The V-2 rocket or Vergeltungswaffe 2 (Vengeance weapon 2) was an early ballistic missile used by the German Army during the later stages of World War II against mostly British and Belgian targets. It's real claim to fame is as the progenitor of the rocket race that developed during the Cold War, and ultimately put men on the moon and probes that have left our solar system. V-2 rocket - Introduction. Rockets were seen as having the potential to out-range artillery, capable of bombarding targets at ver ...

Including:

• V-2 rocket - Introduction
• V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history
• V-2 rocket - Technical Details
• V-2 rocket - Launch sites
• V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44
• V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence
• V-2 rocket - V-2 production
• V-2 rocket - Operational history
• V-2 rocket - Countermeasures
• V-2 rocket - Assessment
• V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans
• V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage
• V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology
• V-2 rocket - Model rockets
• V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components
• V-2 rocket - United Kingdom
• V-2 rocket - United States
• V-2 rocket - Germany
• V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia - V-2 rocket

As early as 1927 members of the Verein für Raumschiffahrt (VfR) ("Spaceflight Society") had started experimenting with liquid-fuelled rockets. Rockets using a solid propellant had been used as weapons by all sides in WWI, and as a result, the Treaty of Versailles forbade solid fuel rocket research in Germany. By 1932 the Reichswehr started taking notice of their developments for potential long-range artillery use, and a team led by General Walter Dornberger was shown a test vehicle designed and flown by Wernher von Braun. Although the rocket was of limited ability, Dornberger saw von B ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history

As early as 1927 members of the Verein für Raumschiffahrt (VfR) ("Spaceflight Society") had started experimenting with liquid-fuelled rockets. Rockets using a solid propellant had been used as weapons by all sides in WWI, and as a result, the Treaty of Versailles forbade solid fuel rocket research in Germany. By 1932 the Reichswehr started taking notice of their developments for potential long-range artillery use, and a team led by General Walter Dornberger was shown a test vehicle designed and flown by Wernher von Braun. Although the rocket was of limited ability, Dornberger saw von B ...

See also:

V-2 rocket, V-2 rocket - Introduction, V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history, V-2 rocket - Technical Details, V-2 rocket - Launch sites, V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44, V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence, V-2 rocket - V-2 production, V-2 rocket - Operational history, V-2 rocket - Countermeasures, V-2 rocket - Assessment, V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans, V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage, V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology, V-2 rocket - Model rockets, V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components, V-2 rocket - United Kingdom, V-2 rocket - United States, V-2 rocket - Germany, V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia II - V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history

1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1940s - Events and trends. The 1940s were seen as a transition period between the radical 1930s and the conservative 1950s, which also leads the period to be divided in two halves: The first half of the decade was dominated by World War II, the widest and most destructive armed conflict in history. So consequential was this event and its brutal aftermath that it laid the foundation ...

Including:

• 1940s - Events and trends
• 1940s - Science
• 1940s - War, peace and politics
• 1940s - Economics
• 1940s - Culture, religion
• 1940s - Others
• 1940s - People
• 1940s - World leaders
• 1940s - Sports figures
• 1940s - Entertainers

Read more here: » 1940s: Encyclopedia - 1940s

1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). 1944 - Events. January 4 - The Battle of Monte Cassino begins. January 5 - Murder of Danish playwright Kaj Munk. January 14 - The Soviet troops start the offensive at Leningrad and Novgorod. January 17 - British forces, in Italy, cross the Garigliano River. January 17 - Meat Rationing ends in Australia. January 20 - The Royal Air Force drops 2,300 to ...

Including:

• 1944 - Events
• 1944 - Other events
• 1944 - Unknown dates
• 1944 - Ongoing events
• 1944 - Births
• 1944 - January
• 1944 - February
• 1944 - March
• 1944 - April
• 1944 - May
• 1944 - June-October
• 1944 - November-December
• 1944 - Deaths
• 1944 - January-May
• 1944 - July-August
• 1944 - September-December
• 1944 - Date unknown
• 1944 - Nobel Prizes

Read more here: » 1944: Encyclopedia - 1944

Rocket-powered missiles are known as rockets if they lack post-launch guidance or missiles or guided missiles if they are able to continue tracking a target after launch. Cruise missiles typically use some form of jet engine for propulsion. Missiles are often used in warfare as a means of delivering destructive force (usually in the form of an explosive warhead) upon a target. Aside from explosives, other possible types of destructive missile payloads are various forms of chemical or biological agents, nucl ...

