Ukrainian stone stela

The anthropomorphic stone stelae found in the Ukrainian steppe, with some finds extending the area to Moldavia, the northern Caucasus (Southern Federal District) and the area north of the Caspian Sea (western Kazakhstan), date from the Copper Age (ca. 4000 BC–2000 BC), through the Cimmerian period and Scythian and Sarmatian times to the early Slavs of the 1st millennium CE. They were first described by Erik Lasote, ambassador to emperor Rudolf, in 1594, who recorded "seven beacons, images cut from stone, and they ...

Including:

• Ukrainian stone stela - Copper Age and Bronze Age
• Ukrainian stone stela - Cimmerians
• Ukrainian stone stela - Scythians and Sarmatians
• Ukrainian stone stela - Early Slavs

Read more here: » Ukrainian stone stela: Encyclopedia - Ukrainian stone stela

The Cimmerians of the early 1st millennium BC left a small number (about ten are known) of distinctive stone stelae. Another four or five "deer stelae" dating to the same time are known from the northern Caucasus. ...

See also:

Ukrainian stone stela, Ukrainian stone stela - Copper Age and Bronze Age, Ukrainian stone stela - Cimmerians, Ukrainian stone stela - Scythians and Sarmatians, Ukrainian stone stela - Early Slavs

Read more here: » Ukrainian stone stela: Encyclopedia II - Ukrainian stone stela - Cimmerians

The Yamna (from Russian яма "pit") or Pit Grave or Ochre Grave culture is a late copper age/early bronze age culture of the Bug/Dniester/Ural region, dating to the 36th–23rd centuries BC. The culture was predominantly nomadic, with some agriculture practiced near rivers and a few hillforts. Domestication of the horse, cattle, sheep and goat, use of plough and carts is attested. Characteristic for the culture are the inhumations in kurgans, (tumuli) in pit graves with the dead body placed in a supine position ...

Including:

• Yamna culture - Sources

Read more here: » Yamna culture: Encyclopedia - Yamna culture

Kurgan (кургáн) is the Russian word (of Turkic origin) for tumulus, a type of burial mound or barrow, heaped over a burial chamber, often of wood. In 1956 Marija Gimbutas introduced her Kurgan hypothesis combining kurgan archaeology with linguistics to locate the origins of the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) speaking peoples. She tentatively named the culture "Kurgan" after their distinctive burial mounds and traced its diffusion into Europe. This hypothesis has had a significant impact on Indo-European research. ...

Including:

• Kurgan - Archaeology
• Kurgan - Some excavated kurgans
• Kurgan - Literature

Read more here: » Kurgan: Encyclopedia - Kurgan

The "Kurgan hypothesis" of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) origins assumes gradual expansion of the "Kurgan culture" until it encompasses the entire Pontic steppe, Kurgan IV being identified with the Yamna culture of around 3000 BC. Subsequent expansion beyond the steppes leads to hybrid cultures, such as the Globular Amphora culture to the west, the immigration of proto-Greeks to the Balkans and the nomadic Indo-Iranian cultures to the east around 2500 BC. The domestication of the horse, and later the use of early chariots is assumed to have incr ...

See also:

Kurgan hypothesis, Kurgan hypothesis - Overview, Kurgan hypothesis - Stages of expansion, Kurgan hypothesis - Timeline, Kurgan hypothesis - Secondary Urheimat, Kurgan hypothesis - Differences of interpretation, Kurgan hypothesis - Genetics

Read more here: » Kurgan hypothesis: Encyclopedia II - Kurgan hypothesis - Overview

Kurgan type barrows were characteristic of Bronze Age nomadic peoples of the steppes, from the Altai to the Caucasus and Romania. Sometimes, burial mounds are quite complex structures with internal chambers. Within the burial chamber at the heart of the kurgan, members of the elite were buried with grave goods and sacrificial offerings, sometimes including horses and chariots. K ...

See also:

Kurgan, Kurgan - Archaeology, Kurgan - Some excavated kurgans, Kurgan - Literature

Read more here: » Kurgan: Encyclopedia II - Kurgan - Archaeology

The "Kurgan hypothesis" of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) origins assumes gradual expansion of the "Kurgan culture" until it encompasses the entire Pontic steppe, Kurgan IV being identified with the Yamna culture of around 3000 BC. Subsequent expansion beyond the steppes leads to hybrid cultures, such as the Globular Amphora culture to the west, the immigration of proto-Greeks to the Balkans and the nomadic Indo-Iranian cultures to the east around 2500 BC. The domestication of the horse, and later the use of early chariots is assumed to have incr ...

See also:

Kurgan hypothesis, Kurgan hypothesis - Overview, Kurgan hypothesis - Stages of expansion, Kurgan hypothesis - Timeline, Kurgan hypothesis - Secondary Urheimat, Kurgan hypothesis - Differences of interpretation, Kurgan hypothesis - Genetics, Kurgan hypothesis - Literature

Read more here: » Kurgan hypothesis: Encyclopedia II - Kurgan hypothesis - Overview

The Andronovo culture is a cover term for a group of Bronze Age cultures of southern Siberia and Central Asia, ca. 2300–1000 BCE. It is probably better termed an archaeological complex or archaeological horizon. The name derives from the village of Andronovo (55°53′N 55°42′E), where in 1914, several graves were discovered, with skeletons in crouched positions, buried with richly decorated pottery. At least four sub-cultures have been since distinguished, during which the culture expands towards the south and the east:Including:

• Andronovo culture - Successors
• Andronovo culture - External link

Read more here: » Andronovo culture: Encyclopedia - Andronovo culture

A stele (or stela) is a stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected for funerary or commemorative purposes, most usually decorated with the names and titles of the deceased, or living, inscribed, carved in relief or painted onto the slab. The word derives from the Greek stele, "standing block". The word can be pronounced /ˈstiː.lʌ/ or /Including:

• Stele - Stelae with individual entries

Read more here: » Stele: Encyclopedia - Stele

The Sintashta-Petrovka culture is succeeded by the Fedorovo (1400-1200 BCE) and Alekseyevka (1200-1000 BCE) cultures, still considered as part of the Andronovo horizon. In southern Siberia and Kazakhstan, the Andronovo culture was succeeded by the Karasuk culture (1500-800 BCE), which is sometimes asserted to be non-Indo-European, and at other times to be specifically proto-Iranian. On its western border, it is succeeded by the Srubna culture, which partly derives from the Abashevo culture. The earliest historical peoples associated w ...

See also:

Andronovo culture, Andronovo culture - Successors, Andronovo culture - External link

Read more here: » Andronovo culture: Encyclopedia II - Andronovo culture - Successors