Wang Mang

Wang Mang (王莽, pinyin: Wáng Măng) (45 BC–October 6, 23), courtesy name Jujun (巨君), was a Han Dynasty official who seized the throne from the Liu family and founded Xin (or Hsin) Dynasty (新朝, meaning "new dynasty"), ruling AD 8–23. The Han dynasty was restored after his overthrow, and historians have traditionally viewed Wang as a "usurper," while some others have portrayed him as a visionary and selfless social reformer. Though a learned Confucian scholar who sought to implement the harmonious society he ...

Including:

• Wang Mang - Early life and career
• Wang Mang - First tenure as the commander of the armed forces
• Wang Mang - Retirement during Emperor Ai's reign
• Wang Mang - Regency and buildup of personality cult
• Wang Mang - As acting emperor
• Wang Mang - Early reign: mistakes
• Wang Mang - Economic policies
• Wang Mang - Deterioration of the relationship with Xiongnu and other vassals
• Wang Mang - Paralysis and corruption of the government
• Wang Mang - Middle reign: agrarian rebellions
• Wang Mang - Late reign: hopelessness
• Wang Mang - Reasons for Wang Mang's failure
• Wang Mang - Personal information

Read more here: » Wang Mang: Encyclopedia - Wang Mang

Early in his reign, now-Emperor Wang Mang was self-confident and believed that he now had the power to implement his ideals of restoring the legendary golden age of the early Zhou Dynasty. To those ends, he modified the governmental structure in many ways to conform with Zhou standards. He also continued the regime of modifying geographical names to fit with ancient names (or more euphemistic names, as he saw fit) -- so much so that even imperial edicts discussing the locations by their new names were forced to include notes on the old names ...

See also:

Wang Mang, Wang Mang - Early life and career, Wang Mang - First tenure as the commander of the armed forces, Wang Mang - Retirement during Emperor Ai's reign, Wang Mang - Regency and buildup of personality cult, Wang Mang - As acting emperor, Wang Mang - Early reign: mistakes, Wang Mang - Economic policies, Wang Mang - Deterioration of the relationship with Xiongnu and other vassals, Wang Mang - Paralysis and corruption of the government, Wang Mang - Middle reign: agrarian rebellions, Wang Mang - Late reign: hopelessness, Wang Mang - Reasons for Wang Mang's failure, Wang Mang - Personal information

Read more here: » Wang Mang: Encyclopedia II - Wang Mang - Early reign: mistakes

  This article is about the year 8. For other uses of 8, see 8 (number). 8 - Events. Ovid is banished to the Black Sea. Vipsania Julia banished The Ara Pacis ("altar to peace") is built by Augustus. Marcus Furius Camillus, Sextus Nonius Quinctilianus, suff. Lucius Apronius become Roman Consuls Vonones I becomes king of Parthia. Start of Chushi era of the Chinese Han Dynasty Wang Mang seizes power in China and establishes the short-live ...

Including:

• 8 - Events
• 8 - Births
• 8 - Deaths

Read more here: » 8: Encyclopedia - 8

A Chinese clan (会馆, pinyin: Huìgǔan) is a patrilineal and patrilocal group of related Chinese people with a common surname and sharing a common ancestor and, in many cases, an ancestral village (see clan). Clan loyalties tend to be very strong in the south of China, and to a large extent are reinforced by ties to the ancestral village, common property, and often a common spoken Chinese dialect which can be unintelligible to people outside the village. Clan structures tend to be weaker in the north of China, clan members do not usually resid ...

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The consort clan (外戚 Pinyin: wàiqī) is the family, clan or a group related to a spouse or an empress dowager of the Chinese dynastic ruler or a warlord. The leading figure of the clan was either a sibling, cousin, or parent of the consort or concubine. Consort clan - Famous leading figures. Consort clan - Han Dynasty. Wang Mang - nephew of Empress Dowager Wang, cousin of Emperor Cheng of Han China and founder of the Xin Dynasty. Dou Xian - brother of ...

