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Vilna Gaon | A Wisdom Archive on Vilna Gaon | | Vilna Gaon A selection of articles related to Vilna Gaon | |
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Vilna Gaon | | | |  Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Talmud - Historical studyThe Talmud contains little serious biographical studies of the people discussed therein, and the same tractate will conflate the points of view of many different people. Yet, sketchy biographies of the Talmudic sages can often be constructed with historical detail from Talmudic sources.
Many modern historical scholars have focused on the timing and the formation of the Talmud. A vital question is whether it is comprised of sources which date from its editor's lifetime, and to what extent is it comprised of earlier, or later sources. A ...
See also:Talmud, Talmud - Structure and function, Talmud - Mishna and Gemara, Talmud - Orders and tractates, Talmud - Form and style, Talmud - Halakha and Aggadah, Talmud - The two Talmuds, Talmud - Talmud Yerushalmi Jerusalem Talmud, Talmud - Talmud Bavli Babylonian Talmud, Talmud - Comparison of style and subject matter, Talmud - Attitude to the Talmud within Judaism, Talmud - Karaism, Talmud - Talmudic Study and Kabbalah, Talmud - The Enlightenment, Talmud - Jews in Western culture, Talmud - The Talmud in modern-day Judaism, Talmud - Historical study, Talmud - Changes within the text of the Talmud, Talmud - External attacks on the Talmud, Talmud - Charges of racism, Talmud - Modern day Talmud scholars, Talmud - Conservative, Talmud - The Daf Yomi Daily Page, Talmud - Translations, Talmud - Translations of Talmud Bavli, Talmud - Translations of Talmud Yerushalmi Read more here: » Talmud: Encyclopedia II - Talmud - Historical study |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Talmud - Modern day Talmud scholars Talmud scholars of the 20th century include:
Rabbi Chaim Soloveitchik
Rabbi Elchonon Wasserman
Rabbi Boruch Ber Lebowitz (the Bircas Shmuel)
Rabbi Naftoli Trop
Rabbi Aharon Kotler
Rabbi Yitzchak Zev Soloveitchik (the Brisker Rov)
Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Auerbach
Rabbi Yechiel Michel Epstein (author of the Aruch HaShulchan).
Rabbi Moshe Feinstein (author of the Iggros Moshe)
Rabbi Yosef Eliahu Henkin
Rabbi Yisrael Mei ...
See also:Talmud, Talmud - Structure and function, Talmud - Mishna and Gemara, Talmud - Orders and tractates, Talmud - Form and style, Talmud - Halakha and Aggadah, Talmud - The two Talmuds, Talmud - Talmud Yerushalmi Jerusalem Talmud, Talmud - Talmud Bavli Babylonian Talmud, Talmud - Comparison of style and subject matter, Talmud - Attitude to the Talmud within Judaism, Talmud - Karaism, Talmud - Talmudic Study and Kabbalah, Talmud - The Enlightenment, Talmud - Jews in Western culture, Talmud - The Talmud in modern-day Judaism, Talmud - Historical study, Talmud - Changes within the text of the Talmud, Talmud - External attacks on the Talmud, Talmud - Charges of racism, Talmud - Modern day Talmud scholars, Talmud - Conservative, Talmud - The Daf Yomi Daily Page, Talmud - Translations, Talmud - Translations of Talmud Bavli, Talmud - Translations of Talmud Yerushalmi Read more here: » Talmud: Encyclopedia II - Talmud - Modern day Talmud scholars |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Yeshiva - Typical schedule They following is a typical daily schedule for Beis Medrash students
7:00 am- Optional seder (study session)
7:30 am- Morning prayers
8:30 am- Session on study of Jewish law
9:00 am- Breakfast
9:30 am- Morning Talmud study (first seder)
12:30 pm- Shiur ("lecture") - advanced students sometimes dispense with this lecture
13:30 - Lunch
14:45 - Mincha - afternoon prayers
15:00 - Mussar seder - Jewish ethics
15:30 - Talmud study (se ...
See also:Yeshiva, Yeshiva - History, Yeshiva - Pre-1800s, Yeshiva - Chaim Volozhin, Yeshiva - Types of yeshivot, Yeshiva - Prominent yeshivot, Yeshiva - In the United States, Yeshiva - In Israel, Yeshiva - Academic year, Yeshiva - Typical schedule, Yeshiva - Method of study, Yeshiva - Talmud study, Yeshiva - Jewish law, Yeshiva - Ethics, Yeshiva - Weekly Torah portion Read more here: » Yeshiva: Encyclopedia II - Yeshiva - Typical schedule |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Yeshiva - Prominent yeshivot The largest yeshivot currently include:
Yeshiva - In the United States.
