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Vincent Auriol | A Wisdom Archive on Vincent Auriol | | Vincent Auriol A selection of articles related to Vincent Auriol | |
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1949, 1949 - An Unknown Date, 1949 - April, 1949 - April-June, 1949 - August, 1949 - Births, 1949 - Deaths, 1949 - December, 1949 - Events, 1949 - February, 1949 - January, 1949 - July, 1949 - June, 1949 - March, 1949 - May, 1949 - Nobel Prizes, 1949 - November, 1949 - October, 1949 - September, 1949 - Unknown date
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Vincent Auriol | | | |  Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - May 1968De Gaulle's government, however, was criticized within France, particularly for its heavy-handed style. While the written press and elections were free, the state had a monopoly on television and radio broadcasts (though there existed private stations broadcasting from abroad; see ORTF) and the executive occasionally told public broadcasters the bias that they desired on news. In many respects, society was traditionalistic and repressive. Many factors contributed to a general weariness of sections of the public, particularly the stude ...
See also:Charles de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years, Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career, Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces, Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing, Charles de Gaulle - 1958: The collapse of the Fourth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1958–1962: Founding of the Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1962–1968 Politics of grandeur, Charles de Gaulle - Thirty glorious years, Charles de Gaulle - The fourth nuclear power, Charles de Gaulle - China, Charles de Gaulle - Second round, Charles de Gaulle - The Six Day War, Charles de Gaulle - Nigerian Civil War, Charles de Gaulle - Vive le Québec Libre!, Charles de Gaulle - No to Britain, Charles de Gaulle - May 1968, Charles de Gaulle - 1969 - Retirement, Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death, Charles de Gaulle - Private life, Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect, Charles de Gaulle - Footnote, Charles de Gaulle - Works, Charles de Gaulle - French editions, Charles de Gaulle - English translations, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Second Government 21 December 1945 - 26 January 1946, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 Read more here: » Charles de Gaulle: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - May 1968 |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death He retired once again to Colombey-les-deux-Églises, where he died suddenly in 1970, while in the middle of writing his memoirs. In perfect health until then, it was reported that as he had finished watching the evening news on television and was sitting in his armchair he suddenly said "I feel a pain here", pointing to his neck, just seconds before he fell unconscious due to an aneurysmal rupture. Within minutes he was dead. His last wish was also a final slap to the establishment and protocol. He specifically asked to be buried in Colombey ...
See also:Charles de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years, Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career, Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces, Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing, Charles de Gaulle - 1958: The collapse of the Fourth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1958–1962: Founding of the Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1962–1968 Politics of grandeur, Charles de Gaulle - Thirty glorious years, Charles de Gaulle - The fourth nuclear power, Charles de Gaulle - China, Charles de Gaulle - Second round, Charles de Gaulle - The Six Day War, Charles de Gaulle - Nigerian Civil War, Charles de Gaulle - Vive le Québec Libre!, Charles de Gaulle - No to Britain, Charles de Gaulle - May 1968, Charles de Gaulle - 1969 - Retirement, Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death, Charles de Gaulle - Private life, Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect, Charles de Gaulle - Footnote, Charles de Gaulle - Works, Charles de Gaulle - French editions, Charles de Gaulle - English translations, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Second Government 21 December 1945 - 26 January 1946, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 Read more here: » Charles de Gaulle: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - Private life Charles De Gaulle married on April 7, 1921 to Yvonne Vendroux ("Tante Yvonne"). They had 3 children: Philippe (1921), Elisabeth (1924), and Anne (1928). Anne had Down syndrome and died at 20.
Charles De Gaulle's grandson, Charles De Gaulle is a member of the European Parliament for the National Front.
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See also:Charles de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years, Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career, Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces, Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing, Charles de Gaulle - 1958: The collapse of the Fourth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1958–1962: Founding of the Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1962–1968 Politics of grandeur, Charles de Gaulle - Thirty glorious years, Charles de Gaulle - The fourth nuclear power, Charles de Gaulle - China, Charles de Gaulle - Second round, Charles de Gaulle - The Six Day War, Charles de Gaulle - Nigerian Civil War, Charles de Gaulle - Vive le Québec Libre!, Charles de Gaulle - No to Britain, Charles de Gaulle - May 1968, Charles de Gaulle - 1969 - Retirement, Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death, Charles de Gaulle - Private life, Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect, Charles de Gaulle - Footnote, Charles de Gaulle - Works, Charles de Gaulle - French editions, Charles de Gaulle - English translations, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Second Government 21 December 1945 - 26 January 1946, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 Read more here: » Charles de Gaulle: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - Private life |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing De Gaulle's opposition to the proposed constitution failed as the parties of the left supported a weak presidency to prevent any repetition of the Vichy regime. The second draft constitution narrowly approved at the referendum of October 1946 was even less to De Gaulle's liking than the first.
