A Raja (sometimes spelled Rajah) is a king, or princely ruler. The female equivalent is Rani (sometimes spelled Ranee). Raja comes from the Sanskrit word rājan, and is cognate to the Latin rex, regnum, regis and the Irish rí. The title has a long history in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Some rulers would give themselves the title as a means to increase prestige among their subjects. The word maharaja connotes a raja who has conquered other rajas, thus becoming a great ruler. Variant ...

Read more here: » Raja: Encyclopedia - Raja

Including:

• White Rajahs - History
• White Rajahs - Heraldry and Emblems
• White Rajahs - Architectural Legacy
• White Rajahs - Select Bibliography

Read more here: » White Rajahs: Encyclopedia - White Rajahs

Sarawak was part of the realm of Brunei until James Brooke, the first White Rajah received a sizable chunk of land from the Bruneian Sultan. Throughout the first two Brookes' rule, Sarawak's size increased tremendously. There were three White Rajahs: Sir James Brooke (1841 - 1868) Charles Anthoni Johnson Brooke (1868 - 1917) Sir Charles Vyner Brooke (1917 - 1946) After World War II, the last White Rajah ceded Sarawak to the British Empire for a sizeable pension for him and his three daughters. Cha ...

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White Rajahs, White Rajahs - History, White Rajahs - Heraldry and Emblems, White Rajahs - Architectural Legacy, White Rajahs - Select Bibliography

Read more here: » White Rajahs: Encyclopedia II - White Rajahs - History

Negara Brunei Darussalam, more commonly referred to as the Sultanate of Brunei or simply Brunei, is a country located on the island of Borneo, in southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea, it is completely surrounded by East Malaysia. The Petroleum and gas-rich Brunei is a member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and the (British) Commonwealth of Nations.  - Total (2001)   ...

Including:

• Brunei - History
• Brunei - Politics
• Brunei - Districts
• Brunei - Geography
• Brunei - Economy
• Brunei - Demographics
• Brunei - Culture
• Brunei - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Brunei: Encyclopedia - Brunei

Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1841 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). 1841 - Events. January 26 - The United Kingdom occupies Hong Kong. Later during the year, the first census of the island recorded a population of about 7,500. February 18 - The first ongoing filibuster in the United States Senate begins and lasts until March 11. March 4 - Martin Va ...

Including:

• 1841 - Events
• 1841 - Births
• 1841 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1841: Encyclopedia - 1841

Many; see article Birdwings are large, tropical papilionid butterflies native to mainland and archipelagic Southeast Asia and Australasia (with one Indian species), and are usually regarded as belonging to three genera: Ornithoptera, Trogonoptera and Troides. Other genera are recognised by some authorities, with a species count ranging from ca. 10–30. Birdwings are named for their except ...

Including:

• Birdwing - Adult physical description
• Birdwing - Life history
• Birdwing - List of species

Read more here: » Birdwing: Encyclopedia - Birdwing

The Federation of Malaysia (Malay: Persekutuan Malaysia) or simply Malaysia, is a country in Southeast Asia. It consists of two geographical regions divided by the South China Sea: West Malaysia or Peninsular Malaysia on the Malay Peninsula shares a land border on the north with Thailand and is connected by the Johor Causeway and the Tuas Second Link on the south with Singapore. East Malaysia, consisting of the federal territory of Labuan and the states of Sabah and Sarawak, occupies the ...

Including:

• Malaysia - History
• Malaysia - Politics
• Malaysia - States
• Malaysia - Geography
• Malaysia - Economy
• Malaysia - Natural resources
• Malaysia - Communications
• Malaysia - Healthcare
• Malaysia - Education
• Malaysia - Demographics
• Malaysia - Religion
• Malaysia - Culture
• Malaysia - Citizenship
• Malaysia - Miscellaneous topics

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When James Brooke first arrived in Sarawak it was governed as a vassal state of The Sultanate of Brunei. When he assumed control of the original area around Kuching in the 1840's much of the system of government was based on the ineffective Bruneian model. James set about reforming the government and eventually creating a civil service known as The Sarawak Service which recruited European, mainly British officers to run district outstations. The Sarawak Service was continually reformed by Rajah James and his succesors. James retained many of ...

See also:

White Rajahs, White Rajahs - History, White Rajahs - System of Government, White Rajahs - Heraldry and Emblems, White Rajahs - Architectural Legacy, White Rajahs - Cultural Legacy, White Rajahs - Select Bibliography

Read more here: » White Rajahs: Encyclopedia II - White Rajahs - System of Government

Sarawak was part of the realm of Brunei until James Brooke, who was to become the first White Rajah, received a sizable chunk of land from the Bruneian Sultan. Throughout the first two Brookes' rule, Sarawak's size increased tremendously as more territory was leased or annexed from Brunei. There were three White Rajahs: Sir James Brooke (1841 - 1868) Charles Anthoni Johnson Brooke (1868 - 1917) Sir C ...