Beth Medrash Govoha, also known as "Lakewood yeshiva" (Lakewood, NJ)
Yeshiva Ner Yisrael: Ner Israel Rabbinical College (Baltimore, MD)
The Telshe yeshiva (Telz Cleveland, OH; Chicago, IL; Riverdale, NY)
The Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary of Yeshiva University (New York, NY)
Mesivta Tifereth Jerusalem (Manhattan and Staten Island, New York, NY)
Yeshiva Torah Vodaas (Brooklyn ...
See also:Yeshiva, Yeshiva - History, Yeshiva - Pre-1800s, Yeshiva - Chaim Volozhin, Yeshiva - Types of yeshivot, Yeshiva - Prominent yeshivot, Yeshiva - In the United States, Yeshiva - In Israel, Yeshiva - Academic year, Yeshiva - Typical schedule, Yeshiva - Method of study, Yeshiva - Talmud study, Yeshiva - Jewish law, Yeshiva - Ethics, Yeshiva - Weekly Torah portion Read more here: » Yeshiva: Encyclopedia II - Yeshiva - Prominent yeshivot |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Anti-Zionism and post-Zionism More than 50 years after the founding of the State of Israel, and after more than 80 years of Arab-Jewish conflict over Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, some groups have misgivings about current Israeli policies. The overwhelming majority of Jewish organizations and denominations are strongly pro-Zionist. Some liberal or socialist Jews, as well as some Orthodox Jewish communities (the most vocal and visible being the small Neturei Karta group), oppose Zionism as a matter of principle. Well-known Jewish scholars and statesmen who hav ...
See also:Zionism, Zionism - Establishment of the Zionist movement, Zionism - Zionist initiatives, Zionism - Jewish reaction to Zionism, Zionism - Zionism and the Arab Muslims, Zionism - The struggle for Palestine, Zionism - Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Anti-Zionism and post-Zionism, Zionism - Non-Jewish Zionism, Zionism - Relevant articles, Zionism - Types of Zionism, Zionism - Zionist institutes and organization, Zionism - History of Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Notes Read more here: » Zionism: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Anti-Zionism and post-Zionism |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Relevant articles
Zionism - Types of Zionism.
General Zionism
Labour Zionism
Religious Zionism
Revisionist Zionism
Christian Zionism
Zionism - Zionist institutes and organization.
Histadrut
The Jewish Agency
State of Israel
World Zionist Organization
Zionism - History of Zionism and Israel.
History of Israel
History of Palestine
Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
List of prominent Zionis ...
See also:Zionism, Zionism - Establishment of the Zionist movement, Zionism - Zionist initiatives, Zionism - Jewish reaction to Zionism, Zionism - Zionism and the Arab Muslims, Zionism - The struggle for Palestine, Zionism - Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Anti-Zionism and post-Zionism, Zionism - Non-Jewish Zionism, Zionism - Relevant articles, Zionism - Types of Zionism, Zionism - Zionist institutes and organization, Zionism - History of Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Notes Read more here: » Zionism: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Relevant articles |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Zionism and Israel In 1947 Britain announced its intention to withdraw from Palestine, and on 29 November the United Nations General Assembly voted to partition Palestine into an Arab state and a Jewish state (with Jerusalem becoming an international enclave). Civil conflict between the Arabs and Jews in Palestine erupted immediately. On 14 May 1948 the leaders of the Jewish community in Palestine made a declaration of independence, and the state of Israel was established. This marked a major turning point in the Zionist movement, as its principal goal had now been accomplished. Many Zionist institutions were reshaped, and the three military movemen ...
See also:Zionism, Zionism - Establishment of the Zionist movement, Zionism - Zionist initiatives, Zionism - Jewish reaction to Zionism, Zionism - Zionism and the Arab Muslims, Zionism - The struggle for Palestine, Zionism - Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Anti-Zionism and post-Zionism, Zionism - Non-Jewish Zionism, Zionism - Relevant articles, Zionism - Types of Zionism, Zionism - Zionist institutes and organization, Zionism - History of Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Notes Read more here: » Zionism: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Zionism and Israel |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Non-Jewish Zionism Many non-Jews support the State of Israel, and some of these may choose to define themselves as Zionists. Non-Jewish support for Zionism takes various forms:
The traditional support from the political left for the Jews as an oppressed people and for Israel as a semi-socialist state. Since the Six-Day War the first of these has been almost entirely lost as the left has shifted its sympathy to the Palestinians, while the second has been lost since the Israeli Labor Party lost its hold on power in 1977. In the United States, Israel ...
