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validity

A Wisdom Archive on validity

validity

A selection of articles related to validity

We recommend this article: validity - 1, and also this: validity - 2.
validity, Validity, Validity - Example, soundness

ARTICLES RELATED TO validity

validity: Encyclopedia - 20th-century philosophy

The 20th century brought with it upheavals that produced a series of conflicting developments within philosophy over the basis of knowledge and the validity of various absolutes. With classical certainties thought to be overthrown, and new social, economic, scientific, ethical, and logical problems, 20th-century philosophy was set for a series of attempts variously to reform, preserve, alter, abolish, previously conceived limits. Philosophy of science, philosophy of mathematics, and epistemology furthered seemingly antagonistic tenden ...

Including:

Read more here: » 20th-century philosophy: Encyclopedia - 20th-century philosophy

validity: Encyclopedia II - Graphology - Legal considerations

Very often graphologists will state that handwriting analysis in the workplace is legal, and cite one or more of the following cases: Gilbert v California :388 US 263-267 (1967) US v Dionisio :410 US 1 (1973) 1973, Lawyers Edition, Second Series 35, 67; 93 SC 774 US v Mara aka Marasovich :410 US 19 (1973) US v Rosinsky :547 F 2nd 249 ( CA 4th 19 ...

See also:

Graphology, Graphology - Basic tenets, Graphology - Approaches to graphology, Graphology - Vocabulary, Graphology - Usage, Graphology - Validity, Graphology - Legal considerations, Graphology - Applications of graphology, Graphology - Employment profiling, Graphology - Business compatibility, Graphology - Psychological analysis, Graphology - Marital compatibility, Graphology - Medical diagnosis, Graphology - Forensic document examination, Graphology - Graphology in court testimony, Graphology - Jury screening, Graphology - Divination

Read more here: » Graphology: Encyclopedia II - Graphology - Legal considerations

validity: Encyclopedia - Physiognomy

Physiognomy (Gk. physis, nature and gnosis, knowledge) is a pseudoscience, based upon the belief that the study and judgement of a person's outer appearance, primarily the face, reflects their character or personality. Up until the time of English King Henry VIII, its validity was so widely assumed that it was taught in universities and was an everyday concept that had developed into a regular Middle English word spelled fisnamy or visnomy. After that time, scholastic leaders settled on the more erudite form 'physiognomy' an ...

Including:

Read more here: » Physiognomy: Encyclopedia - Physiognomy

validity: Encyclopedia II - Cryptozoology - Justifications for cryptozoology

Scientists have demonstrated that some creatures of mythology, legend or local folklore were rooted in real animals or phenomena. Thus, cryptozoologists hold that people should be open to the possibility that many more such animals exist. In the early days of western exploration of the world, many native tales of unknown animals were initially dismissed as mythology or superstition by western scientis ...

See also:

Cryptozoology, Cryptozoology - Justifications for cryptozoology, Cryptozoology - Criticism of cryptozoology, Cryptozoology - Notable cryptids, Cryptozoology - Primates and hominids, Cryptozoology - Bipedal monsters, Cryptozoology - Carnivorous mammals, Cryptozoology - Herbivorous mammals, Cryptozoology - Sea and lake monsters, Cryptozoology - Reptiles, Cryptozoology - Birds, Cryptozoology - Marsupials, Cryptozoology - Amphibians, Cryptozoology - Others, Cryptozoology - General terms for cryptids, Cryptozoology - Bodies of water in which water monsters are said to live, Cryptozoology - Lists of cryptids, Cryptozoology - Sources

Read more here: » Cryptozoology: Encyclopedia II - Cryptozoology - Justifications for cryptozoology

validity: Encyclopedia - Delusion

A delusion is commonly defined as a fixed false belief and is used in everyday language to describe a belief that is either false, fanciful or derived from deception. In psychiatry, the definition is necessarily more precise and implies that the belief is pathological (the result of an illness or illness process). Delusions typically occur in the context of neurological or mental illness, although they are not tied to any particular disease and have been found to occur in the context of many pathological states (both physical a ...

Including:

Read more here: » Delusion: Encyclopedia - Delusion

validity: Encyclopedia II - Fibromyalgia - Treatment

Like many other soft tissue and rheumatolgical organic disorders there is no cure for fibromyalgia, but some treatment options are available. A patient may try many routes of treatment under the guidance of a physician to find relief. Treatments range from prescription medication to alternative and complementary medicine. Conventional analgesics rarely reduce the pain and even strong narcotics are often not sufficient to entirely eliminate the pain. Antidepressants may be prescribed as well to help to deal with the psychological effect ...

