Sayana or Sayanacharya Sayanacarya (Sanskrit) The celebrated commentator on the Rig-Veda, who flourished under Vira-bukka I of Vijaya-nagara (1350-79). Some of his works were written in conjunction with his brother Madhava, who was the prime minister of Vira-bukka, also known as Madhavacharya, a celebrated teacher and scholar.

Madhavacharya brought into clearer focus the Dvaita-Vedanta (dualistic Vedanta), according to which Brahma and the human soul, although intimately connected, are distinct. This teaching is in direct contradistinction with that of Sankaracharya, the greatest historic exponent of the Advaita-Vedanta (nondualistic Vedanta), according to the teaching of which, spirit and matter, Brahman-atman (divinity) and the human spirit, are one in essence.

(See also: Sayana, Sayanacharya, Sayanacarya , Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary)

For more dictionary entries, see » Vijaya Dictionary

Dantavakra:

Dantavakra (Dhanthavakra). The rebirth of Vijaya, doorkeeper of Vishnu, as a demonic king; was killed in battle by Krishna and returned to Vishnu's abode.

(See also: Dantavakra , Hinduism, Hinduism Dictionary, Sanskrit Dictionary, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Vijaya Dictionary

Dig vijaya:

Dig vijaya: conquest of territory (SSS-IV)

(See also: Dig vijaya , Hinduism, Hinduism Dictionary, Sanskrit Dictionary, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Vijaya Dictionary

Dharma vijaya:

Dharma vijaya: the triumph of righteousness (SSS-IV)

(See also: Dharma vijaya , Hinduism, Hinduism Dictionary, Sanskrit Dictionary, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Vijaya Dictionary

Jaya and Vijaya:

Jaya and Vijaya: two doorkeepers of Vaikuntha who were cursed on account of offending the four Kumara Rsis, and who thus both had to take birth three times in the material world as great demons.

(See also: Jaya and Vijaya , Hinduism, Hinduism Dictionary, Sanskrit Dictionary, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Vijaya Dictionary

Vijaya and Jaya:

Vijaya and Jaya: two doorkeepers of Vaikuntha who were cursed on account of offending the four Kumara Rishis, and who thus both had to take birth three times in the material world as great demons.

(See also: Vijaya and Jaya , Hinduism, Hinduism Dictionary, Sanskrit Dictionary, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Vijaya Dictionary

The kingdom of Champa (or Lin-yi in Chinese records) controlled what is now south and central Vietnam from approximately 192 through 1697. The empire began to decline in the late 15th century, became a Vietnamese vassal state in 1697, and was finally dissolved in 1832. Writing Champa's history was dominated, until the end of the Twentieth Century, by the Chinese and Vietname annals. This imposed a unitary view on Cham history which is not supported by epigraphical, geographical, or archaeological records. Recently, a rev ...

Including:

• Champa - Prehistory
• Champa - History
• Champa - The dynasties of Champa
• Champa - External References

Read more here: » Champa: Encyclopedia - Champa

Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 590s BC - 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC 540s BC - Events and trends. 547 BC -- Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys. 546 BC -- Cyrus of Persia completes his conquest of Lydia, and makes Pasargadae his capital. 544 BC -- People of Teos migrate to Abdera, Thrace to escape the yoke of Persia.Including:

• 540s BC - Events and trends
• 540s BC - Significant people

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Sri Lanka is a tropical island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of India. Sri Lanka - Name. In 1972, the official name of the nation that governs the island was changed to the Free, Sovereign and Independent Republic of Sri Lanka (ශ්‍රී ලංකා in Sinhala / இலங்கை in Tamil). In 1978 this was changed to the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. Prior to 1972, Sri Lanka was known by a variety of names. Sri Lanka ("resplendent land" in Sanskri ...