See also:

White Rajahs, White Rajahs - History, White Rajahs - System of Government, White Rajahs - Heraldry and Emblems, White Rajahs - Architectural Legacy, White Rajahs - Cultural Legacy, White Rajahs - Select Bibliography

Read more here: » White Rajahs: Encyclopedia II - White Rajahs - History

The heraldic arms of the Brooke dynasty were based on the emblem used by James Brooke, and consisted of a read and black cross on yellow shield, crested by a beaver. A crown was added in 1949 and the shield design was used as the basis of the Sarawak flag until 1973. In 1988 the current state flag reverted to these original colours. ...

See also:

White Rajahs, White Rajahs - History, White Rajahs - Heraldry and Emblems, White Rajahs - Architectural Legacy, White Rajahs - Select Bibliography

Read more here: » White Rajahs: Encyclopedia II - White Rajahs - Heraldry and Emblems

The fictional nation of Kinakuta may be based partly on the historical sultanate of Sarawak, in northwest Borneo, which was ruled by "White Rajahs" from 1841 to 1946. Stephenson himself has remarked[1] that he "figured it was more akin to ... Sri Lanka or Serendip.... Others contend it was a fictionalized Tuvalu with a dash of Tonga." ...

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Kinakuta, Kinakuta - History, Kinakuta - Kinakuta today, Kinakuta - Possible inspirations, Kinakuta - External link

Read more here: » Kinakuta: Encyclopedia II - Kinakuta - Possible inspirations

The Sultanate of Brunei was very powerful from the 14th through the 16th century. Its realm covered the southern Philippines, Sarawak and Sabah. European influence gradually brought an end to this regional power. Later, there was a brief war with Spain in which Brunei was victorious. The 19th century however saw Brunei losing much of its territory to the White Rajahs of Sarawak. There was a small rebellion against the monarchy during the 1960s, which was prevented by the United Kingdom. This event became known as the Brunei Revolt and ...

See also:

Brunei, Brunei - History, Brunei - Politics, Brunei - Districts, Brunei - Geography, Brunei - Economy, Brunei - Demographics, Brunei - Culture, Brunei - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Brunei: Encyclopedia II - Brunei - History

Labuan was a part of the Hindu Majapahit Empire and, in the 14th century, came under the rule of the Brunei Sultanate. In 1840 the British used the previously-uninhabited island as a base for operations against piracy and later as a station for the submarine cable between Singapore and Hong Kong. The Sultan of Brunei ceded Labuan to Britain in 1846, and the island became a Crown Colony in 1848. It was made a part of North Borneo on 1 January 1890, then on 30 October 1906 joined to the Straits Settlements. The first White Rajah of Sarawak, James Brooke was appointed commander-in-chief ...

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Labuan, Labuan - Geography, Labuan - History, Labuan - Economy, Labuan - Population, Labuan - Postage stamps and postal history

Read more here: » Labuan: Encyclopedia II - Labuan - History

The micronation phenomenon is tied closely to the development of the nation-state concept in the 19th century, and the earliest recognisable micronations can be dated to that period. Most were founded by eccentric adventurers or business speculators, and several were remarkably successful. These include the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ruled by the Clunies-Ross family, and Sarawak, ruled by the "White Rajahs" of the Brooke family; both were independent personal fiefdoms in all but name, and survived until well into the 20th century. Author Peter ...

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Micronation, Micronation - Definition of micronation, Micronation - Evolution of micronationalism, Micronation - Micronations from the 1960-70s, Micronation - Micronations in Australia, Micronation - Impact of the Internet, Micronation - Recent examples, Micronation - Categories of micronations, Micronation - Social economic or political simulations, Micronation - Exercises in personal entertainment or self-aggrandisement, Micronation - Exercises in fantasy or creative fiction, Micronation - Vehicles for the promotion of an agenda, Micronation - Entities created for allegedly fraudulent purposes, Micronation - Historical anomalies and aspirant states, Micronation - New country projects, Micronation - Academic literary and media attention, Micronation - General entries, Micronation - Specific examples

Read more here: » Micronation: Encyclopedia II - Micronation - Evolution of micronationalism

The micronation phenomenon is tied closely to the rise of the nation-state concept in the 19th century, and the earliest recognisable micronations can be dated to that period. Most were founded by eccentric adventurers or business speculators, and several were remarkably successful. These include the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, ruled by the Clunies-Ross family, and Sarawak, ruled by the "White Rajahs" of the Brooke family; both were independent personal fiefdoms in all but name, and survived until well into the 20th century. However, Peter L. Wilson has pointed out the existence, starting from the ...

