Warsaw (Polish Warszawa, [varˈʂava](?), in full The Capital City of Warsaw, Polish: Miasto Stołeczne Warszawa) is the capital of Poland and its largest city. It is located on the Vistula river roughly 350 km from both the Baltic Sea coast and the Carpathian Mountains. Its population as of 2004 was estimated at 1,692,900, with an urban agglomeration of approximately 2,760,000. The city area amounts to 516.9 km², with an urban agglomeration of 6100,43 km² (Warsaw Metrop ...

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Warsaw - Location Warsaw - Climate Warsaw - History
Warsaw - Famous people
Warsaw - Population
Warsaw - Historical population
Warsaw - Municipal government
Warsaw - Administrative division Warsaw - The mayor the President of Warsaw Warsaw - Municipal government
Warsaw - Politics Warsaw - Transport
Warsaw - Roads and highways Warsaw - Airports Warsaw - Mass transit Warsaw - Railway
Warsaw - Sports Warsaw - Culture
Warsaw - Theatre Warsaw - Museums and art galleries Warsaw - Film
Warsaw - Education Warsaw - Economy
Warsaw - Business and commerce Warsaw - Stock Exchange Warsaw - Industry
Warsaw - Tourist attractions

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Warsaw, Warsaw - Location, Warsaw - Climate, Warsaw - History, Warsaw - Famous people, Warsaw - Population, Warsaw - Historical population, Warsaw - Municipal government, Warsaw - Administrative division, Warsaw - The mayor the President of Warsaw, Warsaw - Municipal government, Warsaw - Politics, Warsaw - Transport, Warsaw - Roads and highways, Warsaw - Airports, Warsaw - Mass transit, Warsaw - Railway, Warsaw - Sports, Warsaw - Culture, Warsaw - Theatre, Warsaw - Music, Warsaw - Museums and art galleries, Warsaw - Film, Warsaw - Education, Warsaw - Economy, Warsaw - Business and commerce, Warsaw - Stock Exchange, Warsaw - Industry, Warsaw - Tourist attractions, Warsaw - Trivia

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Although Warsaw was heavily damaged during World War II and reconstruction in the fifties widened many streets, the city is currently plagued with traffic problems. Public transportation in Warsaw is as efficient as it is ubiquitous, serving the city with buses, tramways, and a recently opened metro. Warsaw - Roads and highways. Warsaw lacks a good circular road system and most of the East-West traffic goes directly through the city center. Currently two circular roads are under construction. The first (ca ...

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Warsaw, Warsaw - Location, Warsaw - Climate, Warsaw - History, Warsaw - Famous people, Warsaw - Population, Warsaw - Historical population, Warsaw - Municipal government, Warsaw - Administrative division, Warsaw - The mayor the President of Warsaw, Warsaw - Municipal government, Warsaw - Politics, Warsaw - Transport, Warsaw - Roads and highways, Warsaw - Airports, Warsaw - Mass transit, Warsaw - Railway, Warsaw - Sports, Warsaw - Culture, Warsaw - Theatre, Warsaw - Music, Warsaw - Museums and art galleries, Warsaw - Film, Warsaw - Education, Warsaw - Economy, Warsaw - Business and commerce, Warsaw - Stock Exchange, Warsaw - Industry, Warsaw - Tourist attractions, Warsaw - Trivia

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The first fortified settlements on the site of today's Warsaw were Bródno (9th/10th century) and Jazdów (12th/13th century). After Jazdów was raided in 1281 by Boleslaus II, the Duke of Płock, a new similar settlement was lodged on the grounds of a small fishing village called Warszowa. In the beginning of the 14th century it became one of the seats of the Dukes of Masovia, in 1413 becoming the capital of Masovia. Upon the extinction of the local ducal line, the duchy was reincorporated into the Polish Crown in 1526. In 1529 Warsaw for t ...