Including:

• Sri Lanka - Name
• Sri Lanka - History
• Sri Lanka - Politics
• Sri Lanka - Provinces
• Sri Lanka - Geography
• Sri Lanka - Ecology
• Sri Lanka - Economy
• Sri Lanka - Demographics
• Sri Lanka - Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka
• Sri Lanka - Culture of Sri Lanka
• Sri Lanka - Miscellaneous Facts about Sri Lanka

Read more here: » Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia - Sri Lanka

Legend states that the prince Vijaya came to Sri Lanka from Orissa, in north-eastern India, during the sixth century BCE and started to rule the native people in Sri Lanka, who were known as the Veddas. The Mahavamsa is claimed to give a nearly continuous written history of the island and is the prime source for the early chronology of India, especially for the synchronity with Alexander the Great and the greeks. Archeological evidence on several occasions supplements the information found in the Mahavamsa as it places p ...

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Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Name, Sri Lanka - History, Sri Lanka - Politics, Sri Lanka - Provinces, Sri Lanka - Geography, Sri Lanka - Ecology, Sri Lanka - Economy, Sri Lanka - Demographics, Sri Lanka - Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Culture of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Miscellaneous Facts about Sri Lanka

Read more here: » Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia II - Sri Lanka - History

Dominion status followed in February 1948, with military treaties with Britain (the upper ranks of the armed forces were British) and British air and sea bases remaining intact. Senanayake became the first Prime Minister of Sri Lanka. In 1949, with the concurrence of the leaders of the Ceylon Tamils, he disenfranchised the Indian Tamil plantation workers.[14][15] He died in 1952 and was succeeded first by his son Dudley Senanayake and in 1953 - following a massive general strike or 'Hartal' by the Left parties against the UNP government whic ...

See also:

History of Sri Lanka, History of Sri Lanka - Pre-history, History of Sri Lanka - Early history, History of Sri Lanka - European occupation, History of Sri Lanka - British Rule, History of Sri Lanka - The struggle for independence, History of Sri Lanka - Second World War, History of Sri Lanka - Post War, History of Sri Lanka - Independence, History of Sri Lanka - Independent Republic, History of Sri Lanka - Second Republic, History of Sri Lanka - Civil war, History of Sri Lanka - Ceasefire

Read more here: » History of Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia II - History of Sri Lanka - Independence

Champa was established by the rebellion of a local official named Kiu-lien against the Chinese authority in 192 in the region of present-day Hue. Champa included thereafter the modern provinces of Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hoa, Ninh Thuan, and Binh Thuan. Initially closely tied to Chinese cultural and religious traditions, wars with neighboring Funan and the acquisition of Funanese territory in the fourth century saw the infusion of Indian culture into Cham society. The Cham language is part of the Austronesian family. Cham communities exist in contempora ...

See also:

Champa, Champa - Prehistory, Champa - History, Champa - The dynasties of Champa, Champa - External References

Read more here: » Champa: Encyclopedia II - Champa - History

Sri Lanka - Prehistory. The Dipavamsa and Mahavamsa are claimed to give a near-continuous written history of the island and is also the primary source for the early chronology of India, especially for the synchronity with Alexander the Great and the Greeks. Archaeological evidence supplements the Mahavamsa as it places people (perhaps the indigenous Yakkas and Nagas of the chronicle) of indistinguishable racial origin living in the north-central Sri Lanka from the 10th century BC onwards with knowledge of agricul ...

See also:

Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Name, Sri Lanka - History, Sri Lanka - Prehistory, Sri Lanka - Ancient History, Sri Lanka - Colonial Rule, Sri Lanka - Independence, Sri Lanka - Sinhala-Tamil conflict, Sri Lanka - JVP rebellion, Sri Lanka - Guerrilla war, Sri Lanka - Second JVP rebellion, Sri Lanka - Indo-Sri Lanka Accord, Sri Lanka - Muslim exodus, Sri Lanka - Ceasefire and talks, Sri Lanka - Tsunami, Sri Lanka - Politics, Sri Lanka - Provinces, Sri Lanka - Geography, Sri Lanka - Ecology, Sri Lanka - Economy, Sri Lanka - Demographics, Sri Lanka - Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Culture of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Miscellaneous facts about Sri Lanka

Read more here: » Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia II - Sri Lanka - History

Under Jayewardene's government the ethnic situation deteriorated, and in 1983 civil war (Eelam War I) broke out, with the Tamil areas coming under the control of separatist militias. In July ('Black July') the UNP Government launched another pogrom against Tamil civilians and Colombo became a lawless battlefield for a week. Hundreds of educated Tamil youth from Colombo joined the separatist cause in response. The Tigers and similar groups outflanked the moderate Tamil nationalist parties and found a constituency among the many educated but u ...