In April 1947 De Gaulle made a renewed attempt at transforming the political scene with the creation of the Rassemblement du Peuple Français (Rally of the French People, or RPF), but the movement lost impetus after initial success. In May 1953 he withdrew aga ...
See also:Charles de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years, Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career, Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces, Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing, Charles de Gaulle - 1958: The collapse of the Fourth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1958–1962: Founding of the Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1962–1968 Politics of grandeur, Charles de Gaulle - Thirty glorious years, Charles de Gaulle - The fourth nuclear power, Charles de Gaulle - China, Charles de Gaulle - Second round, Charles de Gaulle - The Six Day War, Charles de Gaulle - Nigerian Civil War, Charles de Gaulle - Vive le Québec Libre!, Charles de Gaulle - No to Britain, Charles de Gaulle - May 1968, Charles de Gaulle - 1969 - Retirement, Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death, Charles de Gaulle - Private life, Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect, Charles de Gaulle - Footnote, Charles de Gaulle - Works, Charles de Gaulle - French editions, Charles de Gaulle - English translations, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Second Government 21 December 1945 - 26 January 1946, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 Read more here: » Charles de Gaulle: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces On June 18, De Gaulle prepared to speak to the French people, via BBC radio, from London. The British Cabinet attempted to block the speech, but was overruled by Churchill. In France, De Gaulle's "Appeal of June 18" could be heard nationwide in the evening. The phrase "France has lost a battle; she has not lost the war", which appeared on posters in Britain at the time, is often incorrectly associated with the BBC broadcast; nevertheless the words aptly capture the spirit of De Gaulle's position. Although only few people actually heard the s ...
See also:Charles de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years, Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career, Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces, Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing, Charles de Gaulle - 1958: The collapse of the Fourth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1958–1962: Founding of the Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1962–1968 Politics of grandeur, Charles de Gaulle - Thirty glorious years, Charles de Gaulle - The fourth nuclear power, Charles de Gaulle - China, Charles de Gaulle - Second round, Charles de Gaulle - The Six Day War, Charles de Gaulle - Nigerian Civil War, Charles de Gaulle - Vive le Québec Libre!, Charles de Gaulle - No to Britain, Charles de Gaulle - May 1968, Charles de Gaulle - 1969 - Retirement, Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death, Charles de Gaulle - Private life, Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect, Charles de Gaulle - Footnote, Charles de Gaulle - Works, Charles de Gaulle - French editions, Charles de Gaulle - English translations, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Second Government 21 December 1945 - 26 January 1946, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 Read more here: » Charles de Gaulle: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - 1966 - Births
1966 - January.
January 1 - Michael Imperioli, American actor
January 12 - Rob Zombie, American musician, artist, and writer
January 7 - Carolyn Bessette-Kennedy, wife of John F. Kennedy, Jr. (d.1999)
January 13 - Patrick Dempsey, American actor
January 17 - Shabba Ranks, Jamaican singer
January 19 - Floris Jan Bovelander, Dutch field hockey player
January 20 - Tracii Guns, American guitarist
January 29 - Romár ...
See also:1966, 1966 - Events, 1966 - January, 1966 - February, 1966 - March, 1966 - April, 1966 - May, 1966 - June, 1966 - July, 1966 - August, 1966 - September, 1966 - October, 1966 - November, 1966 - December, 1966 - Unknown dates, 1966 - Births, 1966 - January, 1966 - February, 1966 - March, 1966 - April, 1966 - May, 1966 - June, 1966 - July, 1966 - August, 1966 - September, 1966 - October, 1966 - November, 1966 - December, 1966 - Deaths, 1966 - January, 1966 - February, 1966 - March, 1966 - April, 1966 - May, 1966 - June, 1966 - July, 1966 - August, 1966 - September, 1966 - October, 1966 - November, 1966 - December, 1966 - Month/day unknown, 1966 - Nobel Prizes, 1966 - Fields Medalists Read more here: » 1966: Encyclopedia II - 1966 - Births |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - 1947 - Births
1947 - January.
