Encyclopedia - Western Betrayal: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Betrayal - Poland
Western betrayal - First World War aftermath. After the First World War, Poland regained independence after 123 years of partitions. Wh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Warsaw Uprising: Encyclopedia - Warsaw Uprising
Build up The Battle Lack of outside support Capitulation Aftereffects Cultural representations Military participants Notable People Fac...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Curzon Line: Encyclopedia - Curzon Line
The Curzon Line was a demarcation line proposed in 1919 by the British Foreign Secretary, Lord Curzon of Kedleston, as a possible armisti...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yalta Conference: Encyclopedia - Yalta Conference
The Yalta Conference, sometimes called the Crimea Conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, was the wartime meeting from February...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Witold Pilecki: Encyclopedia - Witold Pilecki
Witold Pilecki (May 13, 1901 – May 25, 1948; pronounced ['vitÉ”ld pi'leʦki]; codenames Roman Jezierski, Tomasz SerafiÅ„ski, Druh, Wito...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Warsaw Uprising: Encyclopedia Ii - Warsaw Uprising - Eve Of The Battle
The Home Army's initial plans for a national uprising, Operation Tempest, which would link up with British forces, changed in 1943 when i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1939–1945: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1939–1945 - German And Soviet Invasion
The Polish armed forces resisted the German invasion, but their strategic position was hopeless since Poland was surrounded on three side...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish September Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish September Campaign - Details Of The Campaign
Polish September Campaign - Plans. The German plan Fall Weiss, for what became known as the September campaign, was created by General...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish September Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish September Campaign - Details Of The Campaign
Polish September Campaign - Plans. The German plan Fall Weiss, for what became known as the September campaign, was created by General...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1945: Encyclopedia - 1945
1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). 1945 - Events. January 5 - The Soviet Union recog...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish Contribution To World War Ii: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish Contribution To World War Ii - Army
After the country's defeat in the 1939 campaign, the Polish government in exile quickly organized in France a new army of about 80,000 me...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Curzon Line: Encyclopedia Ii - Curzon Line - History Of The Curzon Line
At the end of World War I the Allies agreed that an independent Polish state should be formed from territories previously part of the Rus...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Witold Pilecki: Encyclopedia Ii - Witold Pilecki - Biography
Witold Pilecki - Pilecki's early life. Witold Pilecki was born May 13, 1901, in Olonets on the shores of Lake Ladoga in Karelia, Russia...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Phony War: Encyclopedia Ii - Phony War - Dates
Given dates for the start and end of the phase may vary somewhat. In France the period from the official declaration of war on Germany on...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yalta Conference: Encyclopedia Ii - Yalta Conference - Conference
It was a continuation of the series of meetings begun at the Casablanca Conference (January 14 to 24, 1943) although the meetings can be ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Władysław Sikorski: Encyclopedia Ii - Władysław Sikorski - Biography
WÅ‚adysÅ‚aw Sikorski - Early life and World War I. Sikorski was born May 20, 1881, in Tuszów Narodowy, Polish Galicia, then a territor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1939–1945: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1939–1945 - Resistance
Resistance to the German occupation began almost at once, although there is little terrain in Poland suitable for guerilla operations. Th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish September Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish September Campaign - Prelude To The Campaign
The Nazi Party, led by Adolf Hitler, took power in Germany in 1933. Hitler at first ostentatiously pursued a policy of rapprochement with...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1939–1945: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1939–1945 - Yalta And The Soviet Occupation 1943–45
As the Soviets advanced through Poland in late 1944 the German administration collapsed. The Communist-controlled Committee of National L...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1939–1945: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1939–1945 - Aftermath Of The War
Hans Frank was captured by American troops in May 1945 and was one of the defendants at the Nuremberg Trials. During his trial he convert...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish Contribution To World War Ii: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish Contribution To World War Ii - Intelligence
During a period of over six and a half years, from late December 1932 to the outbreak of World War II, three mathematician-cryptologists ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Władysław Sikorski: Encyclopedia Ii - Władysław Sikorski - Aftermath