See also:

History of Sri Lanka, History of Sri Lanka - Pre-history, History of Sri Lanka - Early history, History of Sri Lanka - European occupation, History of Sri Lanka - British Rule, History of Sri Lanka - The struggle for independence, History of Sri Lanka - Second World War, History of Sri Lanka - Post War, History of Sri Lanka - Independence, History of Sri Lanka - Independent Republic, History of Sri Lanka - Second Republic, History of Sri Lanka - Civil war, History of Sri Lanka - Ceasefire

Read more here: » History of Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia II - History of Sri Lanka - Civil war

The President of the Republic, who is directly elected for a six-year term, serves as Head of State, Head of Government and Commander in Chief of the armed forces. The President is responsible to Parliament for the exercise of duties in accordance with the Constitution and laws. The incumbent may be removed from office by a two-thirds vote of Parliament, with the concurrence of the Supreme Court. The President appoints and heads a Cabinet of Ministers responsible to Parliament. The President's deputy is the Prime Minister, who leads the ruli ...

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Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Name, Sri Lanka - History, Sri Lanka - Politics, Sri Lanka - Provinces, Sri Lanka - Geography, Sri Lanka - Ecology, Sri Lanka - Economy, Sri Lanka - Demographics, Sri Lanka - Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Culture of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Miscellaneous Facts about Sri Lanka

Read more here: » Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia II - Sri Lanka - Politics

Racial identities in Sri Lanka do not represent the genetic heritage. Assimilation and intermixing has produced a group of people who are marginaly different from each other irrespective of current racial claims. About 74% of Sri Lankans are Sinhalese, most of them Buddhist, mostly following the Theravada tradition. Tamils constitute 18%, are predominantly Hindu, and live mostly in the north, east and central provinces. Tamils ...

See also:

Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Name, Sri Lanka - History, Sri Lanka - Prehistory, Sri Lanka - Ancient History, Sri Lanka - Colonial Rule, Sri Lanka - Independence, Sri Lanka - Sinhala-Tamil conflict, Sri Lanka - JVP rebellion, Sri Lanka - Guerrilla war, Sri Lanka - Second JVP rebellion, Sri Lanka - Indo-Sri Lanka Accord, Sri Lanka - Muslim exodus, Sri Lanka - Ceasefire and talks, Sri Lanka - Tsunami, Sri Lanka - Politics, Sri Lanka - Provinces, Sri Lanka - Geography, Sri Lanka - Ecology, Sri Lanka - Economy, Sri Lanka - Demographics, Sri Lanka - Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Culture of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Miscellaneous facts about Sri Lanka

Read more here: » Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia II - Sri Lanka - Demographics

See Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka The ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka is an ongoing conflict between the majority Sinhalese and minority Tamils on the island-nation of Sri Lanka. Since 1983, there has been on-and-off civil war, mostly between the government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, or the LTTE, who want to create an independent Tamil Eelam state in the northeast of the island. It is estimated that the war has left 65,000 people dead since 1983 and caused great harm to the population and economy of the country. A cease-fire was declared in 2002, but renewed ...

See also:

Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Name, Sri Lanka - History, Sri Lanka - Prehistory, Sri Lanka - Ancient History, Sri Lanka - Colonial Rule, Sri Lanka - Independence, Sri Lanka - Sinhala-Tamil conflict, Sri Lanka - JVP rebellion, Sri Lanka - Guerrilla war, Sri Lanka - Second JVP rebellion, Sri Lanka - Indo-Sri Lanka Accord, Sri Lanka - Muslim exodus, Sri Lanka - Ceasefire and talks, Sri Lanka - Tsunami, Sri Lanka - Politics, Sri Lanka - Provinces, Sri Lanka - Geography, Sri Lanka - Ecology, Sri Lanka - Economy, Sri Lanka - Demographics, Sri Lanka - Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Culture of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Miscellaneous facts about Sri Lanka

Read more here: » Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia II - Sri Lanka - Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka

The first Europeans to visit Sri Lanka in modern times were the Portuguese: Francisco de Almeida arrived in 1505, finding the island divided into seven warring kingdoms and unable to fend off intruders. The Portuguese founded a fort at the Muslim port city of Colombo in 1517 and gradually extended their control over the coastal areas. In 1592 the Sinhalese moved their capital to the inland city of Kandy, a location more secure against attack from invade ...

See also:

History of Sri Lanka, History of Sri Lanka - Pre-history, History of Sri Lanka - Early history, History of Sri Lanka - European occupation, History of Sri Lanka - British Rule, History of Sri Lanka - The struggle for independence, History of Sri Lanka - Second World War, History of Sri Lanka - Post War, History of Sri Lanka - Independence, History of Sri Lanka - Independent Republic, History of Sri Lanka - Second Republic, History of Sri Lanka - Civil war, History of Sri Lanka - Ceasefire

Read more here: » History of Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia II - History of Sri Lanka - European occupation

In 1919 the Ceylon National Congress(CNC) was founded to agitate for greater autonomy. The party soon split along ethnic and caste lines, however. It did not seek independence: in the 1930s ministers of the Congress petitioned the colonial government to increase their powers, instead of demanding independence - they were forced to withdraw their 'Ministers' Memorandum' after a vigorous campaign by the Youth Leagues.[8][9] The Marxist Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP), which grew out of the Youth Leagues in 1935, was the first party to de ...

See also:

History of Sri Lanka, History of Sri Lanka - Pre-history, History of Sri Lanka - Early history, History of Sri Lanka - European occupation, History of Sri Lanka - British Rule, History of Sri Lanka - The struggle for independence, History of Sri Lanka - Second World War, History of Sri Lanka - Post War, History of Sri Lanka - Independence, History of Sri Lanka - Independent Republic, History of Sri Lanka - Second Republic, History of Sri Lanka - Civil war, History of Sri Lanka - Ceasefire

Read more here: » History of Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia II - History of Sri Lanka - The struggle for independence

The island of Sri Lanka lies within the Indian Ocean, with the Bay of Bengal to the northeast. It is separated from the Indian subcontinent by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait. According to Hindu mythology, a land bridge to the Indian mainland, known as Rama's Bridge, was constructed during the time of Rama. Now usually referred to as Adam's Bridge, it is now mostly submerged, with only a chain of limestone shoals remaining above sea level. According to temple records this natural causeway was formerly complete, but was breached by a v ...

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Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Name, Sri Lanka - History, Sri Lanka - Politics, Sri Lanka - Provinces, Sri Lanka - Geography, Sri Lanka - Ecology, Sri Lanka - Economy, Sri Lanka - Demographics, Sri Lanka - Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Culture of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Miscellaneous Facts about Sri Lanka

Read more here: » Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia II - Sri Lanka - Geography

Sri Lanka is one of the world's bio-diversity hot-spots. Its forests are amongst the most floristically rich in Asia and for some faunal groups, it has the highest density of species diversity in the world. The southwest portion of the island, where the influence of the moisture-bearing southwest monsoon is strongest, is home to the Sri Lanka lowland rain forests. At higher elevations they transition to the Sri Lanka montane rain forests. Both these tropical moist forest ecoregions bear strong affinities to those of India's Western Ghats.

Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Name, Sri Lanka - History, Sri Lanka - Politics, Sri Lanka - Provinces, Sri Lanka - Geography, Sri Lanka - Ecology, Sri Lanka - Economy, Sri Lanka - Demographics, Sri Lanka - Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Culture of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka - Miscellaneous Facts about Sri Lanka

Read more here: » Sri Lanka: Encyclopedia II - Sri Lanka - Ecology