially legendary, Troy - The Iliad as essentially historical, Troy - Tourism, Troy - Troy in later legend

Read more here: » Troy: Encyclopedia II - Troy - Tourism

Schliemann's career began before archaeology developed as a professional field, and so, by present standards, the field technique of Schliemann's work leaves a lot to be desired. Indeed, further excavation of the Troy site by others has indicated that the level he named the Troy of the Iliad was not that; in fact, all of the materials given Homeric names by Schliemann are considered of a pseudo- nature, although they retain the names. His excavations were even condemned by the archaeologists of his time as having destroyed the main layers of the real Troy. They were forgetting tha ...

See also:

Heinrich Schliemann, Heinrich Schliemann - Childhood, Heinrich Schliemann - Career as a businessman, Heinrich Schliemann - Life as a classical archaeologist, Heinrich Schliemann - Decline and death, Heinrich Schliemann - The dark side of Schliemann, Heinrich Schliemann - Sources, Heinrich Schliemann - Works

Read more here: » Heinrich Schliemann: Encyclopedia II - Heinrich Schliemann - The dark side of Schliemann

Heinrich was born at Neubukow, in Mecklenburg-Schwerin, to Ernst Schliemann, a poor Protestant minister, and Luise Therese Sophie. He was one of a large family. In 1831, when he was 9, his mother died. There is no question that this was a traumatic event for him. Later in life he seemed attracted to women named Sophie. He went to live with his uncle, Friederich Schliemann, perhaps because of an educational opportunity. He enrolled in the Gymnasium at Neustrelitz at a ...

See also:

Heinrich Schliemann, Heinrich Schliemann - Childhood, Heinrich Schliemann - Career as a businessman, Heinrich Schliemann - Life as a classical archaeologist, Heinrich Schliemann - Decline and death, Heinrich Schliemann - The dark side of Schliemann, Heinrich Schliemann - Sources, Heinrich Schliemann - Works

Read more here: » Heinrich Schliemann: Encyclopedia II - Heinrich Schliemann - Childhood

After his shipwreck, Schliemann seems to have undergone a brief period of being footloose in Amsterdam and Hamburg, at age 19. This circumstance came to an end with his employment, in 1842, at the commodities firm of F. C. Quien and Son. (Some say this was in Amsterdam; others say Prussia.) He became a messenger, office attendant and then book-keeper there. As messenger, he would stamp bills of exchange and cash them. On March 1, 1844, he changed jobs, going to work for B. H. Shröder & Co., an import/export firm. There he evidenc ...

See also:

Heinrich Schliemann, Heinrich Schliemann - Childhood, Heinrich Schliemann - Career as a businessman, Heinrich Schliemann - Life as a classical archaeologist, Heinrich Schliemann - Decline and death, Heinrich Schliemann - The dark side of Schliemann, Heinrich Schliemann - Sources, Heinrich Schliemann - Works

Read more here: » Heinrich Schliemann: Encyclopedia II - Heinrich Schliemann - Career as a businessman

In the Iliad, the Achaeans set up their camp near the mouth of the river Scamander (modern Karamenderes), where they had beached their ships. The city of Troy itself stood on a hill, across the plain of Scamander, where the battles of the Trojan War took place. The site of the ancient city today is some 15 kilometers from the coast, but the ancient mouths of Scamander, some 3,000 years ago, were some 5 kilometers further inland, pouring into a bay that has sinc ...

See also:

Troy, Troy - Legendary Troy, Troy - Homeric Troy, Troy - Archaeological Troy, Troy - Troy I–V, Troy - Troy VI, Troy - Troy VII, Troy - Troy IX, Troy - Excavation campaigns, Troy - Schliemann, Troy - Dörpfeld Blegen, Troy - Korfmann, Troy - Hittite evidence, Troy - Homeric Ilion and historical Wilusa, Troy - Status of the Iliad, Troy - The Iliad as essentially legendary, Troy - The Iliad as essentially historical, Troy - Tourism, Troy - Troy in later legend

Read more here: » Troy: Encyclopedia II - Troy - Homeric Troy

The layers of ruins on the site are numbered Troy I – Troy IX, with various subdivisions: Troy I – Troy IV: early Bronze Age (3rd millennium BC) Troy V: 20th – 18th centuries BC. Troy VI: 17th – 15th centuries BC. Troy VIh: late Bronze Age, 14th century BC Troy VIIa: ca. 1300 – 1190 BC, most likely candidate for Homeric Troy. Troy VIIb1: 12th century BC Troy VIIb2: 11th century BC Troy VIIb3: until ca. 950 BC Troy VIII: around 700 BC Troy IX: Hellenistic Ilium, 1st century BC ...

See also:

Troy, Troy - Legendary Troy, Troy - Homeric Troy, Troy - Archaeological Troy, Troy - Troy I–V, Troy - Troy VI, Troy - Troy VII, Troy - Troy IX, Troy - Excavation campaigns, Troy - Schliemann, Troy - Dörpfeld Blegen, Troy - Korfmann, Troy - Hittite evidence, Troy - Homeric Ilion and historical Wilusa, Troy - Status of the Iliad, Troy - The Iliad as essentially legendary, Troy - The Iliad as essentially historical, Troy - Tourism, Troy - Troy in later legend

Read more here: » Troy: Encyclopedia II - Troy - Archaeological Troy

Troy - Schliemann. With the rise of modern critical history, Troy and the Trojan War were consigned to the realms of legend. In the 1870s (in two campaigns, 1871-73 and 1878/9), however, the German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann excavated a hill, called Hissarlik by the Turks, near the town of Chanak (Çanakkale) in north-western Anatolia. Here he discovered the ruins of a series of ancient cities, dating from the Bronze Age to the Roman period. Schliemann declared one of these cities—at first Troy I, later Troy II—to be the city of Troy, and this ide ...

See also:

Troy, Troy - Legendary Troy, Troy - Homeric Troy, Troy - Archaeological Troy, Troy - Troy I–V, Troy - Troy VI, Troy - Troy VII, Troy - Troy IX, Troy - Excavation campaigns, Troy - Schliemann, Troy - Dörpfeld Blegen, Troy - Korfmann, Troy - Hittite evidence, Troy - Homeric Ilion and historical Wilusa, Troy - Status of the Iliad, Troy - The Iliad as essentially legendary, Troy - The Iliad as essentially historical, Troy - Tourism, Troy - Troy in later legend

Read more here: » Troy: Encyclopedia II - Troy - Excavation campaigns