Including:

• Consort clan - Famous leading figures
• Consort clan - Han Dynasty
• Consort clan - Three Kingdoms
• Consort clan - Jin Dynasty 265-420
• Consort clan - Tang Dynasty

Read more here: » Consort clan: Encyclopedia - Consort clan

China is one of the world's oldest continuous major civilizations, with written records dating back 3,500 years. Turtle shells with markings reminiscent of ancient Chinese writing from the Shang Dynasty (商朝) have been carbon dated to around 1,500 BC. These records suggest that the origins of Chinese civilization started with city-states that may go back more than 5,000 years. Two thousand years ago is c ...

Including:

• History of China - Prehistoric times
• History of China - Ancient histories
• History of China - Xia Dynasty
• History of China - Shang Dynasty
• History of China - Zhou Dynasty
• History of China - Qin Dynasty: The first Chinese Empire
• History of China - Han Dynasty: A period of prosperity
• History of China - Jin the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Northern and Southern Dynasties
• History of China - Sui Dynasty: Reunification
• History of China - Tang Dynasty: Return to prosperity
• History of China - Song Dynasty and its northern neighbors the Liao and the Jin
• History of China - Mongols and the Yuan Dynasty
• History of China - Ming Dynasty: Revival of Chinese culture
• History of China - Qing Dynasty
• History of China - The Republic of China
• History of China - Post modern independence

Read more here: » History of China: Encyclopedia - History of China

23 - Events. Greek geographer Strabo publishes Geography, a work covering the world known to the Romans and Greeks at the time of Emperor Augustus - it is the only such book to survive from the ancient world. Liu Xuan, a descendant of the Han Dynasty royal family and leader of insurgents against the Xin Dynasty, proclaims himself emperor against Wang Mang. Tiberius lost his son Julius Caesar Drusus, and from then on seems to have lost interest in the Empire and occupied himself with ...

Including:

• 23 - Events
• 23 - Births
• 23 - Deaths

Read more here: » 23: Encyclopedia - 23

Yarkand (modern Chinese name 叶城, pinyin: Yèchéng, also Chokkuka, anciently Suoju 莎車, also written Shache and Suoche; 37°52′N 77°24′E alt. about 1,189 m. or 3,900 ft.; pop. about 72,000 in 1990), was an ancient Buddhist kingdom located between Pishan and Kashgar on the branch of the Silk Road that ran along the southern edge of the Taklamakan desert in the Tarim Basin. ...

Including:

• Yarkand - Neighbours
• Yarkand - History

Read more here: » Yarkand: Encyclopedia - Yarkand

The Xin Dynasty (新朝, meaning New Dynasty) (8-23) was a "dynasty" (even though, contrary to the usual meaning of a dynasty, it had but one emperor) in Chinese history. It followed the Western Han Dynasty and preceded the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Xin Dynasty's sole emperor, Wang Mang(王莽), was the nephew of Grand Empress Dowager Wang Zhengjun, and he became powerful after the death of her step-grandson, Emperor Ai in 1 BC. After several years of cultivating a personality cult, he finally took over as emperor in 8 AD ...

Read more here: » Xin Dynasty: Encyclopedia - Xin Dynasty

The Yellow Turban Rebellion, sometimes also translated as the Yellow Scarves Rebellion, (Simplified: 黄巾之乱; Traditional: 黃巾之亂; Hanyu Pinyin: Huáng Jīn Zhī Luàn) was a 184 AD peasant rebellion against Emperor Lingdi of the Han Dynasty of China. It is named for the color of the scarves which the rebels wore around their heads. The rebels were associated with secret Taiping Taoist societies and the rebellion marked an important point in the history of Taoism. The rebellion is the ope ...

