Underground culture, or just underground, is a term to describe various alternative cultures which either consider themselves different to the mainstream of society and culture, or are considered so by someone. The word underground is used because there is a history of resistance movements under harsh regimes where the term underground was employed to refer to the necessary secrecy of the resisters. For example, the Underground Railroad was a network of clandestine routes by which African slaves in the 19th century Unite ...

Including:

• Underground culture - Etymology

Read more here: » Underground culture: Encyclopedia - Underground culture

In sociology, counterculture is a term used to describe a cultural group whose values and norms are at odds with those of the social mainstream, a cultural equivalent of a political opposition. In casual practice, the term came to prominence in the general press as it was used to refer to the youth rebellion that swept North America and Western Europe in the 1960s and early 1970s. Earlier countercultural milieus in 19th century Europe included the traditions of Bohemianism and of the Dandy. Counterculture - 1960s counter ...

Including:

• Counterculture - 1960s counterculture
• Counterculture - Russian counterculture
• Counterculture - See earlier countercultural manifestations

Read more here: » Counterculture: Encyclopedia - Counterculture

This movement was a reaction against the conservative social norms of the 1950s, the political conservatism (and perceived social repression) of the Cold War period, and the US government's extensive military intervention in Vietnam. It is sometimes discussed as the inheritor of the "Beat Generation" sensibility of the late 1940s and 1950s. Opposition to the war was exacerbated in the US by the compulsory military draft. In one view, the 1960s youth rebellion largely originated on college campuses. The Free Speech Movement at the Univ ...

See also:

Counterculture, Counterculture - 1960s counterculture, Counterculture - Russian counterculture, Counterculture - See earlier countercultural manifestations

Read more here: » Counterculture: Encyclopedia II - Counterculture - 1960s counterculture

This movement was a reaction against the conservative social norms of the 1950s, the political conservatism (and social repression) of the Cold War period, and the US government's extensive military intervention in Vietnam. It is sometimes discussed as the inheritor of the "Beat Generation" sensibility of the late 1940s and 1950s. Opposition to the war was exacerbated in the US by the compulsory military draft. In one view, the 1960s youth rebellion largely originated on college campuses. The Free Speech Movement at the University of ...

See also:

Counterculture, Counterculture - 1960s counterculture, Counterculture - Russian counterculture, Counterculture - See earlier countercultural manifestations

Read more here: » Counterculture: Encyclopedia II - Counterculture - 1960s counterculture

Although not exactly equivalent to the English definition, the term "Контркультура" (rus. Counterculture) found a constant use in Russian to define a cultural movement that promotes acting outside usual conventions of Russian culture - use of explicit language, graphical description of sex, violence and illicit activities and uncopyrighted use of "safe" characters involved in everything mentioned. During the early 70s, Russian culture was forced into quite a rigid framework of constant optimistic approach to everything. E ...

See also:

Counterculture, Counterculture - 1960s counterculture, Counterculture - Russian counterculture, Counterculture - See earlier countercultural manifestations

Read more here: » Counterculture: Encyclopedia II - Counterculture - Russian counterculture