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Warsaw, Warsaw - Location, Warsaw - Climate, Warsaw - History, Warsaw - Famous people, Warsaw - Population, Warsaw - Historical population, Warsaw - Municipal government, Warsaw - Administrative division, Warsaw - The mayor the President of Warsaw, Warsaw - Municipal government, Warsaw - Politics, Warsaw - Transport, Warsaw - Roads and highways, Warsaw - Airports, Warsaw - Mass transit, Warsaw - Railway, Warsaw - Sports, Warsaw - Culture, Warsaw - Theatre, Warsaw - Museums and art galleries, Warsaw - Film, Warsaw - Education, Warsaw - Economy, Warsaw - Business and commerce, Warsaw - Stock Exchange, Warsaw - Industry, Warsaw - Tourist attractions

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The first fortified settlements on the site of today's Warsaw were Bródno (9th/10th century) and Jazdów (12th/13th century). After Jazdów was raided in 1281 by Boleslaus II, the Duke of Płock, a new similar settlement was lodged on the grounds of a small fishing village called Warszowa. In the beginning of the 14th century it became one of the seats of the Dukes of Masovia, in 1413 becoming the capital of Masovia. Upon the extinction of the local ducal line, the duchy was reincorporated into the Polish Crown in 1526. In 1529 Warsaw for t ...

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Warsaw, Warsaw - Location, Warsaw - Climate, Warsaw - History, Warsaw - Famous people, Warsaw - Population, Warsaw - Historical population, Warsaw - Municipal government, Warsaw - Administrative division, Warsaw - The mayor the President of Warsaw, Warsaw - Municipal government, Warsaw - Politics, Warsaw - Transport, Warsaw - Roads and highways, Warsaw - Airports, Warsaw - Mass transit, Warsaw - Railway, Warsaw - Sports, Warsaw - Culture, Warsaw - Theatre, Warsaw - Music, Warsaw - Museums and art galleries, Warsaw - Film, Warsaw - Education, Warsaw - Economy, Warsaw - Business and commerce, Warsaw - Stock Exchange, Warsaw - Industry, Warsaw - Tourist attractions, Warsaw - Trivia

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The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, sometimes called the Warsaw Uprising 1943, was a Jewish insurrection in Poland's Warsaw Ghetto against Nazi Germany during World War II. The main resistance lasted from April 19, 1943 to May 16 that year and was finally crushed by SS-Gruppenführer (then Brigadeführer) Jürgen Stroop. The significant precursor to the main uprising was an armed civilian action launched against the Germans on January 18, 1943. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising is not to be confused with the Warsaw Uprising whic ...

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Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Background Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - The fight Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Aftermath and Death Toll Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Relation to 1944 Warsaw Uprising Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - In Israel Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - Further information

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The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest of the Jewish ghettos established by Nazi Germany in General Government during the Holocaust in World War II. In the three years of its existence, starvation, disease and deportations to concentration camps and extermination camps dropped the population of the ghetto from an estimated 450,000 to 37,000. The Warsaw Ghetto was the scene of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, one of the first mass uprisings against Nazi occupation in Europe. Warsaw Ghetto - Formation of the Ghetto. Pl ...

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Warsaw Ghetto - Formation of the Ghetto Warsaw Ghetto - Destruction of the Ghetto Warsaw Ghetto - Warsaw Ghetto Uprising and the destruction of the Ghetto Warsaw Ghetto - Social and cultural life in the ghetto Warsaw Ghetto - Commemoration Warsaw Ghetto - Famous Ghetto prisoners

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The Warsaw Confederation (January 28, 1573), an important development in the history of Poland, is considered the formal beginning of religious freedom in Poland. While it did not prevent all conflict based on religion, it did make the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth a much safer and more tolerant place than most of contemporaneous Europe, especially during the subsequent Thirty Years' War. Religious tolerance in Poland had had a long tradition and had been de facto policy in the reign of the recently deceased King Zygmun ...

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Warsaw Confederation - Reference

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Build up The Battle Lack of outside support Capitulation Aftereffects Cultural representations Military participants Notable People Facts and figures The Warsaw Uprising (Powstanie Warszawskie) was an armed struggle during the Second World War by the Polish Home Army (Armia Krajowa) to liberate Warsaw from German occupation and Nazi rule. It started on August 1, 1944, as a part of a nationwide uprising, Operation Tem ...