See also:

Fibromyalgia, Fibromyalgia - History, Fibromyalgia - Symptoms, Fibromyalgia - Diagnosis, Fibromyalgia - Differentials, Fibromyalgia - Treatment, Fibromyalgia - Living with fibromyalgia, Fibromyalgia - Theories on the cause of fibromyalgia, Fibromyalgia - Sleep disturbance, Fibromyalgia - Deposition disease, Fibromyalgia - Other theories, Fibromyalgia - Comorbid diseases

Read more here: » Fibromyalgia: Encyclopedia II - Fibromyalgia - Treatment

validity: Encyclopedia II - Baptism - Explanation

The Christian explanation of baptism as the definitive rite, by which the baptized person is indicated to be fully- qualified for participation in the life of the Church, begins with the career of John the Baptist, who was the cousin of Jesus. Those who believe that John was a prophet identify baptism with his message concerning repentance in preparation for the coming of the Messiah. "He [John] went into all the country around the Jordan, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. As is written in the book o ...

See also:

Baptism, Baptism - Background in Jewish ritual, Baptism - Explanation, Baptism - Ecumenical statement, Baptism - Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Lutheran Anglican and Methodist baptism, Baptism - Baptism and salvation, Baptism - Conditions of the validity of a baptism, Baptism - Baptism by other denominations, Baptism - Who may administer a baptism, Baptism - Baptist and other Protestant baptism, Baptism - Reformed and Covenant Theology view, Baptism - Latter Day Saint baptism, Baptism - Baptism in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Baptism - Jehovah's Witnesses, Baptism - Baptism in Churches of Christ, Baptism - Other baptisms, Baptism - Non-Christian religions, Baptism - Methaphorical Baptisms, Baptism - Related articles and subjects, Baptism - People and ritual objects, Baptism - Resources

Read more here: » Baptism: Encyclopedia II - Baptism - Explanation

validity: Encyclopedia - Black nationalism

Black nationalism - Marcus Garvey. Marcus Garvey urged Africans "at home and abroad" to be proud of their race and preached "African Redemption". To this end he founded the Negro World newspaper to disseminate the UNIA's program, the Black Star Line in 1919 to provide steamship transportation, and the Negro Factories Corporation to encourage black economic independence. Garvey attracted thousands of supporters and claimed eleven million members for the UNIA. Garvey set the ...

Including:

Read more here: » Black nationalism: Encyclopedia - Black nationalism

validity: Encyclopedia - I-Kuan Tao

I-Kuan Tao, also Yi Guan Dao, or usually initialized as IKT (一貫道, translated as the Unity Sect) is a new religious movement that originated in twentieth-century China. At the same time it incorporates much older elements from Confucianism, Taoism, and Chinese Buddhism, and recognizes the validity of non-Chinese religious traditions such as Christianity and Islam as well. For this reason it is often classified as a syncretistic or syncretic sect, along with other similar religions in the Hsien Tien D ...

Including:

Read more here: » I-Kuan Tao: Encyclopedia - I-Kuan Tao

validity: Encyclopedia II - Islam - Schools denominations

There are a number of Islamic religious denominations, each of which has significant theological and legal differences from each other but possess identical essential belief. The major schools of thought are Sunni and Shi'a, with Sufism considered as a mystical inflection of Islam. The Sunni are the largest group in Islam (80%– 85% of all Muslims are Sunni). In Arabic, as-Sunnah literally means principle or path, while in terminology, Sunnah is the ...

See also:

Islam, Islam - Etymology, Islam - Beliefs, Islam - Six articles of belief, Islam - The tenets of Islam, Islam - God, Islam - The Qur'an, Islam - Islamic eschatology, Islam - Other beliefs, Islam - Organization, Islam - Religious authority, Islam - Islamic law, Islam - Islamic calendar, Islam - Schools denominations, Islam - Religions based on Islam, Islam - Islam and other religions, Islam - History, Islam - Contemporary Islam, Islam - The demographics of Islam today, Islam - Symbols of Islam, Islam - Notes

Read more here: » Islam: Encyclopedia II - Islam - Schools denominations

validity: Encyclopedia II - Romanticism - Characteristics

In a general sense, Romanticism covers a group of related artistic, creative, political, philosophical and social trends arising out of the late 18th and early 19th centuries in Europe. But a precise characterization and a specific description of Romanticism have been objects of intellectual history and literary history for all of the twentieth century without any great measure of consensus emerging. Arthur Lovejoy attempted to demonstrate the difficulty of this problem in his seminal article "On The Discrimination of Romanticisms" in his See also:

Romanticism, Romanticism - Characteristics, Romanticism - Origins and precursors, Romanticism - Music, Romanticism - Romanticism and Music, Romanticism - Music After the Romantic Hey-Day, Romanticism - Art and literature, Romanticism - Nationalism, Romanticism - Terms sometimes taken as related, Romanticism - Terms sometimes taken as opposed

Read more here: » Romanticism: Encyclopedia II - Romanticism - Characteristics

validity: Encyclopedia II - Sergei Pankejeff - Der Wolfsmann

In 1910, Pankejeff's physician brought him to Vienna to have treatment with Freud. Pankejeff and Freud met with each other many times between February 1910 and July 1914, and a few times thereafter, including a brief psychoanalysis in 1919. Pankejeff's "nervous problems" included his inability to have bowel movement without the assistance of an enema, as well as debilitating depression. Initially, according to Freud, Pankejeff resisted opening up to full analysis, until Freud gave him a year deadline for ...

See also:

Sergei Pankejeff, Sergei Pankejeff - Biography, Sergei Pankejeff - Der Wolfsmann, Sergei Pankejeff - Later life

Read more here: » Sergei Pankejeff: Encyclopedia II - Sergei Pankejeff - Der Wolfsmann

validity: Encyclopedia II - Cthulhu - Cthulhu in the mythos

If I say that my somewhat extravagant imagination yielded simultaneous pictures of an octopus, a dragon, and a human caricature, I shall not be unfaithful to the spirit of the thing. A pulpy, tentacled head surmounted a grotesque and scaly body with rudimentary wings... It represented a monster of vaguely anthropoid outline, but with an octopus-like head whose face was a mass of feelers, a scaly, rubbery-looking body, prodigious claws on hind and fore feet, and long, narrow wings behind. This thing, which seemed instinct with a fearsome and unnatural malignancy, was of a somewhat bloated corpulence.. ...

See also:

Cthulhu, Cthulhu - Cthulhu in the mythos, Cthulhu - Cthulhu in Derleth's mythos, Cthulhu - Cthulhu cult, Cthulhu - Cthulhu's rival, Cthulhu - Cthulhu's family tree, Cthulhu - Idh-yaa, Cthulhu - Star-spawn of Cthulhu, Cthulhu - References to Cthulhu, Cthulhu - Literary references, Cthulhu - Music references, Cthulhu - Role-playing games, Cthulhu - Video games, Cthulhu - Television, Cthulhu - Film and other media, Cthulhu - Parodies of Cthulhu

Read more here: » Cthulhu: Encyclopedia II - Cthulhu - Cthulhu in the mythos

validity: Encyclopedia - Supernatural

The supernatural (Latin: super- "exceeding" + nature) refers to forces and phenomena which are beyond the current scientific understanding and concept of nature, and which may actually directly contradict conventional scientific understandings. Concepts in the supernatural domain are closely related to concepts in religious spirituality and metaphysics. Those asserting the occurrence of supernatural events and entities usually describe them as having been observed or experienced firsthand, but as being so unique that they canno ...

Including:

Read more here: » Supernatural: Encyclopedia - Supernatural

validity: Encyclopedia - Satori

Satori (悟 Japanese satori; Chinese: wù - from the verb, Satoru) is a Zen Buddhist term for enlightenment. The word literally means "to understand". It is sometimes loosely used interchangeably with Kensho, but Kensho refers to the first perception of the Buddha-Nature or True-Nature, sometimes referred to as " awakening". Kensho is not a permanant state of enlightenment, but rather a clear glimpse of the true nature of creation. Satori on the other ha ...

Including:

Read more here: » Satori: Encyclopedia - Satori

validity: Encyclopedia II - Anti-psychiatry - Origins of anti-psychiatry

The term "anti-psychiatry" was first used by David Cooper in 1967, though opposition to either psychiatry in general, or its practices, predates this coinage; surrealism's opposition to psychiatry predates it by decades. R. D. Laing, a psychiatrist, has been very influential; another psychiatrist, Thomas Szasz, is equally important, but both rejected the label "anti-psychiatry". Other critics of psychiatry often associated with the anti-psychiatry movement include Dr. Peter Breggin, Dr. Elliott Valenstein, Bruce Levine, Douglas C. Smith and ...