Including:

• Yellow Turban Rebellion - Causes
• Yellow Turban Rebellion - The rebels
• Yellow Turban Rebellion - Military action
• Yellow Turban Rebellion - Aftermath
• Yellow Turban Rebellion - Literary Impact

Read more here: » Yellow Turban Rebellion: Encyclopedia - Yellow Turban Rebellion

Well-field system (Chinese: 井田制度; Hanyu Pinyin: Jǐngtián zhìdù) was a Chinese land distribution method since at least 9th century BC (late Western Zhou Dynasty). It is named after the Chinese character for well (井 jǐng), which looks like the # symbol and represents the theoretical appearance for a piece of land under such an organization: the eight surrounding outer blocks being private (私田; sītián), and the central ...

Read more here: » Well-field system: Encyclopedia - Well-field system

45 BC - Events. Rome January 1 - Julian calendar goes into effect March 17 - In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the younger in the Battle of Munda. Pompey the younger was excuted, and Labienus died in battle, but Sextus Pompey escaped to take command of the remnants of the Pompeian fleet. The veterans of Julius Caesar's Legions Legio XIII Gemina and Legio X Equestris dembobilized. The veterans of ...

Including:

• 45 BC - Events
• 45 BC - Births
• 45 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 45 BC: Encyclopedia - 45 BC

24 - Events. June Battle of Kunyang, After being sieged for 2 months, 9000 insurgents under Liu Xiu defeat 450,000 of Wang Mang's troops, ushering in the fall of Wang Mang and restoration of Han Dynasty. Roman war against Numidia and Mauritania ends. End of the Masinissa line of the rulers of Carthage. Servius Cornelius Cethegus and Lucius Visellius Varro become consuls Charmides becomes Archon of Athens Ascension of King Yuri to the Silla throne Including:

• 24 - Events
• 24 - Births
• 24 - Deaths

Read more here: » 24: Encyclopedia - 24

  This article is about the year 9. For other uses of 9, see 9 (number). 9 - Events. Wang Mang founds the short-lived Xin Dynasty in China (until A.D. 25). Illyria is turned into a province after a revolt has been defeated. Pannonia becomes a Roman province. The Rhine River is established as the boundary between the Latin and German speaking worlds with the Roman defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. Legio II Augusta, XX Valeria Victri ...

Including:

• 9 - Events
• 9 - Births
• 9 - Deaths

Read more here: » 9: Encyclopedia - 9

The Han Dynasty (Traditional: 漢朝; Simplified: 汉朝; Hanyu Pinyin: Hàn cháo;; Wade-Giles: Han Ch'au; 206 BC–AD 220) followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. The dynasty was founded by the Liu family. Han Dynasty - Importance. The Chinese people consider the Han Dynasty to be one of the greatest periods in the entire history of China. As a result, the members of th ...

Including:

• Han Dynasty - Importance
• Han Dynasty - The Emergence
• Han Dynasty - Taoism and Feudal System
• Han Dynasty - Emperor Wu and Confucianism
• Han Dynasty - Beginning of the Silk Road
• Han Dynasty - Rise of landholding class
• Han Dynasty - Interruption of Han rule
• Han Dynasty - Rise and Fall of Eastern Han Dynasty
• Han Dynasty - Sovereigns of Han Dynasty

Read more here: » Han Dynasty: Encyclopedia - Han Dynasty

The Xiongnu (Chinese: 匈奴; Hanyu Pinyin: Xiōngnú; Wade-Giles: Hsiung-nu) were a nomadic (and probably Hunnic/proto-Bulgar) people of Central Asia, generally based in present day Mongolia. From the 3rd century BC they controlled a vast steppe empire extending west as far as the Caucasus. They were active in the areas of southern Siberia, western Manchuria and the modern Chinese provinces of Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Xinjiang. Very anci ...

