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Wehrmacht: Encyclopedia - Wehrmacht
Wehrmacht (listen) ▶ (help·info) was the name of the armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1945. The Wehrmacht of World War II was comp...
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Wehrmacht: Encyclopedia Ii - Wehrmacht - Background
The German word Wehrmacht (literally "defence force") was previously used in German in a generic sense, as a term describing the armed fo...
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Wehrmacht: Encyclopedia Ii - Wehrmacht - Command Structure
Legally, the Commander-in-Chief of the Wehrmacht was Adolf Hitler in his capacity as Germany's head of state, a position he gained after ...
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Wehrmacht: Encyclopedia Ii - Wehrmacht - War Crimes
While the predominant number of war crimes were attributed to Nazi organizations like the Schutzstaffel (SS), a number of Wehrmacht offic...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia - Blitzkrieg
Blitzkrieg (German, literally lightning war) is a popular name for an operational-level military doctrine which employed mobile forces at...
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Werwolf: Encyclopedia - Werwolf
Werwolf was a Nazi plan at the end of World War II for a force which would aid the Wehrmacht by means of guerrilla attacks against the Al...
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Battle Dress Uniform: Encyclopedia - Battle Dress Uniform
Battle Dress Uniform (BDU) in the United States is the military uniform worn into combat, battledress as opposed to 'display' dress unifo...
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Armenian Quote: Encyclopedia - Armenian Quote
The Armenian quote is a paragraph allegedly included in a speech by Adolf Hitler to Wehrmacht commanders at his Obersalzberg home on Augu...
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Vasily Grigoryevich Zaitsev: Encyclopedia - Vasily Grigoryevich Zaitsev
Vasily Grigoryevich Zaitsev (Russian: Васи́лий Григо́рьевич За́йцев) (23 March 1915 – 15 December 1991) was ...
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Alfred Jodl: Encyclopedia - Alfred Jodl
Alfred Jodl (May 10, 1890 - October 16, 1946) was a Wehrmacht officer. During WWII he was Chief of the Operations Staff and deputy to Wil...
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Walter Ernsting: Encyclopedia - Walter Ernsting
Walter Ernsting (13 June 1920 - 15 January 2005) was a German science fiction and fantasy author who mainly published under the pseudonym...
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Wound Badge: Encyclopedia - Wound Badge
Wound Badge (Das Verwundetenabzeichen) is a German military award for wounded or frost-bitten soldiers of Wehrmacht, SS and the auxiliary...
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Abwehr: Encyclopedia - Abwehr
The Abwehr was a German intelligence organization from 1921 to 1944. The verb abwehren means "to ward off", implying counterespionage; th...
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Feldwebel: Encyclopedia Ii - Feldwebel - Reichswehr And Wehrmacht
After World War I, in the German Reichswehr and Wehrmacht, the Feldwebel was divided into several NCO-Ranks above Unteroffizier (as Squad...
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Feldwebel: Encyclopedia Ii - Feldwebel - 19th Century And German Kaiserreich
Feldwebel gained its widest usage under the German military beginning from the early 19th century. The highest ranking Non-Commissioned O...
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Battle Of The Caucasus: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of The Caucasus - Forces And Commanders
Battle of the Caucasus - Red Army.
Northern Caucasian Front (Marshal Semyon Budenny) - until September 1942
Transcaucasian Front (Gene...
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German Panzer Army Africa: Encyclopedia Ii - German Panzer Army Africa - Assets
Throughout its existence this headquarters controlled the well-known Afrika Korps, and for most of its life it controlled a number of oth...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Plot
Triumph of the Will has been described as "by Nazis, for Nazis, and about Nazis".[2] The film begins with a prologue, the only commentary...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Filmmaking
Unlike Der Sieg des Glaubens, Riefenstahl shot Triumph of the Will with a bigger budget, extensive preparations, and vital help from high...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Plot
Triumph of the Will has been described as "by Nazis, for Nazis, and about Nazis".[2] The film begins with a prologue, the only commentary...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Influences And Legacy
According to the History Place, "The legacy of Triumph of the Will lives on today in the numerous TV documentaries concerning the Nazi er...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Gallery
The encampment for visiting party members.