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Warsaw Uprising - Eve of the battle
Warsaw Uprising - Opposing forces
Warsaw Uprising - The battle Warsaw Uprising - Life behind the front lines Warsaw Uprising - Lack of outside support Warsaw Uprising - The capitulation
Warsaw Uprising - Destruction of the city Warsaw Uprising - Liberation of the ruins
Warsaw Uprising - The legacy
Warsaw Uprising - After the war
Warsaw Uprising - Note

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The Marie Sklodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology in Warsaw was founded in 1932 as the Radium Institute by Maria Sklodowska-Curie herself in cooperation with the Polish Government (especially President Ignacy Moscicki). After the World War II, the Institute changed its name into Marie Sklodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology. Today, it works as a specialised health institute of the Polish Ministry of Health. It has also regional branches in Gliwice and Kraków. It is the leading and m ...

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The Warsaw Pact or Warsaw Treaty, officially named the Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation and Mutual Assistance, was a military organization of Central and Eastern European Communist states. It was established in 1955 to counter the perceived threat from the NATO alliance (which had been established in 1949). The creation of the Warsaw Pact was prompted by the integration of a "re-militarized" West Germany into NATO via ratification of the Paris Agreements. The Pact lasted throughout the Cold War until, following the col ...

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Warsaw Pact - Members Warsaw Pact - History Warsaw Pact - Post-Warsaw Pact

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Alfred Tarski (January 14, 1901 in Warsaw – October 26, 1983 in Berkeley, USA) was a Polish mathematician, and widely considered one of the four greatest logicians of all time, along with Aristotle, Gottlob Frege, and Kurt Gödel. Tarski wrote on algebra, algebraic logic, measure theory, mathematical logic, set theory, and metamathematics. See Truth for a brief description of the "Convention T" (see also T-schema) standard in his "inductive definition of truth". This was an important contribution to symbol ...

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Alfred Tarski - The concept of truth in formalized languages Alfred Tarski - On the concept of logical consequence Alfred Tarski - What are logical notions?

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Witold Pilecki (May 13, 1901 – May 25, 1948; pronounced ['vitɔld pi'leʦki]; codenames Roman Jezierski, Tomasz Serafiński, Druh, Witold) was a soldier of the Second Polish Republic, founder of the resistance movement Secret Polish Army (Tajna Armia Polska) and member of the Home Army (Armia Krajowa). During World War II he was the only known person to volunteer to be imprisoned at Auschwitz Concentration Camp. While there, he organized inmate resistance, and as early as 1940 informed the Western Allies of Nazi ...

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Witold Pilecki - Biography
Witold Pilecki - Pilecki's early life Witold Pilecki - World War II breaks out Witold Pilecki - The Auschwitz campaign: 945 days Witold Pilecki - Back outside Auschwitz: the Warsaw Uprising. Witold Pilecki - Liberation: Soviet-dominated Poland
Witold Pilecki - Summary of Pilecki's Polish Army career

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Armoured warfare in modern warfare is understood to be the use of armoured fighting vehicles as a central component of the methods of war. Armoured warfare - First World War. Modern armoured warfare began with the development of the tank during the First World War. Following the First World War, the technical and doctrinal aspects of armoured warfare became more sophisticated and diverged into multiple schools. Ancient warfare, Modern warfare, Hist ...

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Armoured warfare - First World War Armoured warfare - The inter-war period Armoured warfare - Second World War Armoured warfare - Arab-Israeli wars Armoured warfare - NATO and Warsaw Pact Armoured warfare - Tank tactics Armoured warfare - Airborne threats Armoured warfare - Support

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The Warsaw dialect became a separate dialect of the Polish language some time in 18th century, when the Polish substratum was enriched with many borrowed words from the Masovian dialect. The mixture was then heavily influenced by the languages spoken by the burghers of Warsaw and the royal court of Poland. These included the Italian, Yiddish, French, Latin and English. In 19th century during the Partitions of Poland the dialect incorporated a great number of bo ...

