trial and error

A trial is, in the most general sense, a test, usually a test to see whether something does or does not meet a given standard. trial (law), the presentation of information in a formal setting, usually a court jury trial bench trial trial by ordeal motorcycle trial, a kind of competition bike trials riding, a kind of competition trial grammatical number, in linguistics, a grammatical form which signifies that there are three of something The Trial, a novel by Franz Kafka Trial ( ...

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This article focuses on approaches in artificial intelligence on the problem of automated planning and scheduling. It concerns the realisation of strategies or action sequences, typically for execution by intelligent agents, autonomous robots and unmanned vehicles. Unlike classical control and classification problems, the solutions are complex, unknown and have to be discovered and optimised in multidimensional space. In known environments with available models planning can be done offline. Solutions can be found and evaluated ...

Including:

• Automated planning and scheduling - Related topics

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A brassière or bra is a foundation garment for women which covers and supports the breasts. Brassiere - Need for brassières. The female breasts have very little internal support, being composed largely of adipose tissue. It is believed that the primary anatomical support for the breast is provided by the Cooper's ligaments, with the skin covering the breasts offering some additional support. However, this anatomical support is usually insufficient to hold the breasts up (especially in older women), ...

Including:

• Brassiere - Need for brassières
• Brassiere - History
• Brassiere - Bra sizes
• Brassiere - Construction and Fit
• Brassiere - Types of bra
• Brassiere - Culture
• Brassiere - Terminology

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Knowledge is present moment awareness. In other words, on a practical level knowledge is whatever we are aware of right now. This explains the commonly used phrase 'knowledge is power', because we can only act upon what we know, and these actions can only take place in the present moment. While an action may take place in the future, its result is not entirely predictable; therefore, we cannot ...

Including:

• Knowledge - Defining knowledge
• Knowledge - Knowledge management
• Knowledge - Situated knowledge
• Knowledge - Sociology of knowledge
• Knowledge - Other definitions

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Jam is a type of fruit preserve made by boiling fruit with sugar to make an unfiltered jelly. Jam is often spread on bread and also as a culinary sweetener, for example in yogurt. The use of cane sugar to make jam and jelly can be traced back to the 16th century when the Spanish came to the West Indies, where they preserved fruit, but the Greek technique of preseving quinces by boiling them in honey was included in the Roman cook ...

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An aquarium (plural aquariums or aquaria) is a clear-sided container (typically constructed of glass or high-strength plastic) in which water-dwelling plants and animals (usually fish, and sometimes invertebrates, as well as amphibians, marine mammals, and reptiles) are kept in captivity, often for public display; or it is an establishment featuring such displays. Aquarium keeping is a popular hobby around the world, with about 60 million enthusiasts worldwide. From the 1850s, when the predecessor of the modern aquarium ...

Including:

• Aquarium - History and development
• Aquarium - Etymology
• Aquarium - Ancient practices
• Aquarium - Glass enclosures
• Aquarium - Popularization
• Aquarium - Function and design
• Aquarium - Design
• Aquarium - Classifications
• Aquarium - Species selection
• Aquarium - Source of aquarium inhabitants
• Aquarium - Ecology
• Aquarium - Nitrogen cycle
• Aquarium - Other nutrient cycles
• Aquarium - Biological loading
• Aquarium - Public aquaria

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The term "markup" is derived from the traditional publishing practice of "marking up" a manuscript, that is, adding printer's instructions in the margins of a paper manuscript. For centuries, this task was done by specialists known as "markup men" who marked up text to indicate what typeface, font, style, and size should be applied to each part, and then handed off the manuscript to someone else for the tedious task of typesetting by hand. ...

See also:

Markup language, Markup language - Classes of markup languages, Markup language - Presentational markup, Markup language - Procedural markup, Markup language - Descriptive Markup, Markup language - History, Markup language - GenCode, Markup language - TeX, Markup language - SGML, Markup language - HTML, Markup language - XML, Markup language - Features, Markup language - Alternative usage

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The Macintosh operating system initially consisted of two pieces of software, called "System" and "Finder", each with its own version number. They were bundled for upgrades as "System Software" with a single version number for each combination. This was formally shortened to "System" (and the component version numbers synchronised) with "System 6". System 7.5.1 was the first to include the Mac OS logo (a blue variation of a smiley face), and Mac OS 7.6 was the first to be named "Mac OS" (to ensure that users would still identify it with Apple, even when used ...