Immediately after the crash, a Polish officer who had witnessed the event from the airstrip began sobbing quietly and repeating: "This is...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Władysław Sikorski: Encyclopedia Ii - Władysław Sikorski - Controversy Surrounding Sikorski's Death
In 1943 a British Court of Inquiry investigated the crash of Sikorski's B-24 Liberator but was unable to determine the probable cause, fi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - March 30: Encyclopedia - March 30
March 30 is the 89th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (90th in Leap years). There are 276 days remaining. March 30 - Events. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1939–1945: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1939–1945 - Governments In Exile
See also special article about Polish government in exile during Second World War. The Polish government re-assembled in Paris and formed...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish Contribution To World War Ii: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish Contribution To World War Ii - Navy
Just on the eve of war, most of the major Polish Navy ships had been sent for safety to the British Isles. There they fought alongside th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish Contribution To World War Ii: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish Contribution To World War Ii - Air Force
The Polish Air Force fought in the Battle of France as one fighter squadron GC 1/145, several small units detached to French squadrons, a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish September Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish September Campaign - Opposing Forces
Polish September Campaign - Germany. Germany had a large numerical advantage over Polish forces, and had developed a significant milita...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Phony War: Encyclopedia Ii - Phony War - Allied Action During The Phony War
The Allies' only major military actions during the Phony War were at sea. Notable events among these were the following: In October 1939...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Yalta Conference: Encyclopedia Ii - Yalta Conference - Controversies Over Yalta
The Yalta Conference is often cited as the symbol of Western betrayal or the beginning of the Cold War. Although democracy was promised, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Warsaw Uprising: Encyclopedia Ii - Warsaw Uprising - The Battle
The uprising began officially in daylight at 17:00 on "W-hour" August 1, a decision which is now regarded as a costly mistake. Although t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Phony War: Encyclopedia Ii - Phony War - The Norway Debate
The debacle of the British campaign in Norway, which actually was an offspring of the never-realised plans to aid Finland, forced a famou...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish September Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish September Campaign - Order Of Battle
Order of battle of Poland: Polish army order of battle in 1939 Polish Air Force order of battle in 1939 Polish Navy order of battle in 1...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1939–1945: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1939–1945 - The Holocaust In Poland
Persecution of the Jews by the occupation government, particularly in the urban areas, began immediately after the occupation. In the fir...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Curzon Line: Encyclopedia Ii - Curzon Line - Ethnography To The East Of The Curzon Line
The territory which lay between the Curzon Line and the 1921 eastern border of Poland had a population of about 12 million people in an a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish September Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish September Campaign - Opposing Forces
Polish September Campaign - Germany. Germany had a large numerical advantage over Polish forces, and the German economy was geared towa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Warsaw Uprising: Encyclopedia Ii - Warsaw Uprising - Lack Of Outside Support
The limited landings by the 1st Polish army, mentioned above, represented the only external forces who arrived to support the uprising. T...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish September Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish September Campaign - Prelude To The Campaign
Led by Adolf Hitler, the Nazi Party took power in Germany in 1933. Hitler at first ostentatiously pursued a policy of rapprochement with ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1939–1945: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1939–1945 - Dismemberment Of Poland
Under the terms of two decrees by Hitler (8 October and 12 October 1939), large areas of western Poland were annexed to Germany. These in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1939–1945: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1939–1945 - The General Government
The remaining block of territory was placed under a German administration called the General Government (in German Generalgouvernement fÃ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Warsaw Uprising: Encyclopedia Ii - Warsaw Uprising - The Capitulation
On October 2 General Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski signed the capitulation of the remaining Polish forces (Warszawski Korpus Armii Krajowej or ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish September Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish September Campaign - Prelude To The Campaign
The Nazi Party, led by Adolf Hitler, took power in Germany in 1933. Hitler at first ostentatiously pursued a policy of rapprochement with...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1939–1945: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1939–1945 - Treatment Of The Poles
