Venpa

Venpa (வெண்பா in Tamil) is a form of classical tamil poetry. Classical Tamil poetry has been classifed based upon the rules of metric prosody. Such rules form a context-free grammar. Every Venpa consists between two to twelve lines. Venpa - Popular books written in Venpa style. All 1330 couplets from Tirukkural, composed by Tiruvalluvar are examples of Venpa. Tirukkural comes under a sub-category of Venpa called Kural Venpa, wherein each Kural has only two lines. Nala venpa ...

Including:

• Venpa - Popular books written in Venpa style
• Venpa - Basic units of meter in classical Tamil poetry
• Venpa - Grammar for meter in Venpa
• Venpa - Example

Read more here: » Venpa: Encyclopedia - Venpa

A set of well defined metric rules define the grammar for Venpa. Such rules have been proved to form a Context-free grammar. One set of rules constrains the duration of sound for each word or cheer, while another set of rules defines the rules for the possible sounds at the beginning of a word that follows a given sound at the end of the preceding word. Any Venpa should conform to both these sets of rules. Following is the set of produ ...

See also:

Venpa, Venpa - Popular books written in Venpa style, Venpa - Basic units of meter in classical Tamil poetry, Venpa - Grammar for meter in Venpa, Venpa - Example

Read more here: » Venpa: Encyclopedia II - Venpa - Grammar for meter in Venpa

Poetry (ancient Greek: ποιεω (poieo) = I create) is traditionally a written art form (although there is also an ancient and modern poetry which relies mainly upon oral or pictorial representations) in which human language is used for its aesthetic qualities in addition to, or instead of, its notional and semantic content. The increased emphasis on the aesthetics of language and the deliberate use of features such as repetition, meter and rhyme, are what are commonly used to distinguish poetry from prose, but debates over s ...

Including:

• Poetry - Nature of poetry
• Poetry - Tools
• Poetry - Sound
• Poetry - Form
• Poetry - Rhetoric
• Poetry - History
• Poetry - Terms

Read more here: » Poetry: Encyclopedia - Poetry

A couplet is a pair of lines of verse that form a unit. Most couplets rhyme aa, but this is not a requirement. Poetry in rhyming couplets is one of the simplest rhyme schemes: aa bb cc dd ee ff... etc. Example: I THINK that I shall never see a A poem as lovely as a tree. a A tree whose hungry mouth is prest b Against th ...

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In linguistics and computer science, a context-free grammar (CFG) is a formal grammar in which every production rule is of the form V → w where V is a non-terminal symbol and w is a string consisting of terminals and/or non-terminals. The term "context-free" comes from the fact that the non-terminal V can always be replaced by w, regardless of the context in which it occurs. A formal language is context ...

Including:

• Context-free grammar - Formal definition
• Context-free grammar - Examples
• Context-free grammar - Example 1
• Context-free grammar - Example 2
• Context-free grammar - Example 3
• Context-free grammar - Example 4
• Context-free grammar - Other examples
• Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees
• Context-free grammar - Normal forms
• Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems
• Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

Read more here: » Context-free grammar: Encyclopedia - Context-free grammar

There are basically two ways to describe how in a certain grammar a string can be derived from the start symbol. The simplest way is to list the consecutive strings of symbols, beginning with the start symbol and ending with the string, and the rules that have been applied. If we introduce a strategy such as "always replace the left-most nonterminal first" then for context-free grammars the list of applied grammar rules is by itself sufficient. This is called the leftmost derivation of a string. For example, if we take the follow ...

See also:

Context-free grammar, Context-free grammar - Formal definition, Context-free grammar - Examples, Context-free grammar - Example 1, Context-free grammar - Example 2, Context-free grammar - Example 3, Context-free grammar - Example 4, Context-free grammar - Other examples, Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees, Context-free grammar - Normal forms, Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems, Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

Read more here: » Context-free grammar: Encyclopedia II - Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees

Poetry can be differentiated from prose, which is language meant to convey meaning in a less condensed way, using more logical or narrative structures. This does not imply poetry is illogical. Poetry is often created from the desire to escape the logical, as well as expressing feelings and other expressions in a tight, condensed manner. English Romantic poet John Keats termed this escape from logic Negative Capability. Prose poetry combines the characteristics of poetry with the superficial appearance of prose. Other forms include narrative poetry and dramatic poetry, used to tel ...

