Many more European documents seem to confirm that the distinctive traits of Romance languages occurred all around the same time (e.g. France's Serments de Strasburg). This may well be the earliest document in Italian, though the Placito Capuano, dating to 960 AD, is the one to give official status to the new language, being the first verdict of a judge ever spoken and recorded in an Italian court. Objections have been raised as to whether the Indovinello Veronese (which shows far more archaic traits) is really Italian, or, rather, late Latin: much obvious ...

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Veronese Riddle, Veronese Riddle - Text, Veronese Riddle - Explanation and origins of the Indovinello, Veronese Riddle - Text analysis and comments, Veronese Riddle - Conclusion, Veronese Riddle - External link

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Veronese Riddle, Veronese Riddle - Text, Veronese Riddle - Explanation and origins of the Indovinello, Veronese Riddle - Text analysis and comments, Veronese Riddle - Conclusion, Veronese Riddle - External link

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The lines of this riddle tell us of a somebody with a "pair of cows" (boves) who used to plow "white fields" (alba pratalia) with a "white plow" (albo versorio), sowing a "black seed" (negro semen). This person is the writer himself, the monk whose business is to copy old manuscripts. The two cows are his fingers which draw a white pen (the white plow) across the page (the white fields). This document dates to the late 8th-early 9th century and was followed by a small thanksgiving prayer in Latin: gratia ...

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Veronese Riddle, Veronese Riddle - Text, Veronese Riddle - Explanation and origins of the Indovinello, Veronese Riddle - Text analysis and comments, Veronese Riddle - Conclusion, Veronese Riddle - External link

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A riddle is a form of word puzzle designed to test someone's ingenuity in arriving at its solution. Riddles have a distinguished literary ancestry, although the contemporary sort of conundrum that passes under the name of "riddle" may not make this obvious. Riddles occur extensively in Old English poetry, and also in the Old Norse literature of the Elder Edda and the skalds. The Exeter Book, a manuscript in Old English, preserves almost sixty versified riddles from the Old English literature. An example: ...

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In computer programming, comments are parts of the source code which, together with its layout, are used to explain the code. Such comments are generally ignored by compilers and interpreters. Comments also exist in many markup languages and hardware description languages. Comment - Usage. Comments could summarise code or explain the programmer's intent. This is called the why rather than how approach. The two are often close, but not always. According to this school of thought, restating the code in ...

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Comment - Usage Comment - Styles Comment - Automatic documentation generation Comment - Other uses Comment - Examples
Comment - Summary Comment - In-context
Comment - External link

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There are a great variety of Buddhist texts. Buddhists place varying value on them: attitudes range from worship of the text itself, to dismissal of some texts as falsification of the ineffable truth. They therefore cannot be called "scripture" in the sense of other religions. The texts can be categorized in a number of ways, but the most fundamental division is that between canonical and non-canonical texts. The former, also called the Sutras (Sanskrit) or Suttas (Pali), are held to be, literally or metaphoricall ...

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• Buddhist texts - Canonical texts
• Buddhist texts - Non-canonical texts
• Buddhist texts - Texts of the Nikaya Schools
• Buddhist texts - Sutta
• Buddhist texts - Abhidharma
• Buddhist texts - Non-canonical texts
• Buddhist texts - Mahayana texts
• Buddhist texts - Perfection of Wisdom Texts
• Buddhist texts - Saddharma-pundarika
• Buddhist texts - Pure Land Sutras
• Buddhist texts - The Vimalakirti Nirdesha Sutra
• Buddhist texts - Samadhi Sutras
• Buddhist texts - Confession Sutras
• Buddhist texts - The Avatamsaka Sutra
• Buddhist texts - Third Turning Sutras
• Buddhist texts - Tathagatagarbha class sutras
• Buddhist texts - Collected Sutras
• Buddhist texts - Transmigration Sutras
• Buddhist texts - Discipline Sutras
• Buddhist texts - Sutras Devoted to Individual Figures
• Buddhist texts - Proto-Mahayana Sutras
• Buddhist texts - Non-canonical texts
• Buddhist texts - References
• Buddhist texts - Vajrayana Texts
• Buddhist texts - Buddhist tantras
• Buddhist texts - Other products of the Vajrayana literature

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A commentator is an individual who discusses social, political or cultural issues or events, typically in a public context; synonyms include pundit. Social commentator may refer to anything from a preacher to a columnist to a cultural critic. A live broadcast of a major public event, such as inauguration, funeral of a public figure, space flight or sporting occasion, is almost invariably accompanied by the thoughts of a commentator. This may be on television, accompanied by relevant images, or on radio. The technique involved differs between the two media, with radio broadcasters needing to be more explicit a ...

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Commentator - Related link

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A color (or colour) commentator is a member of the broadcasting team for a sporting event who assists the play-by-play announcer by filling in any time when play is not in progress. The color commentator provides expert analysis and background information, such as statistics, strategy and injury reports, on the teams and athletes, and occasionally light humor. Color commentators are usually people who ...

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Color commentator - Non-sports Color Commentators

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In language, text is a broad term for something that contains words to express something. In linguistics a text is a communicative act, fulfilling the seven constitutive and the three regulative principles of textuality. Both speech and written language, or language in other media can be seen as a text within linguistics. In literary theory a text is the object being studied, whether it be a novel, a poem, a film, an advertisement, or anything else with a linguistic component. The broad use of the term deri ...

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Content analysis (also called: textual analysis) is a standard methodology in the social sciences on the subject of communication content. Earl Babbie defines it as "the study of recorded human communications, such as books, web sites, paintings and laws". Harold Lasswell formulated the core questions of content analysis: "Who says what, to whom, why, to what extent and with what effect?". Ole Holsti (1969) offers a broad definition of content analysis as "any technique for making inferences by objectively and systematically id ...

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Content analysis - Description Content analysis - The Process of a Content Analysis

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An analysis is a critical evaluation, usually made by breaking a subject (either material or intellectual) down into its constituent parts, then describing the parts and their relationship to the whole. See also analytic and synthesis and the Scientific Method. As such, it can be applied in many different fields of study: In philosophy: philosophical analysis In mathematics: mathematical analysis real analysis - real numbers complex analysis - holo ...

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There are a great variety of Buddhist texts. Buddhists place varying value on them: attitudes range from worship of the text itself, to dismissal of some texts as falsification of the ineffable truth. They therefore cannot be called "scripture" in the sense of other religions. The texts can be categorized in a number of ways, but the most fundamental division is that between canonical and non-canonical texts. The former, also called the Sutras (Sanskrit) or Suttas (Pali), are held to be, literally or metaphoricall ...

Including:

Buddhist texts - Canonical texts Buddhist texts - Non-canonical texts Buddhist texts - Texts of the Nikaya Schools
Buddhist texts - Vinaya Buddhist texts - Sutta Buddhist texts - Abhidharma Buddhist texts - Non-canonical texts
Buddhist texts - Mahayana texts
Buddhist texts - Perfection of Wisdom Texts Buddhist texts - Saddharma-pundarika Buddhist texts - Pure Land Sutras Buddhist texts - The Vimalakirti Nirdesha Sutra Buddhist texts - Samadhi Sutras Buddhist texts - Confession Sutras Buddhist texts - The Avatamsaka Sutra Buddhist texts - Third Turning Sutras Buddhist texts - Tathagatagarbha class sutras Buddhist texts - Collected Sutras Buddhist texts - Transmigration Sutras Buddhist texts - Discipline Sutras Buddhist texts - Sutras Devoted to Individual Figures Buddhist texts - Proto-Mahayana Sutras Buddhist texts - Non-canonical texts Buddhist texts - References
Buddhist texts - Vajrayana Texts
Buddhist texts - Buddhist tantras Buddhist texts - Other products of the Vajrayana literature

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The Masoretic Text (MT) is the Hebrew text of the Tanakh approved for general use in Judaism. It is also widely used in translations of the Old Testament of the Bible. It was primarily compiled, edited and distributed by a group of Jews known as the Masoretes between the seventh and tenth centuries CE, though the consonants differ little from the text generally accepted in the early second century. It has numerous differences when compared to other early sources such as t ...

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Masoretic Text - Etymology Masoretic Text - Language and form Masoretic Text - Origin
Masoretic Text - Numerical Masorah
Masoretic Text - Fixing of the text
Masoretic Text - Tikkune Soferim Masoretic Text - Mikra and ittur Masoretic Text - Suspended letters and dotted words Masoretic Text - Inverted letters
Masoretic Text - History of the Masorah Masoretic Text - Differences between Babylonia and Palestine Masoretic Text - Ben Asher and Ben Naphtali Masoretic Text - The Middle Ages Masoretic Text - Critical study Masoretic Text - Some important editions Masoretic Text - External link

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Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is an interdisciplinary approach to the study of texts, which views "language as a form of social practice" (Fairclough 1989: 20) and attempts "to unpack the ideological underpinnings of discourse that have become so naturalized over time that we begin to treat them as common, acceptable and natural features of discourse" (Teo 2000). Norman Fairclough's books, Language and Power (1989) and Critical Discourse Analysis (1995), articulate a three-dimensional framework for stud ...

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The Analyse des Logiques Subjectives (Analysis of Subjective Logics) is an analytical method concerned with the words (lexical items) of a spoken or written text. Drawing on psychoanalysis, it allows one, without resorting to the non-verbal (intonations, gestures, mimics, etc.), to get an idea of the personality of the author as well as of those one expects to persuade or to entice. Analysis of Subjective Logics - See in French:. | Analyse des logiques subjectives Cate ...

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Analysis of Subjective Logics - See in French:

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Many religions and spiritual movements believe that their sacred texts (or scriptures) are the "Word of God", often feeling that the texts are wholly divine or spiritually inspired in origin. Even non-believers often capitalize the names of sacred scriptures as a mark of respect or tradition. Although ancient civilizations have produced handmade texts for thousands of years, the first printed scripture for wide distribution to the masses was The Diamond Sutra, ...

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Sacred text - Texts Sacred text - Views

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Body text is the text on an web page which appears between the opening "<body>" and closing "</body>" tags that delimit the body section of the document. The tags themselves are not required if the document is HTML. It may include headers and other text, and is usually text which a visitor to the page reads, but it may not always be visible, depending on formatting techniques used by the page designer. Other related archivesHTML, web page

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The Coffin Text, which basically superseded the Pyramid Texts as magical funerary spells at the end of the Egyptian Old Kingdom, are principally a Middle Kingdom phenomenon, though we have found examples as early as the late Old Kingdom. In effect, they democratized the afterlife, eliminating the royal exclusivity of the Pyramid Text. Mostly, as the modern name of this collection of spells implies, the text was found on Middle Kingdom coffins of officials and their subordinates. However, we may also find the spells inscribed on

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The Veronese map or Veronese variety generalizes this idea to mappings of general degree d. That is, the Veronese map of degree d is the map with m given by the binomial coefficient The map sends to all possible monomials of total degree d, thus the appearance of the binomial coefficient is from consideration of the combinatorics. One may define the Veronese map ...

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Veronese surface, Veronese surface - Definition, Veronese surface - Veronese map, Veronese surface - Subvarieties, Veronese surface - Reference

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The Alexandrian text-type (also called Neutral or Egyptian) is a group of early manuscripts of the New Testament in the original Greek. The oldest near-complete manuscripts of the New Testament belong to this text-type, and are known as Codex Vaticanus in the Vatican library and Codex Sinaiticus in the British Museum. The earliest papyri manuscripts of the New Testament such as P66 an ...

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