See also:Zionism, Zionism - Establishment of the Zionist movement, Zionism - Zionist initiatives, Zionism - Jewish reaction to Zionism, Zionism - Zionism and the Arab Muslims, Zionism - The struggle for Palestine, Zionism - Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Anti-Zionism and post-Zionism, Zionism - Non-Jewish Zionism, Zionism - Relevant articles, Zionism - Types of Zionism, Zionism - Zionist institutes and organization, Zionism - History of Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Notes Read more here: » Zionism: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Non-Jewish Zionism |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - The struggle for Palestine With the defeat and dismantlement of the Ottoman Empire in 1918, and the establishment of the British Mandate over Palestine by the League of Nations in 1922, the Zionist movement entered a new phase of activity. Its priorities were the escalation of Jewish settlement in Palestine, the building of the institutional foundations of a Jewish state, raising funds for these purposes, and persuading — or forcing — the British authorities not to take any steps which would lead to Palestine moving towards independence as an Arab-majority state. ...
See also:Zionism, Zionism - Establishment of the Zionist movement, Zionism - Zionist initiatives, Zionism - Jewish reaction to Zionism, Zionism - Zionism and the Arab Muslims, Zionism - The struggle for Palestine, Zionism - Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Anti-Zionism and post-Zionism, Zionism - Non-Jewish Zionism, Zionism - Relevant articles, Zionism - Types of Zionism, Zionism - Zionist institutes and organization, Zionism - History of Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Notes Read more here: » Zionism: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - The struggle for Palestine |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Jewish reaction to Zionism Support for the Zionist movement was not initially a mainstream position in the world Jewish community, and it was actively opposed by many Jewish organizations. While traditional Jewish belief held that Eretz Yisrael (the Land of Israel) was given to the ancient Israelites by God, and that therefore the right of the Jews to that land was permanent and inalienable, most Orthodox groups held that the Messiah must appear before Israel could return to Jewish control, and Reform Judaism (prior to the Holocaust) explicitly rejected Zionism ...
See also:Zionism, Zionism - Establishment of the Zionist movement, Zionism - Zionist initiatives, Zionism - Jewish reaction to Zionism, Zionism - Zionism and the Arab Muslims, Zionism - The struggle for Palestine, Zionism - Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Anti-Zionism and post-Zionism, Zionism - Non-Jewish Zionism, Zionism - Relevant articles, Zionism - Types of Zionism, Zionism - Zionist institutes and organization, Zionism - History of Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Notes Read more here: » Zionism: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Jewish reaction to Zionism |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Zionist initiatives While Zionism is based heavily upon religious tradition linking the Jewish people to the Land of Israel, the modern movement was originally secular, beginning largely as a response to rampant antisemitism in late 19th century Europe. It was the Jewish answer to the Eastern European, mainly Russian Pogroms
In 1883, Nathan Birnbaum, nineteen years old, founded Kadimah, the first Jewish Students Association in Vienna. In 1884 the first issue of Selbstemanzipation or Self Emancipation appeared, completely made by Nathan Birnbaum himself. Kadimah was the first Jewish nationalist orientated organisation, ...
See also:Zionism, Zionism - Establishment of the Zionist movement, Zionism - Zionist initiatives, Zionism - Jewish reaction to Zionism, Zionism - Zionism and the Arab Muslims, Zionism - The struggle for Palestine, Zionism - Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Anti-Zionism and post-Zionism, Zionism - Non-Jewish Zionism, Zionism - Relevant articles, Zionism - Types of Zionism, Zionism - Zionist institutes and organization, Zionism - History of Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Notes Read more here: » Zionism: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Zionist initiatives |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Zionism and the Arab Muslims Much of Arab Muslim society rejects the notion that Jews, as a historically subjugated minority, could be integrated into Muslim society outside of a dhimmi status. Unlike the Jewish emancipation as a product of the Age of Enlightenment in Christendom, Arab Muslim society fought to maintain Jews traditional role in their societies. Furthermore, the notion of Jewish self-rule was a complete anathema to ...
