Brain death is defined as a complete and irreversible cessation of brain activity. Absence of apparent brain function is not enough. Evidence of irreversibility is also required. Brain-death is often confused with the state of vegetation. Traditionally, death has been defined as the cessation of all body functions, including respiration and heartbeat. Since it became possible to revive some people after a period without respiration, heartbeat, or other visible signs of life, as well as to maintain respiration and blood f ...

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Chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla), also known as Swiss Chard, Silverbeet, Perpetual Spinach or Mangold, is a leaf vegetable, and is one of the cultivated descendents of the Sea Beet, Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima. It is in the plant family Amaranthaceae along with Spinach. While used for its leaves, it is in the same species as the garden beets, which are used for their roots, including Mangelwurzel which is used for animal feed and ...

Including:

• Chard - Cultivation
• Chard - External link

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A primary characteristic of vegetation is its three-dimensional structure, sometimes referred to as its physiognomy, or architecture. Most people have an understanding of this idea through their familiarity with terms like "jungle", "woods", "prairie" or "meadow"; these terms conjure up a mental image of what such vegetation looks like. So, meadows are grassy and open, tropical rainforests are dense, tall, and dark, savannahs ...

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Vegetation, Vegetation - Importance, Vegetation - Classification, Vegetation - Vegetation Structure, Vegetation - Vegetation Processes, Vegetation - Temporal Dynamics, Vegetation - Spatial Dynamics, Vegetation - Global Vegetation Patterns and Determinants, Vegetation - Scientific Study, Vegetation - History, Vegetation - More Recent Concepts Theories and Approaches, Vegetation - References and Further Reading

Read more here: » Vegetation: Encyclopedia II - Vegetation - Vegetation Structure

The Chihuahuan Desert is a desert that straddles the U.S.-Mexico border. On the U.S. side it occupies the valleys and basins of central and southern New Mexico and Texas west of the Pecos River; south of the border, it covers the northern half of the Mexican state of Chihuahua and most of Coahuila. The terrain mostly consists of basins broken by numerous small mountain ranges. Several larger mountain ranges include the Sierra Madre, the Sierra del Carmen, the Sacramento Mountains, the Sandia-Manzano Mountains, the Magdal ...

Including:

• Chihuahuan Desert - Vegetation

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The Biligirirangan Hills, commonly called B R Hills, is a hill range situated in south-eastern Karnataka, at its border with Tamil Nadu in South India. The area is a Wildlife Sanctuary under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1973. Biligirirangan Hills - Location. The hills are in the Yelandur Taluk of Chamarajanagar district of Karnataka. The hills are contiguos with the Satyamangalam range southwards, in the Erode district of Tamil Nadu. It is 90 km from Mysore and 180 km from Bangalore. It is con ...

Including:

• Biligirirangan Hills - Location
• Biligirirangan Hills - Unique range
• Biligirirangan Hills - Climate and Vegetation
• Biligirirangan Hills - Flora and Fauna
• Biligirirangan Hills - People and Culture
• Biligirirangan Hills - Threats

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Vegetation scientists study the causes of the patterns and processes observed in vegetation at various scales of space and time. Of particular interest and importance are questions of the relative roles of climate, soil, topography, and history on vegetation characteristics, including both species composition and structure. Such questions are often large scale, and so cannot be addressed by experimentation in a meaningful way. Observational studies supplemented by knowledge of botany, paleobotany, ecology, soil science etc, are thus the rule in vegetation science. ...

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Vegetation, Vegetation - Importance, Vegetation - Classification, Vegetation - Vegetation Structure, Vegetation - Vegetation Processes, Vegetation - Temporal Dynamics, Vegetation - Spatial Dynamics, Vegetation - Global Vegetation Patterns and Determinants, Vegetation - Scientific Study, Vegetation - History, Vegetation - More Recent Concepts Theories and Approaches, Vegetation - References and Further Reading

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A rhizome is a modified stem serving as an organ of vegetative reproduction. Prostrate aerial stems, called runners or stolons are important vegetative reproduction organs in some species, such as the strawberry, numerous grasses, and some ferns. Adventitious buds develop into above ground stems and leaves, forming on roots near the ground surface and on damaged stems (as on the stumps of cut trees). Adve ...

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Vegetative reproduction, Vegetative reproduction - Natural vegetative structures, Vegetative reproduction - Horticultural aspects, Vegetative reproduction - Cultivated plants propagated by vegetative methods

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Much of the work on vegetation classification comes from European and North American ecologists, and they have fundamentally different approaches. In North America, vegetation types are based on a combination of the following criteria: climate pattern, plant habit, phenology and/or growth form, and dominant species. In the current US standard (adopted by the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC), and originally developed by UNESCO and The Nature Conservancy), the classification is hierarchical and incorporates the non-floristic criteria i ...