Hitler arrives at the Nuremberg airfield and can be seen exiting the plane.
More night footage...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Response
Triumph of the Will premiered on March 28, 1935 at the Berlin Ufa Palace Theater and was an instant success. Within two months the film h...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Controversy
Like Battleship Potemkin and The Birth of a Nation, Triumph of the Will has been accused of using spectacular filmmaking to promote a mon...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Origins
"Shortly after he came to power Hitler called me to see him and explained that he wanted a film about a Party Congress, and wanted me to ...
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Stalingrad Film: Encyclopedia Ii - Stalingrad Film - Plot Details
The film begins with the German soldiers enjoying a brief vacation in Italy after their victory in North Africa. They are enjoying themse...
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German 352nd Infantry Division: Encyclopedia Ii - German 352nd Infantry Division - Divisional History
The 352nd was formed in November 1943 in France, commanded by Generalleutnant Dietrich Kraiß from 6th November 1943 until it was destroy...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Origins
Leni Riefenstahl, a popular German actress, had directed her first movie called Das Blaue Licht (The Blue Light) in 1932. Around the same...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Filmmaking
Unlike Der Sieg des Glaubens, Riefenstahl shot Triumph of the Will with a bigger budget, extensive preparations, and vital help from high...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Response
Triumph of the Will premiered on March 28, 1935 at the Berlin Ufa Palace Theater and was an instant success. Within two months the film h...
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Operation Silver Fox: Encyclopedia Ii - Operation Silver Fox - Planning And Preparation
In January 1941, German officer Erich Buschenhagen was ordered to Finland to discuss the possibility of a Finnish-German cooperative effo...
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German Army: Encyclopedia Ii - German Army - Current Army
German Army - Structure.
The modern German Army (Deutsches Heer) is one of the largest in Europe, with a total of 185,000 men. Currentl...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Controversy
Like Battleship Potemkin and The Birth of a Nation, Triumph of the Will has been accused of using spectacular filmmaking to promote a mon...
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Encyclopedia
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Influences And Legacy
According to the History Place, "The legacy of Triumph of the Will lives on today in the numerous TV documentaries concerning the Nazi er...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Influence
Blitzkrieg's widest influence was within the Western Allied leadership of the war, some of whom drew inspiration from the Wehrmacht's app...
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Opposing Forces In The Polish September Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Opposing Forces In The Polish September Campaign - Poland
Opposing forces in the Polish September Campaign - Economic base.
Between 1936 and 1939, Poland invested heavily in industrialization o...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Operations In The Second World War
Blitzkrieg - Poland and France 1939–40.
Despite the term blitzkrieg being coined during the Polish September Campaign of 1939, histor...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Operations In The Second World War
Blitzkrieg - Poland 1939.
Despite the term blitzkrieg being coined during the Polish September Campaign of 1939, historians generally h...
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German Army: Encyclopedia Ii - German Army - History
German Army - Pre 1914.
Following the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo the Prussian Kingdom had years of military successes...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Interwar Period
Blitzkrieg - Reichswehr.
Blitzkrieg's immediate development began with Germany's defeat in the First World War. Shortly after the war, ...
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Opposing Forces In The Polish September Campaign: Encyclopedia Ii - Opposing Forces In The Polish September Campaign - Germany
Opposing forces in the Polish September Campaign - Economic base.
Germany was only moderately prepared for the invasion of Poland; stoc...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Influence
Blitzkrieg's widest influence was within the Western Allied leadership of the war, some of whom drew inspiration from the Wehrmacht's app...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Interwar Period
Blitzkrieg - Reichswehr.
Blitzkrieg's immediate development began with Germany's defeat in the First World War. Shortly after the war, ...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Methods Of Operations
Blitzkrieg - Schwerpunkt.
Blitzkrieg sought decisive actions at all times. To this end, the theory of a schwerpunkt (focal point) devel...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Countermeasures And Limitations
Blitzkrieg - Terrain.