It was German policy that the (non-Jewish) Poles were to be reduced to the status of serfs, and eventually replaced by German colonists. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Polish September Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish September Campaign - Opposing Forces
Polish September Campaign - Germany. Germany had a large numerical advantage over Polish forces, and the German economy was geared towa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Warsaw Uprising: Encyclopedia Ii - Warsaw Uprising - The Legacy
Due to lack of cooperation and often the active aggressive moves on the part of the Soviets and several other factors, the Warsaw Uprisin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1945–1989: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1945–1989 - Creation Of The People's Republic Of Poland 1945–1956
History of Poland 1945–1989 - Wartime devastation. Poland suffered enormous losses during World War II. While in 1939 Poland had 35.1...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1945: Encyclopedia Ii - 1945 - Events
1945 - January. January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - The Dark Ages And The Great Migrations
History of the Balkans - Nomadic peoples. Western Huns empire stretched in 434 AD from Central Europe to the Black Sea and from the Dan...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - The Dark Ages And The Great Migrations
History of the Balkans - Nomadic peoples. Western Huns empire stretched in 434 AD from Central Europe to the Black Sea and from the Dan...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1945: Encyclopedia Ii - 1945 - Events
1945 - January. January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - The Dark Ages And The Great Migrations
History of the Balkans - Nomadic peoples. Western Huns empire stretched in 434 AD from Central Europe to the Black Sea and from the Dan...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Munich Agreement: Encyclopedia Ii - Munich Agreement - Reactions
Chamberlain received an ecstatic reception upon his return to Britain. At Hendon Aerodrome, north of London, he made the now infamous "pe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - The Balkans In Modern Times
History of the Balkans - World War I in the Balkans. World War I (then known as the Great War) started when a Serb man called Gavrilo P...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Middle Ages And The Early Modern Period
The Balkans was a confluence of great powers, a buffer between occident and orient. Various wars, rebellions, invasions, and disputes bet...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Current State And Perspectives
Since 2000, all Balkan countries are friendly towards the EU and the USA. Greece has been a member of the European Union since 1981. Slov...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Rise Of Independence
The Ottoman (Turkish) Empire was losing influence, status and territory throughout the 19th century, known as the 'sick man of Europe'; a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - The Pig War
Main Article: Bosnian crisis The means adopted by the governments of Vienna and Budapest to nullify the plans of Serbian expansion were ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Balkan Wars
Main article: Balkan Wars History of the Balkans - First Balkan War. Main article: First Balkan War For more info please use the main...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Current State And Perspectives
Since 2000, all Balkan countries are friendly towards the EU and the USA. Greece has been a member of the European Union since 1981. Slov...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Balkan Wars
Main article: Balkan Wars History of the Balkans - First Balkan War. Main article: First Balkan War For more info please use the main...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - The Balkans In Modern Times
History of the Balkans - World War I in the Balkans. World War I (then known as the Great War) started when a Serb man called Gavrilo P...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Classical Antiquity
History of the Balkans - Odrysian empire. Main article: Odrysian empire The Odrysian empire was a union of Thracian tribes that was p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - The Pig War
Main Article: Bosnian crisis The means adopted by the governments of Vienna and Budapest to nullify the plans of Serbian expansion were ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Rise Of Independence
The Ottoman (Turkish) Empire was losing influence, status and territory throughout the 19th century, known as the 'sick man of Europe'; a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Classical Antiquity
History of the Balkans - Odrysian empire. Main article: Odrysian empire The Odrysian empire was a union of Thracian tribes that was p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Middle Ages And The Early Modern Period
The Balkans was a confluence of great powers, a buffer between occident and orient. Various wars, rebellions, invasions, and disputes bet...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Early History
History of the Balkans - Chalcolithic cultures. Early cultures of the Balkans were predominantly agricultural. Archaeologists have iden...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1945: Encyclopedia Ii - 1945 - Births
1945 - January. January 3 - Victoria Principal, American actress January 3 - Stephen Stills, American singer and songwriter (Crosby, S...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - The Pig War
Main Article: Bosnian crisis The means adopted by the governments of Vienna and Budapest to nullify the plans of Serbian expansion were ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Early History