Including:

• Xiongnu - Origins and early history of the Xiongnu
• Xiongnu - Confederation under Maodun
• Xiongnu - Nature of the Xiongnu state
• Xiongnu - The marriage treaty system
• Xiongnu - War with Han China
• Xiongnu - Leadership struggle among the Xiongnu
• Xiongnu - Tributary relations with the Han
• Xiongnu - Northern and southern Xiongnu
• Xiongnu - The Xiongnu after the Han Dynasty
• Xiongnu - Did the Xiongnu become the Huns?
• Xiongnu - Footnotes

Read more here: » Xiongnu: Encyclopedia - Xiongnu

Xinjiang (Uyghur: شىنجاڭ (Shinjang); Chinese: 新疆; Hanyu Pinyin: Xīnjiāng; Wade-Giles: Hsin1-chiang1; Postal Pinyin: Sinkiang), full name Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (Uyghur: شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى (Shinjang Uyghur Aptonom Rayoni); Simplified: 新疆维吾尔自治区; Traditional: 新疆維吾爾自治區; Hanyu Pinyin: Xīnj ...

Including:

• Xinjiang - History
• Xinjiang - Subdivisions
• Xinjiang - Geography
• Xinjiang - Economy
• Xinjiang - Demographics
• Xinjiang - Culture
• Xinjiang - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Xinjiang: Encyclopedia - Xinjiang

Circa 5, Emperor Ping, having grown older, appeared to have grown out of a heart condition that he suffered earlier, and it became fairly plain that he resented Wang Mang for slaughtering his uncles in 3 and not allowing his mother to visit him in the capital Chang'an. Wang Mang therefore resolved to murder the emperor. In winter 5, Wang Mang submitted pepper wine (considered in those days to be capable of chasing away evil spirits) to the 13-year-old emperor, but had the wine spiked with poison. As the emperor was suffering the effects of t ...

See also:

Empress Wang Ping, Empress Wang Ping - Family background, Empress Wang Ping - Marriage, Empress Wang Ping - Young widowhood and temporary status as empress dowager, Empress Wang Ping - Life during Xin Dynasty, Empress Wang Ping - Death

Read more here: » Empress Wang Ping: Encyclopedia II - Empress Wang Ping - Young widowhood and temporary status as empress dowager

Then-Liu Jizi was born in 9 BC. His father Liu Xing (劉興) was the youngest son of Emperor Yuan and the younger brother of Emperor Cheng. His mother was one of Prince Xing's consorts, Consort Wei (衛姬). Prince Jizi had three sisters (whose names are not recorded in history) but no brother. He was born with a heart ailment, which, when affliciting him, causes him to have circulation problems, manifesting itself outwardly as having his lips and appendages turn blue. He was raised by his paternal grandmother Consort Feng Yuan, a concubine of ...

See also:

Emperor Ping of Han, Emperor Ping of Han - Family background and life as imperial prince, Emperor Ping of Han - Early reign and Wang Mang's aggrandization of power, Emperor Ping of Han - The Lü Kuan Incident and Wang Mang's seizure of absolute power, Emperor Ping of Han - Death, Emperor Ping of Han - Era name, Emperor Ping of Han - Personal information

Read more here: » Emperor Ping of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Ping of Han - Family background and life as imperial prince

Guo Shengtong came from a wealthy family. Her father Guo Chang (郭昌) was a major landowner in the Zhending Commandery (真定, roughly modern Shijiazhuang, Hebei). Her mother was a daughter of Liu Pu (劉普), Prince Gong of Zhending -- a hereditary prince descended from the Western Han imperial house, as a sixth generation descendant of Emperor Jing, and she carried the courtesy title of Lady. After Guo's maternal grandfather's death in 7 BC, her uncle Liu Yang (劉楊) inherited the principality. When Wang Mang usurped th ...

See also:

Empress Guo Shengtong, Empress Guo Shengtong - Family background and marriage to Liu Xiu, Empress Guo Shengtong - As empress, Empress Guo Shengtong - As princess dowager

Read more here: » Empress Guo Shengtong: Encyclopedia II - Empress Guo Shengtong - Family background and marriage to Liu Xiu