See also:

Missile, Missile - Etymology, Missile - Introduction, Missile - Guided missiles

Read more here: » Missile: Encyclopedia II - Missile - Introduction

Joysticks were originally controls for an aircraft's ailerons and elevators. They were fixed to the floor of the aircraft and stuck up between the pilot's legs, hence the name. The name 'joystick' is thought to originate with early 20th century French pilot Robert Esnault-Pelterie [1]. There are also competing claims on behalf of fellow pilots Robert Loraine and James Henry Joyce. The joystick itself was present in early planes, however the mechanic ...

See also:

Joystick, Joystick - Technical details, Joystick - History

Read more here: » Joystick: Encyclopedia II - Joystick - History

X-ray astronomy is an observational branch of astronomy, which deals with the study of X-ray emission from celestial objects. X-ray radiation is absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, so instruments to observe X-rays must be taken to high altitude, in the past with balloons and sounding rockets. Nowadays, X-ray astronomy is part of space research and X-ray detectors are placed in satellites. X-ray emission is expected in sources which contain an extremely hot gas at temperatures from a million to hundred million kelvins, in genera ...

Including:

• X-ray astronomy - How astronomers observe X-rays
• X-ray astronomy - Sounding rocket flights
• X-ray astronomy - Balloons
• X-ray astronomy - Satellites
• X-ray astronomy - X-ray Detectors
• X-ray astronomy - CCDs
• X-ray astronomy - Microcalorimeters
• X-ray astronomy - Transition Edge Sensors
• X-ray astronomy - Astronomical sources of X-rays

Read more here: » X-ray astronomy: Encyclopedia - X-ray astronomy

World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a mid-20th century conflict that engulfed much of the globe and is accepted as the largest and deadliest war in human history. The war was fought between the Axis Powers and the Allies. The Axis initially consisted of an alliance between Germany and Italy, which later expanded to include Japan and Eastern European countries such as Romania and Bulgaria. Some of the nations that Germany conquered sent military forces, particularly to the Eastern front. Among the expeditionary ...

Including:

• World War II - Causes
• World War II - Participants
• World War II - Chronology
• World War II - A debated starting date
• World War II - 1937: Second Sino-Japanese War
• World War II - 1939: War breaks out in Europe
• World War II - 1940: The war spreads
• World War II - 1941: The war becomes global
• World War II - 1942: Deadlock
• World War II - 1943: The war turns
• World War II - 1944: The beginning of the end
• World War II - 1945: The end of the war
• World War II - Resistance
• World War II - The Home fronts
• World War II - Technologies
• World War II - Civilian impact & atrocities
• World War II - Genocide
• World War II - Concentration camps labour camps and internment
• World War II - War crimes and attacks on civilians
• World War II - Aftermath
• World War II - Casualties
• World War II - A world in ruins
• World War II - United Nations
• World War II - The Cold War begins
• World War II - Main articles
• World War II - Media

Read more here: » World War II: Encyclopedia - World War II

V2 can refer to: V-2 rocket, an early ballistic missile V2 Records V2 word order, the verb-second word order of Germanic languages V-twin engine Velocity 2, the speed where an aircraft accelerating on a runway must lift-off V-2 engine, a twelve-cylinder Soviet tank engine V2, the second chest lead in an electrocardiogram Area V2 of the visual cortex Other related archivesV-2 rocket, V-twin, V2 Record

Read more here: » V2: Encyclopedia - V2

Technological escalation describes the fact that whenever two parties are in competition, each side tends to employ continuing technological improvements to defeat the other. Technology is defined here as a creative invention, be it an object or a method of using an object. This is a natural result of mankind's use of our brains, and the nature of science and technology that understanding and innovations build on each other. Escalation is usually a negative term, meaning to make bigger in a bad way. However, if two companies ar ...

Including:

• Technological escalation - Technological escalation in war
• Technological escalation - Objects and methods
• Technological escalation - Paradigms or worldviews
• Technological escalation - History of technological escalation as indicator of success
• Technological escalation - Motives
• Technological escalation - Effects

Read more here: » Technological escalation: Encyclopedia - Technological escalation

Like the V-1 flying bomb and the V-2 rocket, the V-3 cannon was one of the three "vengeance weapons" (German: Vergeltungswaffe) planned by Nazi Germany during World War II. Unlike the V-1 and the V-2, however, the V-3 was not a guided missile, but a huge underground complex located in Mimoyecques, France. Some sources erroneously report the Wasserfall Missile as being the V-3. V-3 cannon - Description. The complex contained five hidden batteries, each containing a single buried super-howitzer. The gu ...