Blitzkrieg was largely dependent upon terrain and weather conditions. Where the ability for rapid movement across...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Etymology And Modern Meaning
Though "blitzkrieg" is a German word (literally "lightning war", meaning "a war as fast as a lightning"), the word did not originate from...
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13th Waffen Mountain Division Of The Ss Handschar 1st Croatian: Encyclopedia Ii - 13th Waffen Mountain Division Of The Ss Handschar 1st Croatian - History
13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Handschar 1st Croatian - Formation and Training.
In the fall of 1942, SS Reichsfuhrer Heinrich ...
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Operation Silver Fox: Encyclopedia Ii - Operation Silver Fox - Twin Assaults
On June 29th, Polarfuchs and Platinfuchs were launched.
In the North, Dietl's attack got underway, opposing his force were two Soviet div...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Changing Interpretations Of Blitzkrieg
Beginning in the 1970s, the interpretation of Blitzkrieg, particularly with respect to the Second World War, has undergone a shift in the...
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9th Ss Panzer Division Hohenstaufen: Encyclopedia Ii - 9th Ss Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Formation / Eastern Front
The 9. SS-Panzer-Division Hohenstaufen was formed, along with its sister formation 10. SS-Panzer-Division Frundsberg, in France in Februa...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Etymology And Modern Meaning
Though "blitzkrieg" is a German word (literally "lightning war", meaning "a war as fast as a lightning"), the word did not originate from...
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Operation Silver Fox: Encyclopedia Ii - Operation Silver Fox - Conclusion
The failure of Silberfuchs was to have a lasting effect on the course of the war. While the rest of the Russian lines had collapsed in 19...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Methods Of Operations
Blitzkrieg - Schwerpunkt.
Blitzkrieg sought decisive actions at all times. To this end, the theory of a schwerpunkt (focal point) devel...
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Blitzkrieg: Encyclopedia Ii - Blitzkrieg - Countermeasures And Limitations
Blitzkrieg - Terrain.
Blitzkrieg was largely dependent upon terrain and weather conditions. Where the ability for rapid movement across...
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German General Staff: Encyclopedia Ii - German General Staff - History
Prussia was first among nations to create a separate standing unit dedicated entirely to the rational planning of all aspects of war. It ...
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German Iii Corps: Encyclopedia Ii - German Iii Corps - Orders Of Battle
German III Corps - III.Armeekorps May 1940 - Fall Gelb.
Stab der Korps
Arko 3
Korps-Nachrichten-Abteilung 43
Korps-Nachschubtruppen 4...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Themes
"[Triumph of the Will is] the supreme visualisation in cinematic form of the Nazi political religion. Its artistry, reinforced by the gra...
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Triumph Of The Will: Encyclopedia Ii - Triumph Of The Will - Themes
"[Triumph of the Will is] the supreme visualisation in cinematic form of the Nazi political religion. Its artistry, reinforced by the gra...
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Colonel General: Encyclopedia Ii - Colonel General - Germany
A Colonel General (Generaloberst) was the second highest General Officer rank — below Field Marshal (Generalfeldmarschall) — in the P...
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Sturmtiger: Encyclopedia Ii - Sturmtiger - Development
The idea for a heavy infantry support vehicle capable of demolishing heavily defended buildings or fortified areas with a single shot cam...
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Panzer: Encyclopedia Ii - Panzer - German Panzers
Panzer is also an abbreviation of the WWII German designation for tanks, Panzerkampfwagen ("armoured combat vehicle", abbreviated PzKpfw)...
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Battle Of Sevastopol: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Sevastopol - Forces
The German 11th Army was besiging Sevastopol; commanded by Erich von Manstein, it consisted of seven German infantry divisions in two cor...
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9th Ss Panzer Division Hohenstaufen: Encyclopedia Ii - 9th Ss Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Western Front - Normandy
Hohenstaufen suffered losses from Allied Jabos (fighter-bombers) during its move to Normandy, delaying its arrival until 26 June 1944. Th...
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9th Ss Panzer Division Hohenstaufen: Encyclopedia Ii - 9th Ss Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Arnhem
Upon arriving in the Arnhem area, the division began the task of refitting. The majority of the remaining armoured vehicles were loaded o...