See also:

Micronation, Micronation - Definition of micronation, Micronation - Evolution of micronationalism, Micronation - Micronations from the 1960-70s, Micronation - Micronations in Australia, Micronation - Impact of the Internet, Micronation - Recent examples, Micronation - Categories of micronations, Micronation - Social economic or political simulations, Micronation - Exercises in personal entertainment or self-aggrandisement, Micronation - Exercises in fantasy or creative fiction, Micronation - Vehicles for the promotion of an agenda, Micronation - Entities created for allegedly fraudulent purposes, Micronation - Historical anomalies and aspirant states, Micronation - New country projects, Micronation - Academic literary and media attention, Micronation - General entries, Micronation - Specific examples

Read more here: » Micronation: Encyclopedia II - Micronation - Evolution of micronationalism

Fort Emma is a fort built in 1859 by Rajah James Brooke, out of timber and bamboo. It was named after Emma Brooke, sister of Rajah Charles Brooke. The fort remains impressive, despite years of neglect. It is currently closed to the public. Fort Emma was also the site of the last serious challenge to Brooke rule in Sarawak. In 1859, a number of Malay chiefs, led by Sharif Masahor of Mukah and supported by the Sultan of Brunei planned a series of attacks to kill all the Europeans in Sarawak and Dutch Borneo. In June 1859, Brooke ...

See also:

Kanowit, Kanowit - Fort Emma, Kanowit - Infrastructure, Kanowit - External link

Read more here: » Kanowit: Encyclopedia II - Kanowit - Fort Emma

Sarawak had been a loosely governed territory under the control of the Brunei Sultanate in the early 19th century. James Brooke (see figure below) became governor of Sarawak on September 24, 1841 and was appointed Rajah by the Sultan of Brunei on August 18, 1842; originally this territory was just the western end of later Sarawak, around Kuching. He ruled Sarawak until his death in 1868. His nephew Charles Anthoni Johnson Brooke became Rajah after his death; he was succeeded by his son Charles Vyner Brooke. The territory was greatly expanded ...

See also:

Sarawak, Sarawak - History, Sarawak - Geography, Sarawak - Demographics, Sarawak - Economy

Read more here: » Sarawak: Encyclopedia II - Sarawak - History

Having land area of 124,450 km² spreading between latitude 0° 50′ and 5°N and longitude 109° 36′ and 115° 40′ E, it makes up 37.5% of the land of Malaysia. Sarawak is currently divided into eleven Administrative Divisions: Kuching Division, Samarahan Division, Sri Aman Division, Betong Division, Sarikei Division, Sibu Division, Mukah Division, Kapit Division, Bintulu Division, Miri Division and Limbang Division. ...

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Sarawak, Sarawak - History, Sarawak - Geography, Sarawak - Demographics, Sarawak - Economy

Read more here: » Sarawak: Encyclopedia II - Sarawak - Geography

The town center consists of three streets of 1930's vintage Chinese shophouses, almost half of which seem to contain kopi kedai, near the waterfront.　 The only real sight in Kanowit is Fort Emma. Kanowit have a decent infrastructure, enough to satisfy the small population's needs. It have two primary schools (Sekolah Rendah Kebangsaan St. Francis Xavier-the earliest primary school in Sarawak, founded in 1883 and Sekolah Rendah Kebangsaan Yee Ting, a Chinese-run government school), two secondary schools (Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kanowit and Sekolah Menengah Ke ...

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Kanowit, Kanowit - Fort Emma, Kanowit - Infrastructure, Kanowit - External link

Read more here: » Kanowit: Encyclopedia II - Kanowit - Infrastructure

Within the town, there are several museums such as the well-known Sarawak Museum, Chinese Museum, Cat Museum, etc, which are definitely not to be missed when visiting Kuching. Interesting landmarks and sites are the Astana (the Rajah's former palace), Fort Margherita, Tua Pek Kong temple and Main Bazaar. The Kuching waterfront, which is really a riverside esplanade, is situated right next to the main hotels and commercial heartland of the city, and offers a pleasant walk in the evening. When you are tired of strolling, the old shops on the opposite side of the waterfront will gladly se ...

See also:

Kuching, Kuching - History, Kuching - Transportation, Kuching - Tourist attractions, Kuching - Cuisine

Read more here: » Kuching: Encyclopedia II - Kuching - Tourist attractions