Including:

• V-3 cannon - Description
• V-3 cannon - Bibliography
• V-3 cannon - Notes

Read more here: » V-3 cannon: Encyclopedia - V-3 cannon

A rocket is a vehicle, missile or aircraft which obtains thrust by the reaction to the ejection of fast moving exhaust gas from within a rocket engine. Often the term rocket is also used to mean a rocket engine. In military terminology, a rocket generally uses solid propellant and is unguided. These rockets can be fired by ground-attack aircraft at fixed targets such as buildings, or can be launched by ground forces at other ground targets. During the Vietnam era, there were also air launched unguided rockets that ...

Including:

• Rocket - History
• Rocket - Origins of rocketry
• Rocket - Modern rocketry
• Rocket - Regulation
• Rocket - Accidents
• Rocket - Future
• Rocket - Patents of interest

Read more here: » Rocket: Encyclopedia - Rocket

A4 may mean: A4 paper size, an international standard paper size (210×297 mm) defined by ISO 216 Audi A4, a brand of car HMS A4, an A-class submarine of the Royal Navy LNER Class A4, a class of steam locomotives, including the famous Mallard Southern Winds, the Argentine airline, as its IATA code V-2 rocket, as the actual model number for the German weapon In town and country planning in the UK, A4 is the code for permission to use specific l ...

Read more here: » A4: Encyclopedia - A4

Captain Video and His Video Rangers was the first of the American outer space television shows, beginning on the DuMont network on June 27, 1949. The final episode was broadcast on April 1, 1955. Set in the 24th century, which looked amazingly like 1950, the series followed the adventures of a group of fighters for truth and justice, the Video Rangers, led by Captain Video. The Rangers operated from a secret base on a mountain top. Their uniforms resembled US Army surplus with lightning bolts sewn on. The Captain had a teenaged ...

Including:

• Captain Video - External references and links

Read more here: » Captain Video: Encyclopedia - Captain Video

Missiles that have the ability to maneuver through the air can be guided, and are known as guided missiles. These have three key system components: tracking guidance flight A tracking system locates the missile's target. This can be either a human gunner aiming a sight on the target (remotely from the missile) or an automatic tracker. Automatic trackers use radiation emanating from the target or emitted from the launch platform and reflecting back to it from the target. Passive automatic trackers ...

See also:

Missile, Missile - Etymology, Missile - Introduction, Missile - Guided missiles

Read more here: » Missile: Encyclopedia II - Missile - Guided missiles

A ballistic missile is a missile that follows a prescribed course that cannot be signifigantly altered after the missile has burned its fuel (i.e. its course is governed by the laws of ballistics). In order to cover large distances, ballistic missiles are usually launched very high into the air or in space, in a sub-orbital spaceflight; for intercontinental missiles the altitude halfway is ca. 1200 km. When in space and n ...

Read more here: » Ballistic missile: Encyclopedia - Ballistic missile

Amatol is a highly explosive material, a mixture of TNT and ammonium nitrate, and used as an explosive in military weapons. Mixture ratios range from 80 percent ammonium nitrate/20 percent TNT, down to 50/50. Amatol 80/20 (used in the Bangalore Torpedo used in the Vietnam War) can be identified on detonation by the white smoke it produces. Amatol 50/50 produces a far darker smoke, though not as dark as produced by TNT alone. Its color ranges from white to slightly yellow or pinkish brown, depending on the mixture used, a ...

Read more here: » Amatol: Encyclopedia - Amatol

The complex contained five hidden batteries, each containing a single buried super-howitzer. The guns, with a barrel length of about 120 m, were the largest Axis artillery pieces, surpassing the Dora or Schwerer Gustav railway propelled 800 mm super-cannon, the Mörser Karl (Gerät 040) 600 mm tracked siege mortar, and the Leopold and Robert 320 mm railway cannons. The technological innovation employed by these huge guns was the use of multiple propelling charges, placed al ...

See also:

V-3 cannon, V-3 cannon - Description, V-3 cannon - Bibliography, V-3 cannon - Notes

Read more here: » V-3 cannon: Encyclopedia II - V-3 cannon - Description

The fortifications (which had been improved by Vauban in the 17th century) were demolished during the last decade of the 19th century and boulevards and new thoroughfares made in their place. However, a section of the ramparts remain intact on the western side of the town, converted into a park known as the 'jardin public'. There are two harbours outside and one within the city. Saint-Omer has wide streets and sp ...

See also:

Saint-Omer, Saint-Omer - Geography, Saint-Omer - Sights, Saint-Omer - Economy, Saint-Omer - Demographics, Saint-Omer - Nearby areas, Saint-Omer - History, Saint-Omer - Miscellaneous, Saint-Omer - Births, Saint-Omer - External link and reference

Read more here: » Saint-Omer: Encyclopedia II - Saint-Omer - Sights