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9th Ss Panzer Division Hohenstaufen: Encyclopedia Ii - 9th Ss Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Refitting And The Ardennes Offensive
After the battle of Arnhem, Hohenstaufen moved to Paderborn for a much-needed rest and refit. On 12 December 1944, the division moved sou...
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9th Ss Panzer Division Hohenstaufen: Encyclopedia Ii - 9th Ss Panzer Division Hohenstaufen - Hungary - Operation Frühlingserwachen
Throughout the rest of January 1945, Hohenstaufen was involved in a fighting withdrawal to the German border. At the end of the month, th...
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German Iii Corps: Encyclopedia Ii - German Iii Corps - Iii Armeekorps History
The III Corps was formed in October 1934 as III. Armeekorps. The corps took part in Fall Weiss, the 1939 invasion of Poland as a part of ...
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German Iii Corps: Encyclopedia Ii - German Iii Corps - Iii Panzerkorps History
III Panzerkorps was formed in June 1942 from III. Armeekorps. The Panzerkorps was now attached to Heeresgruppe A, the formation tasked wi...
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Battle Dress Uniform: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Dress Uniform - History
It was the Germans, just before World War Two, who pioneered the widespread application of camouflage patterns to military uniforms. Afte...
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Volkspolizei: Encyclopedia Ii - Volkspolizei - History
Volkspolizei - Foundation.
The Volkspolizei was effectively founded just following World War II, when, in total violation of the Yalta ...
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Jörg Friedrich: Encyclopedia Ii - Jörg Friedrich - Analysis Of Friedrich's Position
As a left wing historian who has written strongly on the horrors committed by the German state under the Nazis, Friedrich's position has,...
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Walter Ernsting: Encyclopedia Ii - Walter Ernsting - Biography
After growing up in Koblenz, Ernsting was drafted into the German Wehrmacht shortly after the beginning of World War II. He served in an ...
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Beatrix Of The Netherlands: Encyclopedia Ii - Beatrix Of The Netherlands - Political Involvement And Marriage
Her appearance on the political scene was almost immediately marked with controversy. Her marriage to German diplomat Claus von Amsberg, ...
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Operation Tempest: Encyclopedia Ii - Operation Tempest - History
Operation Tempest - Plan.
The Home Army had from its inception been preparing a national armed rising against the Germans. The basic fr...
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Heinrich Böll: Encyclopedia Ii - Heinrich Böll - Biography
Böll was born in Cologne, Germany to a liberal, Catholic, pacifistic family. He successfully resisted joining the Hitler Youth during th...
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Ferdinand Schörner: Encyclopedia Ii - Ferdinand Schörner - Ww I Interwar
He was born in Munich, Bavaria. A noted veteran of the World War I, winning the Pour le Mérite in 1917, Schörner served as a staff memb...
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German Order Of Battle For Operation Fall Weiss: Encyclopedia Ii - German Order Of Battle For Operation Fall Weiss - Army Group North
Army Group North was commanded by Colonel General Fedor von Bock. Its initial objectives were to capture the "Polish Corridor" (4th Army)...
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Konrad Lorenz: Encyclopedia Ii - Konrad Lorenz - Biography
Lorenz was a professor at the University of Vienna from 1928 to 1935 and a professor of psychology at the Immanuel Kant University in Kö...
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17th Ss Panzergrenadier Division Götz Von Berlichingen: Encyclopedia Ii - 17th Ss Panzergrenadier Division Götz Von Berlichingen - Formation And Training
The 17th SS Panzergrenadier Division was raised near Poitiers, France in October 1943. It was formed from scratch, with the majority of i...
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W. G. Sebald: Encyclopedia Ii - W. G. Sebald - Life
Sebald grew up in a Bavarian village, one of four children of Rosa and Georg Sebald. His father joined the Reichswehr in 1929 and remaine...
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Wilhelm Keitel: Encyclopedia Ii - Wilhelm Keitel - Okw And World War Ii
In 1937, Keitel received a promotion to General, and in the following year, in the wake of the Blomberg-Fritsch Affair and the replacemen...