January 1 - Afeni Shakur
January 2 - Ai
January 2 - Jack Hanna, American zoologist
January 3 - Patricia Anthony
January 6 - Sandy Denny, British vocalist (d. 1978)
January 7 - Shobha De, Indian writer
January 8 - David Bowie, English musician
January 8 - Jenny Boyd
January 8 - Samuel Schmid, Swiss Federal Councilor
January 16 - Laura Schlessinger, American psychologist and radio talk show host
January 1 ...
See also:1947, 1947 - Events, 1947 - January, 1947 - February, 1947 - March-May, 1947 - June, 1947 - July, 1947 - August, 1947 - September-October, 1947 - November, 1947 - December, 1947 - Unknown dates, 1947 - Births, 1947 - January, 1947 - February, 1947 - March, 1947 - April, 1947 - May, 1947 - June, 1947 - July, 1947 - August, 1947 - September, 1947 - October, 1947 - November, 1947 - December, 1947 - Unknown date, 1947 - Deaths, 1947 - Nobel Prizes Read more here: » 1947: Encyclopedia II - 1947 - Births |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - 1966 - Deaths
1966 - January.
January 1 - Vincent Auriol, President of France (b. 1884)
January 11 - Alberto Giacometti, Swiss sculptor (b. 1910)
January 11 - Hannes Kolehmainen, Finnish runner (b. 1889)
January 14 - Barry Fitzgerald, Irish actor (b. 1888)
January 14 - Bill Carr, American athlete (b. 1909)
January 15 - Sergei Korolev, Russian s ...
See also:1966, 1966 - Events, 1966 - January, 1966 - February, 1966 - March, 1966 - April, 1966 - May, 1966 - June, 1966 - July, 1966 - August, 1966 - September, 1966 - October, 1966 - November, 1966 - December, 1966 - Unknown dates, 1966 - Births, 1966 - January, 1966 - February, 1966 - March, 1966 - April, 1966 - May, 1966 - June, 1966 - July, 1966 - August, 1966 - September, 1966 - October, 1966 - November, 1966 - December, 1966 - Deaths, 1966 - January, 1966 - February, 1966 - March, 1966 - April, 1966 - May, 1966 - June, 1966 - July, 1966 - August, 1966 - September, 1966 - October, 1966 - November, 1966 - December, 1966 - Month/day unknown, 1966 - Nobel Prizes, 1966 - Fields Medalists Read more here: » 1966: Encyclopedia II - 1966 - Deaths |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years Charles De Gaulle was the third child of a morally conservative but socially progressive Catholic bourgeois family. His father's side of the family was a long line of aristocracy from Normandy and Burgundy which had been settled in Paris for about a century, whereas his mother's side was a family of rich entrepreneurs from the industrial region of Lille in French Flanders. Born in Lille, De Gaulle grew up and was educated in Paris.
Note the name De Gaulle is not a traditional French name with a particule, but a ...
See also:Charles de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years, Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career, Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces, Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing, Charles de Gaulle - 1958: The collapse of the Fourth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1958–1962: Founding of the Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1962–1968 Politics of grandeur, Charles de Gaulle - Thirty glorious years, Charles de Gaulle - The fourth nuclear power, Charles de Gaulle - China, Charles de Gaulle - Second round, Charles de Gaulle - The Six Day War, Charles de Gaulle - Nigerian Civil War, Charles de Gaulle - Vive le Québec Libre!, Charles de Gaulle - No to Britain, Charles de Gaulle - May 1968, Charles de Gaulle - 1969 - Retirement, Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death, Charles de Gaulle - Private life, Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect, Charles de Gaulle - Footnote, Charles de Gaulle - Works, Charles de Gaulle - French editions, Charles de Gaulle - English translations, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Second Government 21 December 1945 - 26 January 1946, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 Read more here: » Charles de Gaulle: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career Young Charles De Gaulle chose a military career and spent four years at the École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr (the French equivalent of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York or the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst at Camberley in the United Kingdom). He graduated in 1912 and decided to join an infantry regiment when he could have joined an elite corps. During World War I, then Captain De Gaulle was severely wounded at the gruesome Battle of Verdun in March 1916, and left for dead on the battlefield. Still alive, he ...