See also:

Anti-psychiatry, Anti-psychiatry - Origins of anti-psychiatry, Anti-psychiatry - Arguments against anti-psychiatry, Anti-psychiatry - Responses, Anti-psychiatry - Variations in prevalence, Anti-psychiatry - Arguments from precedent, Anti-psychiatry - Insanity defense, Anti-psychiatry - Institutionalization and coercive treatment, Anti-psychiatry - Psychiatry a pseudo-science?, Anti-psychiatry - State of modern-day psychiatry, Anti-psychiatry - Parodies, Anti-psychiatry - Quotes

Read more here: » Anti-psychiatry: Encyclopedia II - Anti-psychiatry - Origins of anti-psychiatry

validity: Encyclopedia II - Long John Nebel - Biography

Nebel dropped out of school after the eighth grade, but was an avid reader throughout his life, and was conversant on many topics. He pursued a number of careers in his youth (including a long period as a freelance photographer and a stint as a sidewalk salesman), before establishing the successful "Long John's Auctions" (an auction and consignment store in New Jersey). Nebel didn't seek a career in radio until he was 43 years old. Over several years, he'd become friends with many people at at various New York radio stations when he bought co ...

See also:

Long John Nebel, Long John Nebel - Biography, Long John Nebel - Books and Sources, Long John Nebel - Seel also

Read more here: » Long John Nebel: Encyclopedia II - Long John Nebel - Biography

validity: Encyclopedia - Physics

Physics (from the Greek, φυσικός (physikos), "natural", and φύσις (physis), "nature") is the science of the natural world dealing with the fundamental constituents of the universe, the forces they exert on one another, and the results produced by these forces. Sometimes in modern physics a more sophisticated approach is taken that incorporates elements of the three areas listed above; it relates to the laws of symmetry and conservation, such as those pertaining to energy, momentum, charge, and parity. [1] Phy ...

Including:

Read more here: » Physics: Encyclopedia - Physics

validity: Encyclopedia - Ad hominem

An ad hominem argument, also known as argumentum ad hominem (Latin, literally "argument to the man") or attacking the messenger, is a logical fallacy that involves replying to an argument or assertion by attacking the person presenting the argument or assertion rather than the argument itself. The derived neologism ad feminam is more specifically used to refer to sexist prejudice directed towards women. (For example, "Their recourse ... to ad feminam attacks evidences the chilly climate for women's leadersh ...

Including:

Read more here: » Ad hominem: Encyclopedia - Ad hominem

validity: Encyclopedia - Integrity

Integrity comprises the personal inner sense of "wholeness" deriving from honesty and consistent uprightness of character. The etymology of the word relates it to the Latin adjective integer (whole, complete). Evaluators, of course, usually assess integrity from some point of view, such as that of a given ethical tradition or in the context of an ethical relationship. Integrity - Popular views of Integrity. Many people appear to use the word "integrity" in a vague manner as an alternative to the perc ...

Including:

Read more here: » Integrity: Encyclopedia - Integrity

validity: Encyclopedia - Creator God

The Creator God is the divine being that created the omniverse, according to various traditions and faiths. Creator God - Abrahamic religions. Christianity, Judaism, and Islam teach that Creation is the origin of the totality of the omniverse by the action of God. Even more particularly, every type of existence is also owing to the act of creation by God. Among monotheists it has historically been most commonly believed that living things are the God's creations, and are not the result of a pr ...

Including:

Read more here: » Creator God: Encyclopedia - Creator God

validity: Encyclopedia II - Rapture - Scriptural basis

Supporters for this belief generally cite the following primary sources in the New Testament: "Then there will be two men in the field; one will be taken and one will be left. Two women will be grinding at the mill; one will be taken and one will be left." (Matthew 24:40-41) "[Christ] shall change our vile body, that it may be fashioned like unto his glorious body, according to the working whereby he is able even to subdue all thi ...

See also:

Rapture, Rapture - Etymology, Rapture - Varying views, Rapture - Pre-tribulation, Rapture - Post-tribulation, Rapture - Mid-tribulation, Rapture - Pre-tribulation rapture already in process, Rapture - Tradition and the timing of the rapture, Rapture - God's 40 day warning of the rapture, Rapture - Expected events, Rapture - Secret rapture, Rapture - Scriptural basis, Rapture - Criticism, Rapture - Rebuttal, Rapture - History, Rapture - The Rapture in media

Read more here: » Rapture: Encyclopedia II - Rapture - Scriptural basis

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