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Polish 1st Armoured Division: Encyclopedia Ii - Polish 1st Armoured Division - History
In the early stages the division was stationed in Scotland and guarded approximately 200 kilometres of British coast.
Polish 1st Armoure...
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Sven Hassel: Encyclopedia Ii - Sven Hassel - Biography
Hassel's biography is disputed (see below). He claims that he was born as Sven Pedersen at Frederiksborg, Zealand, Denmark. He later adop...
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Sturmgewehr 44: Encyclopedia Ii - Sturmgewehr 44 - Background
In the early stages of the war, the Wehrmacht's medium machine guns proved to be far too large to be operated on the move, meaning that t...
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Tiger I: Encyclopedia Ii - Tiger I - Design History
Henschel & Sohn began development of the Tiger in spring of 1937. After various side-tracks, in 1941 Henschel and three other compani...
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T-28: Encyclopedia Ii - T-28 - Evaluation
Although the T-28 was rightly considered ineffective by 1941, it is worth remembering that when the Red Army was fielding the first T-28s...
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Rudolf Kirchschläger: Encyclopedia Ii - Rudolf Kirchschläger - Education And Early Life
Kirschläger was orphaned at the age of 11. He graduated from High School in Horn in 1935 with distinction and started to study law at th...
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Yugoslavia: Encyclopedia Ii - Yugoslavia - Yugoslavia During The Second World War
At 05:15 on April 6, 1941, German, Italian, Hungarian, and Bulgarian forces attacked Yugoslavia. The Luftwaffe bombed Belgrade and other ...
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Battle Of Brześć Litewski: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Brześć Litewski - After The Battle
On September 17, 1939, the Red Army finally crossed the Polish border and started its quick advance westwards. The Soviet 29th tank briga...
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Battle Of Wizna: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Wizna - Casualties
Exact Polish losses are unknown, mostly because very little is known of the soldiers that were taken POW by the Germans. It is estimated ...
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Pseudo-anglicism: Encyclopedia Ii - Pseudo-anglicism - Pseudo-germanisms
Examples of German words in English which have adapted:
Blitz - ("The Blitz") the sustained attack by the German Luftwaffe from 1940-194...
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Battle Of Sevastopol: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Sevastopol - Battle
At the first attempt of the German assault, consisting of two infantry divisions and one motorized brigade, tried to burst into the city ...
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German Order Of Battle For Operation Fall Weiss: Encyclopedia Ii - German Order Of Battle For Operation Fall Weiss - Army Group South
Army Group South was commanded by Colonel General Gerd von Rundstedt. Its initial objective was to drive from Silesia towards Warsaw (8th...
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Józef Cyrankiewicz: Encyclopedia Ii - Józef Cyrankiewicz - World War Ii
Active in the Armia Krajowa, the Polish resistance, from the beginning of Poland's 1939 defeat at the start of World War II, Cyrankiewicz...
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Awards And Decorations Of Nazi Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Awards And Decorations Of Nazi Germany - Pre-nazi Awards
The following decorations were created before 1933, however, where displayed and worn by a large number of Nazi Party and Wehrmacht perso...
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17th Ss Panzergrenadier Division Götz Von Berlichingen: Encyclopedia Ii - 17th Ss Panzergrenadier Division Götz Von Berlichingen - Battles For Normandy
After the D-Day allied invasion, the Götz von Berlichingen was ordered to Normandy to take part in the efforts to reduce the allied beac...
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Su-122: Encyclopedia Ii - Su-122 - History
The SU-122 was an assault gun which used the hull of the T-34 tank and was the result of an April 1942 specification for assault guns aim...
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Partisans Yugoslavia: Encyclopedia Ii - Partisans Yugoslavia - Origins
The Yugoslav Partisans went under the official name of People's Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia (Narodno-oslobodil...
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Wehrmacht: Encyclopedia Ii - Wehrmacht - History
After World War I ended with the capitulation of the German empire the treaty of Versailles imposed severe restrictions on Germany's mili...
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Wehrmacht: Encyclopedia Ii - Wehrmacht - War Years
Image:Rommel Africa color 210.jpg
Powerful tank and air forces enabled quick successes during early stages of the war when nation after n...
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