See also:Zionism, Zionism - Establishment of the Zionist movement, Zionism - Zionist initiatives, Zionism - Jewish reaction to Zionism, Zionism - Zionism and the Arab Muslims, Zionism - The struggle for Palestine, Zionism - Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Anti-Zionism and post-Zionism, Zionism - Non-Jewish Zionism, Zionism - Relevant articles, Zionism - Types of Zionism, Zionism - Zionist institutes and organization, Zionism - History of Zionism and Israel, Zionism - Notes Read more here: » Zionism: Encyclopedia II - Zionism - Zionism and the Arab Muslims |
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| | | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Vilna Gaon - Influence He was one of the most influential Rabbinic authorities since the Middle Ages, and – although he is counted as an Acharon – he is held by many authorities after him as belonging to the Rishonim (Rabbinic authorities of the Middle Ages). Large groups of people, including many yeshivas, uphold the set of customs (minhag) that can be traced back to him: the minhag ha-Gra.
His main student Rabbi Chaim Volozhin, founded the first yeshiva in his home town of Volozhin, Lithuania (now in Belarus). The results of this move, which met with the Vilna Gaon's approval, revolutionised Torah study, and the results of this p ...
See also:Vilna Gaon, Vilna Gaon - Youth and education, Vilna Gaon - Methods of study, Vilna Gaon - Antagonism to Hasidism, Vilna Gaon - Other work, Vilna Gaon - Ascetism, Vilna Gaon - Works, Vilna Gaon - Influence Read more here: » Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Vilna Gaon - Influence |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Vilna Gaon - Ascetism Elijah led an ascetic life. He interpreted literally the words of the ancient rabbis, that the Torah can be acquired only by abandoning all pleasures and by cheerfully accepting suffering; and as he lived up to this principle, he was revered by his countrymen as a saint, being called by some of his contemporaries "the Hasid".
Elijah once started on a trip to the Land of Israel, but did not get beyond Germany (although in the very early nineteenth century, waves of his students did manage the trip, settling mostly in the city of Tzfat. While at Königsberg he wrote to his family a letter which was published under the tit ...
See also:Vilna Gaon, Vilna Gaon - Youth and education, Vilna Gaon - Methods of study, Vilna Gaon - Antagonism to Hasidism, Vilna Gaon - Other work, Vilna Gaon - Ascetism, Vilna Gaon - Works, Vilna Gaon - Influence Read more here: » Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Vilna Gaon - Ascetism |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Vilna Gaon - Methods of study Elijah applied to the Talmud and rabbinic literature proper philological methods. He made an attempt toward a critical examination of the text; and thus, very often with a single reference to a parallel passage, or with a textual emendation, overthrew tenuous decisions of his rabbinic predecessors.
He devoted much time to the study of the Hebrew Bible and Hebrew grammar, and was knowledgeable in the secular sciences, enriching the latter by his original contributions. His pupils and friends had to pursue the same plain and simple meth ...
See also:Vilna Gaon, Vilna Gaon - Youth and education, Vilna Gaon - Methods of study, Vilna Gaon - Antagonism to Hasidism, Vilna Gaon - Other work, Vilna Gaon - Ascetism, Vilna Gaon - Works, Vilna Gaon - Influence Read more here: » Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Vilna Gaon - Methods of study |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Vilna Gaon - Antagonism to Hasidism When Hasidic Judaism became influential in his native town Elijah, joining the rabbis and heads of the Polish communities, took steps to check the Hasidic influence. In 1777 the first excommunication by the Mitnagdim was launched at Vilna against the Hasidim, while a letter was also addressed to all the large communities, exhorting them to deal with the Hasidim after the example of Vilna, and to watch them until they had recanted. The letter was acted upon by several communities; and in Brody, during the fair, the cherem (ban of ...
See also:Vilna Gaon, Vilna Gaon - Youth and education, Vilna Gaon - Methods of study, Vilna Gaon - Antagonism to Hasidism, Vilna Gaon - Other work, Vilna Gaon - Ascetism, Vilna Gaon - Works, Vilna Gaon - Influence Read more here: » Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Vilna Gaon - Antagonism to Hasidism |
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| | | | | Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Vilna Gaon - Other work Except in this instance, Elijah almost never took part in public affairs; and, so far as is known, he did not preside over any great school in Vilna. He was satisfied, as has been already stated, with lecturing in his bet ha-midrash to a few chosen pupils, whom he initiated into his scientific methods. He taught them Hebrew grammar, Hebrew Bible, and Mishna, subjects which were largely neglected by the Talmudists of that time. He was especially anxious to introduce them to the study of the midrash literature, and the minor treatises of the Talmud, which were very ...
See also:Vilna Gaon, Vilna Gaon - Youth and education, Vilna Gaon - Methods of study, Vilna Gaon - Antagonism to Hasidism, Vilna Gaon - Other work, Vilna Gaon - Ascetism, Vilna Gaon - Works, Vilna Gaon - Influence Read more here: » Vilna Gaon: Encyclopedia II - Vilna Gaon - Other work |
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