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Vegetation, Vegetation - Importance, Vegetation - Classification, Vegetation - Vegetation Structure, Vegetation - Vegetation Processes, Vegetation - Temporal Dynamics, Vegetation - Spatial Dynamics, Vegetation - Global Vegetation Patterns and Determinants, Vegetation - Scientific Study, Vegetation - History, Vegetation - More Recent Concepts Theories and Approaches, Vegetation - References and Further Reading

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Leeks are generally considered to have a finer flavor than the common onion. They are an essential ingredient of cock-a-leekie soup and of vichyssoise. They can also be used raw in salads, doing especially well when they are the prime ingredient. Because of their symbolism in Wales (see below) they have come to be used extensively in that country's cuisine. ...

See also:

Leek vegetable, Leek vegetable - Cuisine, Leek vegetable - History

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Leeks were prized by the Ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans, who distributed the vegetable across Europe. The leek is one of the national emblems of Wales, whose citizens wear it on St. David's Day. According to legend, Saint David ordered his Welsh soldiers to identify themselves by wearing the vegetable on their helmets in an ancient battle against the Saxons that took place in a leek field. This story may have been made up by the English poet Michael Drayton but it is known that the leek has been a symbol of Wales for a long tim ...

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Leek vegetable, Leek vegetable - Cuisine, Leek vegetable - History

Read more here: » Leek vegetable: Encyclopedia II - Leek vegetable - History

Common sources of vegetable oil include: Oilseeds: cashew castor bean - castor oil flax seed - linseed oil grape seed - grape seed oil hemp (cannabis) mustard olives and olive pits - olive oil poppy seeds - poppyseed oil rapeseed canola (cultivar of rapeseed) safflower sesame seed sunflower Other vegetable oils: almond apricot argan avocado c ...

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Vegetable oil, Vegetable oil - Sources of Vegetable Oil, Vegetable oil - Extraction, Vegetable oil - Production of Edible Oil, Vegetable oil - History of Vegetable Oils in the US, Vegetable oil - Industrial uses, Vegetable oil - Other References

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Common sources of vegetable oil include: Oilseeds: cashew castor bean - castor oil flax seed - linseed oil grape seed - grape seed oil hemp (cannabis) mustard poppy seeds - poppyseed oil rapeseed canola (cultivar of rapeseed) safflower sesame seed sunflower Other vegetable oils: almond apricot avocado corn (maize) - corn oil cotton plant seed - cotton ...

See also:

Vegetable oil, Vegetable oil - Sources, Vegetable oil - Extraction, Vegetable oil - Industrial uses

Read more here: » Vegetable oil: Encyclopedia II - Vegetable oil - Sources

While olive oil and other pressed oils have been around for millenia, Procter & Gamble researchers were innovators when they started selling cottonseed oil as a creamed shortening, in 1911. Ginning mills were happy to have someone haul away the cotton seeds. P&G researchers learned how to extract the oil, refine it, harden it, and package it as a creamed shortening. Compared to the lard they were already selling to consumers, Crisco was cheaper, easier to stir into a recipe, and could be stored at room temperature for two years. (P&G ...

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Vegetable oil, Vegetable oil - Sources of Vegetable Oil, Vegetable oil - Extraction, Vegetable oil - Production of Edible Oil, Vegetable oil - History of Vegetable Oils in the US, Vegetable oil - Industrial uses, Vegetable oil - Other References

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Neither the oil nor the meal is considered edible immediately upon crushing the bean and extracting the crude vegetable oil. Animals fed raw meal will waste away, even though soy meal is high in protein. Researchers at Central Soya discovered that a trypsin inhibitor in soybeans could be deactivated by toasting the meal, and both licensed their invention, and sold soy meal augmented with vitamins and minerals as MasterMix, a product for farmers t ...

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Vegetable oil, Vegetable oil - Sources of Vegetable Oil, Vegetable oil - Extraction, Vegetable oil - Production of Edible Oil, Vegetable oil - History of Vegetable Oils in the US, Vegetable oil - Industrial uses, Vegetable oil - Other References

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One of the first demonstration diesel engines ran on peanut oil. However, modern diesel engines are designed to run on petrodiesel. They run poorly on unmodified vegetable oil, with a risk of damage - the fine ports of injectors can be clogged by carbon which forms from the slow or incomplete combustion of heavier fractions of vegetable oil, while the injection pump may suffer premature wear due to the fuel's relatively poor lubricating properties. Similar problems were noted when the levels of ...