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Warsaw dialect, Warsaw dialect - Classification, Warsaw dialect - Geographic distribution, Warsaw dialect - History, Warsaw dialect - Sub-dialects, Warsaw dialect - Derived dialects, Warsaw dialect - Sounds, Warsaw dialect - Vowels, Warsaw dialect - Consonants, Warsaw dialect - Grammar, Warsaw dialect - Vocabulary, Warsaw dialect - Writing system, Warsaw dialect - External link:

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As mentioned above, the Warsaw dialect includes a large set of borrowed words from a variety of languages. ...

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Warsaw dialect, Warsaw dialect - Classification, Warsaw dialect - Geographic distribution, Warsaw dialect - History, Warsaw dialect - Sub-dialects, Warsaw dialect - Derived dialects, Warsaw dialect - Sounds, Warsaw dialect - Vowels, Warsaw dialect - Consonants, Warsaw dialect - Grammar, Warsaw dialect - Vocabulary, Warsaw dialect - Writing system, Warsaw dialect - External link:

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Warsaw University - 1816-1831. The Royal University of Warsaw was established in 1816, when the partitions of Poland separated Warsaw from the oldest and most influential academic center in Kraków. The School of Law and the Medical School were first established in the Duchy of Warsaw. In 1816 Alexander I permitted the Polish authorities to create a university, composed of five faculties: Law and Administration, Medicine, Philosophy, Theology and Art and Humanities. Soon the university grew and the number of students reached 8 ...

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Warsaw University, Warsaw University - History, Warsaw University - 1816-1831, Warsaw University - 1857-1869, Warsaw University - 1870-1915, Warsaw University - 1915-1918, Warsaw University - 1918-1939, Warsaw University - 1939-1944, Warsaw University - 1945-1956, Warsaw University - 1956-1989, Warsaw University - Campus, Warsaw University - Faculties, Warsaw University - Other units, Warsaw University - Institutions, Warsaw University - Notable alumni, Warsaw University - Notable professors

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The basic sounds of the Warsaw dialect were those of the Polish language, with several notable differences. See Polish language for comparison. Warsaw dialect - Vowels. The most important differences between the Polish language and the Warsaw dialect are the following: Warsaw dialect - Consonants. ...

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Warsaw dialect, Warsaw dialect - Classification, Warsaw dialect - Geographic distribution, Warsaw dialect - History, Warsaw dialect - Sub-dialects, Warsaw dialect - Derived dialects, Warsaw dialect - Sounds, Warsaw dialect - Vowels, Warsaw dialect - Consonants, Warsaw dialect - Grammar, Warsaw dialect - Vocabulary, Warsaw dialect - Writing system, Warsaw dialect - External link:

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The Citadel was built by personal order of Tsar Nicholas I after the 1830 November Uprising. Its chief architect, Major General Ivan Dehn, used the plan of a fortress in Antwerp as the basis for his own plan. The cornerstone was laid by Field Marshal Ivan Paskevich, de facto viceroy of Russian Poland. The fortress is a pentagon-shaped brick structure with high outer walls, enclosing an area of 36 hectares. Its construction required the demolition of 76 residential buildings and the for ...

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Warsaw Citadel, Warsaw Citadel - History

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The Warsaw dialect is composed mostly of the Polish language substratum, with notable (mostly lexical) influences from the Masovian dialect of Polish, as well as Russian, German, Yiddish and other languages. The dialect was composed of a variety of different class dialects: the language of the suburbs differed from the language of the city centre and each professional group used its own version of the dialect, slightly different from the others. It is there ...

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Warsaw dialect, Warsaw dialect - Classification, Warsaw dialect - Geographic distribution, Warsaw dialect - History, Warsaw dialect - Sub-dialects, Warsaw dialect - Derived dialects, Warsaw dialect - Sounds, Warsaw dialect - Vowels, Warsaw dialect - Consonants, Warsaw dialect - Grammar, Warsaw dialect - Vocabulary, Warsaw dialect - Writing system, Warsaw dialect - External link:

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