History of the Balkans - Chalcolithic civilization. Early cultures of the Balkans were predominantly agricultural. Archaeologists have ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - The Balkans In Modern Times
History of the Balkans - World War I in the Balkans. World War I (then known as the Great War) started when a Serb man called Gavrilo P...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Rise Of Independence
The Ottoman (Turkish) Empire was losing influence, status and territory throughout the 19th century, known as the 'sick man of Europe'; a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Middle Ages And The Early Modern Period
The Balkans was a confluence of great powers, a buffer between occident and orient. Various wars, rebellions, invasions, and disputes bet...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1945: Encyclopedia Ii - 1945 - Deaths
1945 - January. January 3 - Edgar Cayce, American psychic (b. 1877) January 22 - Else Lasker-Schuler, German poet (b. 1869) January 31...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Early History
History of the Balkans - Chalcolithic civilization. Early cultures of the Balkans were predominantly agricultural. Archaeologists have ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Classical Antiquity
History of the Balkans - Odrysian empire. Main article: Odrysian empire The Odrysian empire was a union of Thracian tribes that was p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Current State And Perspectives
Since 2000, all Balkan countries are friendly towards the EU and the USA. Greece has been a member of the European Union since 1981. Slov...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Balkans: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Balkans - Balkan Wars
Main article: Balkan Wars History of the Balkans - First Balkan War. For more info please use the main article; October 8, 1912 the Fir...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1945–1989: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1945–1989 - Changes In Polish Society
The Communist years in Poland saw many dramatic changes, both political and social. There were a number of shifts in the social class com...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1945: Encyclopedia Ii - 1945 - Births
1945 - January. January 3 - Victoria Principal, American actress January 3 - Stephen Stills, American singer and songwriter (Crosby, S...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Munich Agreement: Encyclopedia Ii - Munich Agreement - Resolution
A deal was reached, however, and on September 29, Adolf Hitler, Neville Chamberlain, Edouard Daladier and Benito Mussolini signed the Mun...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1945–1989: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1945–1989 - The End Of Communist Rule 1980–1990
In September 1980, the increasingly frail Gierek was removed from office and replaced as Party leader by StanisÅ‚aw Kania. Kania made the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Munich Agreement: Encyclopedia Ii - Munich Agreement - Sudetenland Crisis
In March 1938 Germany had annexed Austria, the Anschluss. It was widely expected that Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland with its substantial G...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1945: Encyclopedia Ii - 1945 - Deaths
1945 - January. January 3 - Edgar Cayce, American psychic (b. 1877) January 22 - Else Lasker-Schuler, German poet (b. 1869) January 31...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1945–1989: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1945–1989 - Communist Reform 1956–1970
History of Poland 1945–1989 - De-Stalinization. Stalin had died in 1953. Between 1953 and 1958 Nikita Khrushchev out manouvered his r...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Poland 1945–1989: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Poland 1945–1989 - The Gierek Era 1970–1980
Gierek, like GomuÅ‚ka in 1956, came to power on a raft of promises that now everything would be different: wages would rise, prices would...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Betrayal: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Betrayal - Essays And Articles
Western betrayal - Dictionaries. Betrayal - Wiktionary Betrayal - Cambridge Dictionary Betrayal - Dictionary.com ... See also:Weste...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Betrayal: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Betrayal - Spain
A similar feeling occurred among the supporters of the Second Spanish Republic. During the Spanish Civil War, the democratic countries ha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Betrayal: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Betrayal - Yugoslavia
At the Tehran Conference in November 1943, a decision was made by the Allies to cease their support of the Royalist Chetniks, and switch ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Betrayal: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Betrayal - Finland
Contrary to many countries reborn after the World War I, Finland remained neutral and did not enter direct military alliances. The League...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Betrayal: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Betrayal - Diplomacy & Eastern Europe Between The Wars
Starting in 1919, it was the policy of France to construct a cordon sanitaire (security cordon) in Eastern Europe that was designed to ke...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Betrayal: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Betrayal - Czechoslovakia
See also: History of Czechoslovakia#Before WWII (1938 – 1939) and later sections Unlike many of its neighbours, Czechoslovakia formed a...   » Read the article