See also:Charles de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years, Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career, Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces, Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing, Charles de Gaulle - 1958: The collapse of the Fourth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1958–1962: Founding of the Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1962–1968 Politics of grandeur, Charles de Gaulle - Thirty glorious years, Charles de Gaulle - The fourth nuclear power, Charles de Gaulle - China, Charles de Gaulle - Second round, Charles de Gaulle - The Six Day War, Charles de Gaulle - Nigerian Civil War, Charles de Gaulle - Vive le Québec Libre!, Charles de Gaulle - No to Britain, Charles de Gaulle - May 1968, Charles de Gaulle - 1969 - Retirement, Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death, Charles de Gaulle - Private life, Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect, Charles de Gaulle - Footnote, Charles de Gaulle - Works, Charles de Gaulle - French editions, Charles de Gaulle - English translations, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Second Government 21 December 1945 - 26 January 1946, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 Read more here: » Charles de Gaulle: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - President of the French Republic - Current constitutional powers The constitutional attributions of the president are defined in Title II of the Constitution of France.
Article 5 The President of the Republic shall see that the Constitution is observed. He shall ensure, by his arbitration, the proper functioning of the public authorities and the continuity of the State. He shall be the guarantor of national independence, territorial integrity and observance of treaties.
Article 8 The President of the Republic shall appoint the Prime Minister. He shall terminate the appointment ...
See also:President of the French Republic, President of the French Republic - Presidential powers, President of the French Republic - Election, President of the French Republic - Current constitutional powers, President of the French Republic - Succession, President of the French Republic - Other information, President of the French Republic - History, President of the French Republic - Presidents of France, President of the French Republic - External link Read more here: » President of the French Republic: Encyclopedia II - President of the French Republic - Current constitutional powers |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect Though controversial throughout his political career, not least among ideological opponents on the left and among overseas strategic partners, De Gaulle continues to command enormous respect within France, where his presidency is seen as a return to political stability and strength on the international stage.
Domestically, for all its flaws, he presided over a return to economic prosperity after an initially sluggish postwar performance, while maintaining much of the social contract evolved in previous decades between employers and la ...
See also:Charles de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years, Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career, Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces, Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing, Charles de Gaulle - 1958: The collapse of the Fourth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1958–1962: Founding of the Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1962–1968 Politics of grandeur, Charles de Gaulle - Thirty glorious years, Charles de Gaulle - The fourth nuclear power, Charles de Gaulle - China, Charles de Gaulle - Second round, Charles de Gaulle - The Six Day War, Charles de Gaulle - Nigerian Civil War, Charles de Gaulle - Vive le Québec Libre!, Charles de Gaulle - No to Britain, Charles de Gaulle - May 1968, Charles de Gaulle - 1969 - Retirement, Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death, Charles de Gaulle - Private life, Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect, Charles de Gaulle - Footnote, Charles de Gaulle - Works, Charles de Gaulle - French editions, Charles de Gaulle - English translations, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Second Government 21 December 1945 - 26 January 1946, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 Read more here: » Charles de Gaulle: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Marshal of France - Valois-Angoulême
Marshal of France - Twelve Marshals under François I 1515-1547.
Jacques II de Chabannes, Lord of La Palice (died 1525), Marshal of France in 1515
Gaspard I de Coligny, Lord of Chatillon-sur-Loing (died 1522), Marshal of France in 1516
Thomas de Foix-Lescun, (died 1525), Marshal of France in 1518
Anne I de Montmorency, Duke of Montmorency and of Damville, Count of Beaumont-sur-Oise and of Dammartin, Viscount of Melun, first Baron of France and Grand Master, Constable of France etc ...
See also:Marshal of France, Marshal of France - Marshals of France, Marshal of France - Capetiens, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Philip Augustus 1180 - 1223, Marshal of France - Eight Marshals under Saint Louis 1226-1270, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Philip the Bold 1270-1285, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Philip the Fair 1285-1314, Marshal of France - One Marshal under Louis X 1314-1316, Marshal of France - Three Marshals under Philip V 1316-1322, Marshal of France - One Marshal under Charles IV 1322-1328, Marshal of France - Valois, Marshal of France - Five Marshals under Philip VI of Valois 1328 - 1350, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under John the Good 1350-1364, Marshal of France - Two Marshals under Charles the Wise 1364-1380, Marshal of France - Nine Marshals under Charles the Beloved 1380-1422, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Charles VII 1422-1461, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Louis XI 1461-1483, Marshal of France - Two Marshals under Charles VIII 1483-1498, Marshal of France - Valois-Orléans, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Louis XII 1498-1515, Marshal of France - Valois-Angoulême, Marshal of France - Twelve Marshals under François I 1515-1547, Marshal of France - Five Marshals created by Henry II 1547 - 1559, Marshal of France - One Marshal created by François II in 1559, Marshal of France - Five Marshals under Charles IX de 1560 à 1574, Marshal of France - Seven Marshals under Henry III 1574-1589, Marshal of France - Bourbons, Marshal of France - Eleven Marshals created by Henry IV between 1592 and 1602, Marshal of France - Thirty-four Marshals created by Louis XIII between 1613 and 1643, Marshal of France - Fifty-one Marshals created by Louis XIV between 1643 and 1715, Marshal of France - Thirty-four Marshals under Louis XV from 1715 - 1774, Marshal of France - Twenty Marshals named by Louis XVI 1774 - 1792, Marshal of France - French Empire, Marshal of France - The Second Restoration 1815 - 1830, Marshal of France - Constitutional monarchy, Marshal of France - The Second Republic, Marshal of France - The Second Empire, Marshal of France - The Third Republic, Marshal of France - The Fourth Republic, Marshal of France - The Fifth Republic Read more here: » Marshal of France: Encyclopedia II - Marshal of France - Valois-Angoulême |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Marshal of France - Valois-Orléans
Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Louis XII 1498-1515.