See also:

Mac OS, Mac OS - Versions, Mac OS - Classic Mac OS 1984-2001, Mac OS - Mac OS X 2001-present, Mac OS - Classic Mac OS technologies, Mac OS - Project Star Trek, Mac OS - A/UX

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The potato crisp remained unseasoned, which limited its appeal, until an innovation by the owner of an Irish crisp company called Tayto, who developed a technology to add seasoning in the 1950s. Though he had a small company, consisting almost entirely of his immediate family who prepared the chips, the owner had long proved himself an innovator. After some trial and error, he produced the world's first seasoned potato chips, "Cheese and Onion" and "Salt 'n' Vinegar". Chips seasoned with salt had been sold previously, but the salt was supplied in a sealed packet ...

See also:

Potato chips, Potato chips - Origins, Potato chips - Seasoned chips, Potato chips - Similar foods, Potato chips - In recipes

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There are many different disciplines that generate beliefs that can be regarded as knowledge. They include science (which generates scientific theories), law (which generates verdicts), history (which generates history), and maths (which generates proofs). Propositional knowledge - Knowledge in science and engineering. Scientists attempt to gain knowledge through the scientific method. In this method, scientists start by finding a phenomenon of interest, which generates questions. A scientist then picks a ...

See also:

Propositional knowledge, Propositional knowledge - Acquiring knowledge, Propositional knowledge - Types of knowledge, Propositional knowledge - Knowledge in various disciplines, Propositional knowledge - Knowledge in science and engineering, Propositional knowledge - Knowledge in history, Propositional knowledge - Situated knowledge, Propositional knowledge - Issues, Propositional knowledge - Non-scientific methods, Propositional knowledge - Practical limits for obtaining knowledge

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To encrypt a message, Alice rotates the discs to produce the plaintext message along one "row" of the stack of discs, and then selects another row as the ciphertext. To decrypt the message, Bob rotates the discs on his cylinder to produce the ciphertext along a row. It is handy if both Alice and Bob know the offset of the row, but not really necessary since Bob can simply look around the cylinder to find a row that makes sense. For example, a simplified "toy" Bazeries cylinder, using only ten discs, might be organised as shown below, with each disc "unwrapped" into a ...

See also:

Bazeries cylinder, Bazeries cylinder - Operation, Bazeries cylinder - Basis for military ciphers, Bazeries cylinder - Cryptanalysis

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According to the fundamental theorem of algebra, a quartic equation always has four solutions (roots). They may be complex and there may be duplicate solutions. Much effort has been turned to finding these roots. As with other polynomials, it is sometimes possible to factor a quartic equation directly; but more often such a feat is Herculean, especially when the roots are irrational or complex. Hence it would be useful to have a general formula or algorithm (analogous to the quadratic equation, which solves all quadratics). After much ...

See also:

Quartic equation, Quartic equation - Solving the quartic equation, Quartic equation - Special cases, Quartic equation - The general case along Ferrari's lines, Quartic equation - Alternative methods, Quartic equation - Reference

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Soap bubble - Surface tension and shape. A bubble can exist because the surface layer of a liquid (usually water) has a certain surface tension, which causes the layer to behave somewhat like an elastic sheet. However, a bubble made with a pure liquid alone is not stable and a dissolved surfactant such as soap is needed to stabilise a bubble. A common misconception is that soap increases the water's surface tension. Actually soap does the exact opposite, decreasing it to approximately one third the surface tensio ...

See also:

Soap bubble, Soap bubble - Physics, Soap bubble - Surface tension and shape, Soap bubble - Freezing, Soap bubble - Merging, Soap bubble - Interference and reflection, Soap bubble - Mathematical properties, Soap bubble - How to make soap bubbles, Soap bubble - Additives, Soap bubble - Procedure, Soap bubble - History of bubbles as playthings, Soap bubble - Bubble blowers, Soap bubble - Sample formulae, