Vestfold

Vestfold is a county in Norway, bordering Buskerud and Telemark. The county administration is in Tønsberg. Vestfold is located west of the Oslo Fjord, as the name indicates. It includes many smaller, but well-known towns in Norway, such as Larvik, Sandefjord, Tønsberg and Horten. The river Numedalslågen runs through the district. Many islands are located at the coast. Vestfold is known for shipping and sailing. Formerly a headquarters for whaling fleets, the coastal towns of Vestfold now engage in fishing and shipbuilding. Some lumbering is carried on in the interior. The district als ...

Including:

• Vestfold - History
• Vestfold - Municipalities

Read more here: » Vestfold: Encyclopedia - Vestfold

The family of Harald Fairhair, who is said to be the first king of the whole Norway, was from this area. At that time Vestfold, including Lier and Eiker, was a petty kingdom. Kings of Vestfold include: Erik Agnarsson Halfdan Hvitbeinn (part of Vestfold) Eystein Halfdansson Halfdan the Mild Gudrød the Hunter Halfdan the Black, together with his brother, Olaf Gudrødsson Ragnvald the Mountain-High Harald Fairhair Bjørn Farmann Olaf Haraldsson Geirstadalf, brother of Bjørn Harald ...

See also:

Vestfold, Vestfold - History, Vestfold - Municipalities

Read more here: » Vestfold: Encyclopedia II - Vestfold - History

The family of Harald Fairhair, who is said to be the first king of the whole Norway, was from this area. At that time Vestfold, including Lier and Eiker, was a petty kingdom. Erik Agnarsson Halfdan Hvitbeinn (part of Vestfold) Eystein Halfdansson Halfdan the Mild Gudrød the Hunter Halfdan the Black, together with his brother, Olaf Gudrødsson Ragnvald the Mountain-High Harald Fairhair Bjørn Farmann Olaf Haraldsson Geirstadalf, brother of Bjørn Harald ...

See also:

Vestfold, Vestfold - History, Vestfold - Municipalities

Read more here: » Vestfold: Encyclopedia II - Vestfold - History

Buskerud is a county in Norway, bordering Akershus, Oslo, Oppland, Sogn og Fjordane, Hordaland, Telemark, and Vestfold. The county administration is located in Drammen. Buskerud extends from Hurum at the Oslofjord to the Halling mountains and Hardanger. Its western part is a mountaneous plateau with forested valleys and high, grassy pastures; its eastern part contains a lowland basin with many lakes and streams. Tyrifjorden and Krøderen are the biggest lakes. Numedalslågen, the third longest river in Norway, starting in Hordaland, runs through Buskerud unto Vestfold where it reaches the sea ...

Including:

• Buskerud - Municipalities

Read more here: » Buskerud: Encyclopedia - Buskerud

Norway is divided into 19 administrative regions, called counties (Norwegian: singular fylke, plural fylker (Bokmål) / fylke (Nynorsk); until 1918 known as amt, pl. amter / amt), and 431 municipalities (kommune, pl. kommuner / kommunar). The capital Oslo is considered as both a county and a municipality. There is some political disagreement on whether counties are a practical or indeed necessary level of adm ...

Including:

• Counties of Norway - List of counties

Read more here: » Counties of Norway: Encyclopedia - Counties of Norway

Ynglingatal is a skaldic poem listing the kings of the House of Ynglings. Although, there was a hypothesis of a late origin during the early 90s, most scholars hold it to be from the late 9th century, see below. The original version is attributed to Þjóðólfr of Hvinir who was the skald of a Norwegian petty king named Ragnvald the Mountain-High and who was a cousin of Harald Fairhair. The reason was that the Norwegian kings claimed descendance from the Norse gods through the royal dynasty of Sweden, a dynasty w ...

Including:

• Ynglingatal - Controversy
• Ynglingatal - The late origin hypothesis
• Ynglingatal - Evidence against the late hypothesis

Read more here: » Ynglingatal: Encyclopedia - Ynglingatal

In the Viking Age, the area was part of Vingulmark, which in turn was part of Viken and included Båhuslen. It and was partly under Swedish rule until the time of Harald Fairhair. Later, when Norway was under Danish rule, the Danish king divided the area into many baronies, and the name Smålenene came into use. This is reflected to this day, in that contrary to many other traditional districts of Norway, Østfold is culturally not a unity, but instead a mosaic of areas ...

See also:

Østfold, Østfold - History, Østfold - Municipalities

Read more here: » Østfold: Encyclopedia II - Østfold - History

See also: List of national leaders (in office), state leaders by year. Lists of office-holders - Middle East & North Africa. Algeria Heads of state of Algeria Heads of government of Algeria (see also: Prime Ministers of Algeria with information specific to that post) Colonial heads of Algeria Colonial heads of Oran Rulers of Kel Ahaggar Rulers of Qusantina (Constantine) Rulers of Tuggurt ...

See also:

Lists of office-holders, Lists of office-holders - Heads of international organizations, Lists of office-holders - Heads of state or government defunct entities, Lists of office-holders - Ancient world, Lists of office-holders - Middle Ages and Early Modern Period, Lists of office-holders - Heads of state or government modern entities, Lists of office-holders - Middle East & North Africa, Lists of office-holders - Other Africa, Lists of office-holders - America Central and the Caribbean, Lists of office-holders - America North, Lists of office-holders - America South, Lists of office-holders - Other Asia, Lists of office-holders - Oceania, Lists of office-holders - Europe, Lists of office-holders - Heads of modern subnational entities, Lists of office-holders - Australia, Lists of office-holders - Belgium, Lists of office-holders - Canada, Lists of office-holders - China People's Republic of, Lists of office-holders - Finland, Lists of office-holders - France, Lists of office-holders - Germany, Lists of office-holders - India, Lists of office-holders - New Zealand, Lists of office-holders - Sweden, Lists of office-holders - United States, Lists of office-holders - Ministers by portfolio, Lists of office-holders - Municipal leaders, Lists of office-holders - Religious leaders, Lists of office-holders - Christian, Lists of office-holders - Judaism, Lists of office-holders - Islam, Lists of office-holders - Buddhist, Lists of office-holders - Ancient Rome

Read more here: » Lists of office-holders: Encyclopedia II - Lists of office-holders - Heads of state or government modern entities

The region is delimited by mountains in the north and west, by the Swedish border to the east and by Viken and Skagerrak to the south. The border towards Sørlandet is less pronounced. The mountains reach a height of 2469 metres in the Jotunheimen mountain range, the highest point in the Nordic countries (excluding Greenland). Other prominent mountain ranges include the Dovrefjell in the far north of the region, the Rondane north east of Lillehammer and others. The high plateau of Har ...

See also:

Østlandet, Østlandet - Geography, Østlandet - People culture and folklore

Read more here: » Østlandet: Encyclopedia II - Østlandet - Geography

There are no direct elections to the executive branch, as the monarchy is hereditary. Following parliamentary elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch with the approval of the Parliament. Statsministerens kontor (Office of the Prime Minister) Arbeids- og sosialdepartementet (Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs) Barne- og familiedepartementet (Ministry of Children and Family Affa ...

See also:

Politics of Norway, Politics of Norway - Constitutional development, Politics of Norway - Executive branch, Politics of Norway - Governments 1935-1981, Politics of Norway - Governments 1981-2005, Politics of Norway - Current government, Politics of Norway - Legislative branch, Politics of Norway - Political parties and elections, Politics of Norway - Judicial branch, Politics of Norway - Administrative divisions, Politics of Norway - Dependent areas, Politics of Norway - International organization participation

Read more here: » Politics of Norway: Encyclopedia II - Politics of Norway - Executive branch

Main article: Heptarchy Before the Kingdom of England was established as a united entity, there were various kingdoms in the area - of which the main seven were known as the heptarchy. These were Wessex, Mercia, Northumbria, East Anglia, Sussex, Kent, and Essex. ...

See also:

Petty kingdom, Petty kingdom - Petty kingdoms of England, Petty kingdom - Petty kingdoms of Iberia, Petty kingdom - Petty kingdoms of Norway, Petty kingdom - Petty kingdoms of Scotland, Petty kingdom - Petty kingdoms of Sweden

Read more here: » Petty kingdom: Encyclopedia II - Petty kingdom - Petty kingdoms of England

List of International Baccalaureate schools - Argentina. New Model International School, Buenos Aires Northlands School, Olivos, Buenos Aires Saint Andrew's Scots School, Olivos, Buenos Aires Saint John's School, Martínez and Beccar, Buenos Aires St. Catherine's & St.Catherine's Moorlands School Buenos Aires List of Internationa ...

See also:

List of International Baccalaureate schools, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Schools offering the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Argentina, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Australia, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Austria, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Belgium, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Bosnia and Herzegovina, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Brazil, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Canada, List of International Baccalaureate schools - People's Republic of China, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Czech Republic, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Colombia, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Denmark, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Dominican Republic, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Egypt, List of International Baccalaureate schools - El Salvador, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Finland, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Germany, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Greece, List of International Baccalaureate schools - India, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Indonesia, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Iran, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Ireland, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Italy, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Japan, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Jordan, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Latvia, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Luxembourg, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Morocco, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Mexico, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Netherlands, List of International Baccalaureate schools - New Zealand, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Norway, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Oman, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Panama, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Peru, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Philippines, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Poland, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Portugal, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Singapore, List of International Baccalaureate schools - South Africa, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Spain, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Swaziland, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Sweden, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Switzerland, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Taiwan, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Thailand, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Turkey, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Ukraine, List of International Baccalaureate schools - United Kingdom, List of International Baccalaureate schools - United States, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Schools offering the International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Canada, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Finland, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Jordan, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Hong Kong, List of International Baccalaureate schools - United States, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Schools offering the International Baccalaureate Primary Years Programme, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Canada, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Finland, List of International Baccalaureate schools - New Zealand, List of International Baccalaureate schools - South Africa, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Spain, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Swaziland, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Sweden, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Switzerland, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Taiwan, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Tanzania, List of International Baccalaureate schools - Ukraine, List of International Baccalaureate schools - United Kingdom, List of International Baccalaureate schools - United States

Read more here: » List of International Baccalaureate schools: Encyclopedia II - List of International Baccalaureate schools - Schools offering the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme

According to the Norse sagas, Oslo was founded around 1048 by king Harald Hardråde. Recent archaeological research has uncovered Christian burials from before 1000, evidence of a preceding urban settlement. This called for the celebration of Oslo's millennium in 2000. The origin of the name is still somewhat unclear. While "-lo" almost certainly means "lee" or "harbour", "os" may have several connotations, including one of the norse pantheons, a river mouth or a hillside. It has been regarded as the capital city since the reign of Håkon V ...

See also:

Oslo, Oslo - Physical environment, Oslo - History, Oslo - Some points of interest, Oslo - Institutions of higher learning, Oslo - Communications, Oslo - Air, Oslo - Sea, Oslo - Train, Oslo - Local public transport, Oslo - Administration, Oslo - Media, Oslo - Sports, Oslo - Historical population, Oslo - Born in Oslo

Read more here: » Oslo: Encyclopedia II - Oslo - History

Many have pointed out that if the work actually is a propaganda work from the 12th century, why does it not end with a famous king such as Harald Fairhair? Instead it ends with the less known king Ragnvald the Mountain-High. Krag's defense that it was an old text about Ragnvald that had been inserted is considered farfetched and it actually contradicts his thesis. Hägerdal (1994) doubts that Christian ideas were unknown in Scandinavia before the 11th century and he (1994:4) has pointed out that the place names Borre and Skiringssal, in the part about the kings of Vestfold, were archa ...

See also:

Ynglingatal, Ynglingatal - Controversy, Ynglingatal - The late origin hypothesis, Ynglingatal - Evidence against the late hypothesis

Read more here: » Ynglingatal: Encyclopedia II - Ynglingatal - Evidence against the late hypothesis

Kongsberg is particularly known for its old silver mines, from which roughly 1,350 tonnes of silver was extracted between the discovery of silver ore seams in 1623, and the last year of mining, in 1957. In 1770, the mines employed ca 4,000 workers, and the town was the second largest in Norway, after Bergen (and thus larger than today's capital, Oslo). Following several hard years with reduced silver output from the mines, the war of 1807–1814, and a severe town fire in 1810 where 56 houses on the west side were destroyed, mining wa ...

See also:

Kongsberg, Kongsberg - Geography; Road and rail links, Kongsberg - The history of an industrial town, Kongsberg - Culture and music in Kongsberg, Kongsberg - Winter sports and sportspeople

Read more here: » Kongsberg: Encyclopedia II - Kongsberg - The history of an industrial town

Archaeological surveys have shown that stave churches, as they are best represented today by the Borgund stave church, descend from palisade constructions and later churches with earth-bound posts. The palisade constructions are known from buildings from the Viking era. Logs were split in two halves, rammed into the ground and given a roof. A simple construction yet very strong. If set in gravel the wall could last for decades, even centuries. Remains of buildings of this type are found over much of Europe. An archaeological survey in Lund uncov ...

See also:

Stave church, Stave church - Construction, Stave church - Single nave church Type A, Stave church - Church with a raised roof Type B, Stave church - History, Stave church - Architecture and decoration, Stave church - Dating of churches, Stave church - The old stave churches, Stave church - Later stave churches and replicas, Stave church - Archaeological sites and dismantled churches, Stave church - Footnote

Read more here: » Stave church: Encyclopedia II - Stave church - Construction

There are many ways to distinguish among Norwegian dialects. These criteria are drawn from the work Johnsen, Egil Børre (ed.) (1987) Vårt Eget Språk/Talemålet. H. Aschehoug & Co. ISBN 82-03-17092-7. These criteria generally provide the analytical means for identifying most dialects, though most Norwegians rely on experience to tell them apart. Norwegian dialects - Grammars and syntax. One of the most important differences among dialects is in the form the verb takes in infinitive for ...

See also:

Norwegian dialects, Norwegian dialects - Dialect groups, Norwegian dialects - Evolution of dialects, Norwegian dialects - Social dynamics and dialects, Norwegian dialects - Distinctions among dialects, Norwegian dialects - Grammars and syntax, Norwegian dialects - Accent and pronunciation, Norwegian dialects - Vocabulary

Read more here: » Norwegian dialects: Encyclopedia II - Norwegian dialects - Distinctions among dialects

See also: List of national leaders (in office), state leaders by year. Lists of office-holders - Africa. Algeria Heads of state of Algeria Heads of government of Algeria (see also: Prime Ministers of Algeria with information specific to that post) Colonial heads of Algeria Colonial heads of Oran Rulers of Kel Ahaggar Rulers of Qusantina (Constantine) Rulers of Tuggurt An ...

See also:

Lists of office-holders, Lists of office-holders - Heads of international organizations, Lists of office-holders - Heads of state or government defunct entities, Lists of office-holders - Ancient world, Lists of office-holders - Middle Ages and Early Modern Period, Lists of office-holders - Heads of state or government modern entities, Lists of office-holders - Africa, Lists of office-holders - America Central and the Caribbean, Lists of office-holders - America North, Lists of office-holders - America South, Lists of office-holders - Asia, Lists of office-holders - Oceania, Lists of office-holders - Europe, Lists of office-holders - Middle East, Lists of office-holders - Heads of modern subnational entities, Lists of office-holders - Australia, Lists of office-holders - Belgium, Lists of office-holders - Canada, Lists of office-holders - China People's Republic of, Lists of office-holders - Finland, Lists of office-holders - France, Lists of office-holders - Germany, Lists of office-holders - India, Lists of office-holders - New Zealand, Lists of office-holders - Sweden, Lists of office-holders - United States, Lists of office-holders - Ministers by portfolio, Lists of office-holders - Municipal leaders, Lists of office-holders - Religious leaders, Lists of office-holders - Christian, Lists of office-holders - Judaism, Lists of office-holders - Islam, Lists of office-holders - Buddhist, Lists of office-holders - Ancient Rome

Read more here: » Lists of office-holders: Encyclopedia II - Lists of office-holders - Heads of state or government modern entities

In the 9th century Norway consisted of a number of petty kingdoms. According to tradition, Harald Fairhair gathered the small kingdoms into one and in 872 with the battle of Hafrsfjord, he established a feudal state. The Viking age (8th to 11th centuries) was one of national unification and expansion. The Norwegians settled on Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Greenland and parts of the British Islands and attempted to settle at L'Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland, Canada (it is the Vinland of The Saga of Eric the Red). Norwegians founded th ...

See also:

Norway, Norway - History, Norway - Politics, Norway - Subdivisions, Norway - Geography, Norway - Economy, Norway - Demographics, Norway - Culture, Norway - Miscellaneous topics, Norway - International rankings

Read more here: » Norway: Encyclopedia II - Norway - History

Some old historians used to believe that in the early Viking Age, before Harald Fairhair, Telemark was a petty kingdom. This is, however, unfounded. The film The heroes of Telemark is loosely based on the raid on a heavy water plant at Rjukan during World War II. Ray Mears made a documentary The real heroes of Telemark as a response to the inaccuracies of the film, giving an account more focused on the outdoor skills that were required for the operation (spending months in remote cabins). Until 1919 the c ...

See also:

Telemark, Telemark - Districts, Telemark - Notable people from Telemark, Telemark - History, Telemark - Municipalities

Read more here: » Telemark: Encyclopedia II - Telemark - History