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Poetry, Poetry - Nature of poetry, Poetry - Tools, Poetry - Sound, Poetry - Form, Poetry - Rhetoric, Poetry - History, Poetry - Terms

Read more here: » Poetry: Encyclopedia II - Poetry - Nature of poetry

Poetry - Sound. Perhaps the most vital element of sound in poetry is rhythm. Often the rhythm of each line is arranged in a particular meter. Different types of meter played key roles in Classical, Early European, Eastern and Modern poetry. In the case of free verse, the rhythm of lines is often organized into looser units of cadence. Robinson Jeffers, Marianne Moore, and William Carlos Williams were three notable poets who rejected the idea that meter was a critical element of poetry, claiming it was an u ...

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Poetry, Poetry - Nature of poetry, Poetry - Tools, Poetry - Sound, Poetry - Form, Poetry - Rhetoric, Poetry - History, Poetry - Terms

Read more here: » Poetry: Encyclopedia II - Poetry - Tools

Poetry as an art form predates literacy. Poetry was employed as a means of recording oral history, storytelling (epic poetry), genealogy, and law. Poetry is often closely identified with liturgy in pre-literate societies. Many of the scriptures currently held to be sacred by contemporary religious traditions with their roots in antiquity were composed as poetry rather than prose to aid memorization and help guarantee the accuracy of oral transmission in pre-literate societies. As a result many of the poems surviving from the ancient world ar ...

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Poetry, Poetry - Nature of poetry, Poetry - Tools, Poetry - Sound, Poetry - Form, Poetry - Rhetoric, Poetry - History, Poetry - Terms

Read more here: » Poetry: Encyclopedia II - Poetry - History

Just as any formal grammar, a context-free grammar G can be defined as a 4-tuple: G = (Vt,Vn,P,S) where Vt is a finite set of terminals Vn is a finite set of non-terminals P is a finite set of productions rules S is an e ...

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Context-free grammar, Context-free grammar - Formal definition, Context-free grammar - Examples, Context-free grammar - Example 1, Context-free grammar - Example 2, Context-free grammar - Example 3, Context-free grammar - Example 4, Context-free grammar - Other examples, Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees, Context-free grammar - Normal forms, Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems, Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

Read more here: » Context-free grammar: Encyclopedia II - Context-free grammar - Formal definition

Although some operations on context-free grammars are decidable due to their limited power, unlike finite automata CFGs do have interesting undecidable problems. One of the simplest and most cited is the problem of deciding whether a CFG accepts the language of all strings. A reduction can be demonstrated to this problem from the well-known undecidable problem of determining whether a Turing machine accepts a particular input. The reduction uses the concept of a computation history, a string describing an entire computation of a Turin ...

See also:

Context-free grammar, Context-free grammar - Formal definition, Context-free grammar - Examples, Context-free grammar - Example 1, Context-free grammar - Example 2, Context-free grammar - Example 3, Context-free grammar - Example 4, Context-free grammar - Other examples, Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees, Context-free grammar - Normal forms, Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems, Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

Read more here: » Context-free grammar: Encyclopedia II - Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems

Context-free grammar - Example 1. A simple context-free grammar is S → aSb | ε where | is a logical OR, and is used to separate multiple options for the same non-terminal—ε stands for an empty string. This grammar generates the language which is not regular. Context-free grammar - Example 2. Here is a context-free grammar for syntactically correct infix algebraic expressions in the variables x, y and z: S → x | y | z | S + S | S - S | S * S | S/S | (S) This grammar can, for example, generat ...

See also:

Context-free grammar, Context-free grammar - Formal definition, Context-free grammar - Examples, Context-free grammar - Example 1, Context-free grammar - Example 2, Context-free grammar - Example 3, Context-free grammar - Example 4, Context-free grammar - Other examples, Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees, Context-free grammar - Normal forms, Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems, Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

Read more here: » Context-free grammar: Encyclopedia II - Context-free grammar - Examples

Every context-free grammar which does not generate the empty string can be transformed into an equivalent one in Chomsky normal form or Greibach normal form. "Equivalent" here means that the two grammars generate the same language. Because of the especially simple form of production rules in Chomsky Normal Form grammars, this normal form has both theoretical and practical implications. For instance, given a context-free grammar, one can use the Chomsky Normal Form to construct a polynomial-time algorithm which decides whether a given string is in the language re ...

See also:

Context-free grammar, Context-free grammar - Formal definition, Context-free grammar - Examples, Context-free grammar - Example 1, Context-free grammar - Example 2, Context-free grammar - Example 3, Context-free grammar - Example 4, Context-free grammar - Other examples, Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees, Context-free grammar - Normal forms, Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems, Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

Read more here: » Context-free grammar: Encyclopedia II - Context-free grammar - Normal forms