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Waste vegetable oil, Waste vegetable oil - Animal feed, Waste vegetable oil - Use in diesel engines, Waste vegetable oil - Biodiesel, Waste vegetable oil - Straight vegetable oil, Waste vegetable oil - Home heating, Waste vegetable oil - The quantities involved, Waste vegetable oil - Related links

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As of 2000, the United States were producing in excess of 11 billion liters (0.011 km³) of waste vegetable oil annually, mainly from industrial deep fryers in potato processing plants, snack food factories and fast food restaurants. Waste vegetable oil has a stable market value of approximately USD 0.40 per US gallon (10 ¢/L) or USD 120 per metric tonne as of 2003, enough to make collection economically viable. ...

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Waste vegetable oil, Waste vegetable oil - Animal feed, Waste vegetable oil - Use in diesel engines, Waste vegetable oil - Biodiesel, Waste vegetable oil - Straight vegetable oil, Waste vegetable oil - Home heating, Waste vegetable oil - The quantities involved, Waste vegetable oil - Related links

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Banisteriopsis caapi, (a necessary component of Hoasca), not being native to the United States, was shipped to the American membership from Brazil. U.S. Customs agents seized a shipment and raided a UDV member's home, finding over 30 gallons in 1999. UDV has since sued, and a federal appeals court upheld a lower courts finding against the government enforcement of federal law against Hoasca. In December of 2004, the Supreme Court lifted a stay thereby allowing the Brazilian based O Centro Espirita Beneficiente Uniao do Veget ...

See also:

União do Vegetal, União do Vegetal - Origins, União do Vegetal - U.S. Supreme Court, União do Vegetal - References, União do Vegetal - External links

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Claiming roots as far back as the 10th century BC, members feel the movement then lay dormant before reappearing in Incan Peru in the 4th and 5th centuries BC. UDV as it is known today however was "re-created" on July 22, 1961 in Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil by the rubber-tapper José Gabriel da Costa (now known as Mestre Gabriel). Mestre Gabriel was born in 1922 in Coração de Maria, a town near Feira de Santana. Uneducated, he left home at the age of 20 to become a rubber tapper in the Amazon region, thereby coming into contact w ...

See also:

União do Vegetal, União do Vegetal - Origins, União do Vegetal - U.S. Supreme Court, União do Vegetal - References, União do Vegetal - External links

Read more here: » União do Vegetal: Encyclopedia II - União do Vegetal - Origins

There are 286 communities in total. They are grouped into the following major categories: Woodland and scrub communities (25 communities — 19 classed as woodland, four as scrub and two as 'underscrub') Mires (38 communities) Heaths (22 communities) Mesotrophic grasslands (13 communities) Calcicolous grasslands (14 communities) Calcifugous grasslands and montane communities (21 communities) Aquatic communities (24 communities) Swamps and tall-herb fens (28 communiti ...

See also:

National Vegetation Classification, National Vegetation Classification - Communities by category

Read more here: » National Vegetation Classification: Encyclopedia II - National Vegetation Classification - Communities by category

Clipperton Island is now largely covered with scrub vegetation, with a few stands of coconut palms. The scrub vegetation seems to have disappeared for some time between 1858 and 1917. When Snodgrass and Heller visited the island in 1898, they reported that "no land plant is native to the island." (Snodgrass and Heller 1902). Sachet (1962), however, points out that according to historical accounts from the island in 1711, 1825, and likely in 1839, the island had a low grassy and/or suffrutescent (partially woody) vegetation. It is hypo ...

See also:

Clipperton Island, Clipperton Island - Vegetation, Clipperton Island - History

Read more here: » Clipperton Island: Encyclopedia II - Clipperton Island - Vegetation

Cauliflower - The delicate process. As soon as the head appears, gardeners tie the plant's leaves over the head in order to blanch it, a process allowing it to stay white. They must harvest the plant once it has reached what they presume to be its full size and ripeness, but they are careful not to wait too long, or else it will flower. (There are some cultivars described as "self-blanching", whose leaves tend to grow together over the h ...

See also:

Cauliflower, Cauliflower - Harvesting the vegetable, Cauliflower - The delicate process, Cauliflower - Where it is grown, Cauliflower - Variants

Read more here: » Cauliflower: Encyclopedia II - Cauliflower - Harvesting the vegetable