Jacques de Trivulce, (1448 - 1518), Marquis of Vigevano, Marshal of France in 1499
Charles II d'Amboise de Chaumont, (1473 - 1511), Lord of Chaumont, of Meillan and of Charenton, Marshal of France in 1506
Odet de Foix, Vicomte de Lautrec, (1485 - 1528), Viscount of Lautrec, Marshal of France in 1511
Robert Stuart d'Aubigny, (1470 - 154 ...
See also:Marshal of France, Marshal of France - Marshals of France, Marshal of France - Capetiens, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Philip Augustus 1180 - 1223, Marshal of France - Eight Marshals under Saint Louis 1226-1270, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Philip the Bold 1270-1285, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Philip the Fair 1285-1314, Marshal of France - One Marshal under Louis X 1314-1316, Marshal of France - Three Marshals under Philip V 1316-1322, Marshal of France - One Marshal under Charles IV 1322-1328, Marshal of France - Valois, Marshal of France - Five Marshals under Philip VI of Valois 1328 - 1350, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under John the Good 1350-1364, Marshal of France - Two Marshals under Charles the Wise 1364-1380, Marshal of France - Nine Marshals under Charles the Beloved 1380-1422, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Charles VII 1422-1461, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Louis XI 1461-1483, Marshal of France - Two Marshals under Charles VIII 1483-1498, Marshal of France - Valois-Orléans, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Louis XII 1498-1515, Marshal of France - Valois-Angoulême, Marshal of France - Twelve Marshals under François I 1515-1547, Marshal of France - Five Marshals created by Henry II 1547 - 1559, Marshal of France - One Marshal created by François II in 1559, Marshal of France - Five Marshals under Charles IX de 1560 à 1574, Marshal of France - Seven Marshals under Henry III 1574-1589, Marshal of France - Bourbons, Marshal of France - Eleven Marshals created by Henry IV between 1592 and 1602, Marshal of France - Thirty-four Marshals created by Louis XIII between 1613 and 1643, Marshal of France - Fifty-one Marshals created by Louis XIV between 1643 and 1715, Marshal of France - Thirty-four Marshals under Louis XV from 1715 - 1774, Marshal of France - Twenty Marshals named by Louis XVI 1774 - 1792, Marshal of France - French Empire, Marshal of France - The Second Restoration 1815 - 1830, Marshal of France - Constitutional monarchy, Marshal of France - The Second Republic, Marshal of France - The Second Empire, Marshal of France - The Third Republic, Marshal of France - The Fourth Republic, Marshal of France - The Fifth Republic Read more here: » Marshal of France: Encyclopedia II - Marshal of France - Valois-Orléans |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Marshal of France - The Second Restoration 1815 - 1830 Six Marshals named under Louis XVIII, from 1815 - 1824
François-Henri de Franquetot de Coigny, Duke of Coigny (1137 - 1821), Marshal of France in 1816
Henry Jacques Guillaume Clarke, Duke of Feltre (1765 - 1818), Marshal of France in 1816
Pierre Riel de Beurnonville, Marquis of Beurnonville (1752 - 1821), Marshal of France in 1816
Charles Joseph Hyacinthe du Houx de Viomesnil, Marquis of Viomesnil (1734 - 1827), Marshal of France in 1816
Jacques Alexandre Law, Marquis of Lauriston (176 ...
See also:Marshal of France, Marshal of France - Marshals of France, Marshal of France - Capetiens, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Philip Augustus 1180 - 1223, Marshal of France - Eight Marshals under Saint Louis 1226-1270, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Philip the Bold 1270-1285, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Philip the Fair 1285-1314, Marshal of France - One Marshal under Louis X 1314-1316, Marshal of France - Three Marshals under Philip V 1316-1322, Marshal of France - One Marshal under Charles IV 1322-1328, Marshal of France - Valois, Marshal of France - Five Marshals under Philip VI of Valois 1328 - 1350, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under John the Good 1350-1364, Marshal of France - Two Marshals under Charles the Wise 1364-1380, Marshal of France - Nine Marshals under Charles the Beloved 1380-1422, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Charles VII 1422-1461, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Louis XI 1461-1483, Marshal of France - Two Marshals under Charles VIII 1483-1498, Marshal of France - Valois-Orléans, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Louis XII 1498-1515, Marshal of France - Valois-Angoulême, Marshal of France - Twelve Marshals under François I 1515-1547, Marshal of France - Five Marshals created by Henry II 1547 - 1559, Marshal of France - One Marshal created by François II in 1559, Marshal of France - Five Marshals under Charles IX de 1560 à 1574, Marshal of France - Seven Marshals under Henry III 1574-1589, Marshal of France - Bourbons, Marshal of France - Eleven Marshals created by Henry IV between 1592 and 1602, Marshal of France - Thirty-four Marshals created by Louis XIII between 1613 and 1643, Marshal of France - Fifty-one Marshals created by Louis XIV between 1643 and 1715, Marshal of France - Thirty-four Marshals under Louis XV from 1715 - 1774, Marshal of France - Twenty Marshals named by Louis XVI 1774 - 1792, Marshal of France - French Empire, Marshal of France - The Second Restoration 1815 - 1830, Marshal of France - Constitutional monarchy, Marshal of France - The Second Republic, Marshal of France - The Second Empire, Marshal of France - The Third Republic, Marshal of France - The Fourth Republic, Marshal of France - The Fifth Republic Read more here: » Marshal of France: Encyclopedia II - Marshal of France - The Second Restoration 1815 - 1830 |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Marshal of France - The Third Republic Three Marshals under Raymond Poincaré, 1913 - 1920
Joseph Joffre, (1852 - 1931), Marshal of France in 1916
Ferdinand Foch, (1851 - 1929), Marshal of France in 1918
Philippe Pétain, (1856 - 1951), Marshal of France in 1918
Five Marshals under Alexandre Millerand, 1920 - 1924
Joseph Simon Gallieni, (1849 - 1916), Marshal of France in 1921 (posthumous)
Louis Hubert Gonzalve Lyautey, (1854 - 1934), Marshal of France in 1921
Louis Félix Marie Franà ...
See also:Marshal of France, Marshal of France - Marshals of France, Marshal of France - Capetiens, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Philip Augustus 1180 - 1223, Marshal of France - Eight Marshals under Saint Louis 1226-1270, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Philip the Bold 1270-1285, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Philip the Fair 1285-1314, Marshal of France - One Marshal under Louis X 1314-1316, Marshal of France - Three Marshals under Philip V 1316-1322, Marshal of France - One Marshal under Charles IV 1322-1328, Marshal of France - Valois, Marshal of France - Five Marshals under Philip VI of Valois 1328 - 1350, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under John the Good 1350-1364, Marshal of France - Two Marshals under Charles the Wise 1364-1380, Marshal of France - Nine Marshals under Charles the Beloved 1380-1422, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Charles VII 1422-1461, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Louis XI 1461-1483, Marshal of France - Two Marshals under Charles VIII 1483-1498, Marshal of France - Valois-Orléans, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Louis XII 1498-1515, Marshal of France - Valois-Angoulême, Marshal of France - Twelve Marshals under François I 1515-1547, Marshal of France - Five Marshals created by Henry II 1547 - 1559, Marshal of France - One Marshal created by François II in 1559, Marshal of France - Five Marshals under Charles IX de 1560 à 1574, Marshal of France - Seven Marshals under Henry III 1574-1589, Marshal of France - Bourbons, Marshal of France - Eleven Marshals created by Henry IV between 1592 and 1602, Marshal of France - Thirty-four Marshals created by Louis XIII between 1613 and 1643, Marshal of France - Fifty-one Marshals created by Louis XIV between 1643 and 1715, Marshal of France - Thirty-four Marshals under Louis XV from 1715 - 1774, Marshal of France - Twenty Marshals named by Louis XVI 1774 - 1792, Marshal of France - French Empire, Marshal of France - The Second Restoration 1815 - 1830, Marshal of France - Constitutional monarchy, Marshal of France - The Second Republic, Marshal of France - The Second Empire, Marshal of France - The Third Republic, Marshal of France - The Fourth Republic, Marshal of France - The Fifth Republic Read more here: » Marshal of France: Encyclopedia II - Marshal of France - The Third Republic |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - President of the French Republic - Election Since 2000, the President of France has been directly elected to a five-year term by universal suffrage. (Prior to 2000, presidential terms lasted seven years, and the first election to a shorter term was held in 2002). President Chirac was first elected in 1995 and again in 2002. His current term will thus expire in 2007. There is no term limit, so Chirac could run again.
François Mitterrand is the only President to date who has served a full two terms.
The method of French presidential elections is run-off voting which ensures ...
See also:President of the French Republic, President of the French Republic - Presidential powers, President of the French Republic - Election, President of the French Republic - Current constitutional powers, President of the French Republic - Succession, President of the French Republic - Other information, President of the French Republic - History, President of the French Republic - Presidents of France, President of the French Republic - External link Read more here: » President of the French Republic: Encyclopedia II - President of the French Republic - Election |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - Works
Charles de Gaulle - French editions.
La Discorde Chez l'Ennemi (1924)
Histoire des Troupes du Levant (1931) Written by Major De Gaulle and Major Yvon, with Staff Colonel de Mierry collaborating in the preparation of the final text.
Le Fil de l'Epée (1932)
Vers l'Armée de Métier (1934)
La France et son Armée (1938)
Trois Etudes (1945) (Rôle Historique des Places Fortes; Mobilisation Economique à l'Etranger; Comment Faire une Armée de Métier) followed by th ...
See also:Charles de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years, Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career, Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces, Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing, Charles de Gaulle - 1958: The collapse of the Fourth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1958–1962: Founding of the Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1962–1968 Politics of grandeur, Charles de Gaulle - Thirty glorious years, Charles de Gaulle - The fourth nuclear power, Charles de Gaulle - China, Charles de Gaulle - Second round, Charles de Gaulle - The Six Day War, Charles de Gaulle - Nigerian Civil War, Charles de Gaulle - Vive le Québec Libre!, Charles de Gaulle - No to Britain, Charles de Gaulle - May 1968, Charles de Gaulle - 1969 - Retirement, Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death, Charles de Gaulle - Private life, Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect, Charles de Gaulle - Footnote, Charles de Gaulle - Works, Charles de Gaulle - French editions, Charles de Gaulle - English translations, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Second Government 21 December 1945 - 26 January 1946, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 Read more here: » Charles de Gaulle: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - Works |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Marshal of France - Valois
Marshal of France - Five Marshals under Philip VI of Valois 1328 - 1350.
Anseau de Joinville, (1265 - 1343), Marshal of France in 1339
Charles de Montmorency, Lord of Montmorency (1325 - 1381), Marshal of France in 1344
Robert de Waurin, Lord of Saint-Venant (died 1360), Marshal of France in 1344
Guy II de Nesle, Lord of Offémont and of Mello (died 1352), Marshal of France in 1345
Édouard de Beaujeu, (1316 - 1351), Lord of Ch ...
See also:Marshal of France, Marshal of France - Marshals of France, Marshal of France - Capetiens, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Philip Augustus 1180 - 1223, Marshal of France - Eight Marshals under Saint Louis 1226-1270, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Philip the Bold 1270-1285, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Philip the Fair 1285-1314, Marshal of France - One Marshal under Louis X 1314-1316, Marshal of France - Three Marshals under Philip V 1316-1322, Marshal of France - One Marshal under Charles IV 1322-1328, Marshal of France - Valois, Marshal of France - Five Marshals under Philip VI of Valois 1328 - 1350, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under John the Good 1350-1364, Marshal of France - Two Marshals under Charles the Wise 1364-1380, Marshal of France - Nine Marshals under Charles the Beloved 1380-1422, Marshal of France - Six Marshals under Charles VII 1422-1461, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Louis XI 1461-1483, Marshal of France - Two Marshals under Charles VIII 1483-1498, Marshal of France - Valois-Orléans, Marshal of France - Four Marshals under Louis XII 1498-1515, Marshal of France - Valois-Angoulême, Marshal of France - Twelve Marshals under François I 1515-1547, Marshal of France - Five Marshals created by Henry II 1547 - 1559, Marshal of France - One Marshal created by François II in 1559, Marshal of France - Five Marshals under Charles IX de 1560 à 1574, Marshal of France - Seven Marshals under Henry III 1574-1589, Marshal of France - Bourbons, Marshal of France - Eleven Marshals created by Henry IV between 1592 and 1602, Marshal of France - Thirty-four Marshals created by Louis XIII between 1613 and 1643, Marshal of France - Fifty-one Marshals created by Louis XIV between 1643 and 1715, Marshal of France - Thirty-four Marshals under Louis XV from 1715 - 1774, Marshal of France - Twenty Marshals named by Louis XVI 1774 - 1792, Marshal of France - French Empire, Marshal of France - The Second Restoration 1815 - 1830, Marshal of France - Constitutional monarchy, Marshal of France - The Second Republic, Marshal of France - The Second Empire, Marshal of France - The Third Republic, Marshal of France - The Fourth Republic, Marshal of France - The Fifth Republic Read more here: » Marshal of France: Encyclopedia II - Marshal of France - Valois |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 Changes
12 June 1958 - André Malraux enters the cabinet as Minister of Radio, Television, and Press
14 June 1958 - Guy Mollet becomes Minister of General Civil Servants Status
7 July 1958 - Bernard Chenot enters the cabinet as Minister of Public Health and Population. Jacques Soustelle succeeds Malraux as Minister of Information.
23 July 1958 - Antoine Pinay becomes Minister of Economic Affairs, remaining also Minister of Finance.
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See also:Charles de Gaulle, Charles de Gaulle - 1890–1912: Formative years, Charles de Gaulle - 1912–1940: Military career, Charles de Gaulle - 1940–1945: The Free French Forces, Charles de Gaulle - 1946–1958: The desert crossing, Charles de Gaulle - 1958: The collapse of the Fourth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1958–1962: Founding of the Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle - 1962–1968 Politics of grandeur, Charles de Gaulle - Thirty glorious years, Charles de Gaulle - The fourth nuclear power, Charles de Gaulle - China, Charles de Gaulle - Second round, Charles de Gaulle - The Six Day War, Charles de Gaulle - Nigerian Civil War, Charles de Gaulle - Vive le Québec Libre!, Charles de Gaulle - No to Britain, Charles de Gaulle - May 1968, Charles de Gaulle - 1969 - Retirement, Charles de Gaulle - 1970 - A humble death, Charles de Gaulle - Private life, Charles de Gaulle - Retrospect, Charles de Gaulle - Footnote, Charles de Gaulle - Works, Charles de Gaulle - French editions, Charles de Gaulle - English translations, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Second Government 21 December 1945 - 26 January 1946, Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 Read more here: » Charles de Gaulle: Encyclopedia II - Charles de Gaulle - De Gaulle's Third Ministry 9 June 1958 - 8 January 1959 |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Jean-Marie Le Pen - Biography Le Pen was born at La Trinité-sur-Mer, a small Breton harbour, as the son of a fisherman. Le Pen was orphaned as an adolescent; his father's boat was blown up by a mine. Nowadays he is a wealthy businessman, mostly because of a large inheritance received in 1977 from a political supporter.
Le Pen studied political science and law, and was at one time the president of an association of law students in Paris. His graduate studies thesis, presented in 1971 by Jean-Marie Le Pen and Jean-Loup Vincent, is titled Le courant anarchiste en France depuis 1945 or ...
See also:Jean-Marie Le Pen, Jean-Marie Le Pen - Biography, Jean-Marie Le Pen - Political career, Jean-Marie Le Pen - Controversy, Jean-Marie Le Pen - Quotes, Jean-Marie Le Pen - Notes Read more here: » Jean-Marie Le Pen: Encyclopedia II - Jean-Marie Le Pen - Biography |
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| | | | | Vincent Auriol: Encyclopedia II - Jean-Marie Le Pen - Political career A decorated veteran of the French paratroops in Indochina (1953), Suez (1956), and Algeria (1957), Le Pen started his political career in Toulouse when he became the head of the students union. In 1953 he called Vincent Auriol, President of the Republic at the time, and by using his former status he got approval for a volunteer rescue project to carry out disaster relief after a flood in the Netherlands. Within two days there were forty volunteers from his university, a group that would go on to help victims of an earthquake in Italy. In Paris, 1956, he became the youngest member of the Frenc ...
See also:Jean-Marie Le Pen, Jean-Marie Le Pen - Biography, Jean-Marie Le Pen - Political career, Jean-Marie Le Pen - Controversy, Jean-Marie Le Pen - Quotes, Jean-Marie Le Pen - Notes Read more here: » Jean-Marie Le Pen: Encyclopedia II - Jean-Marie Le Pen - Political career |
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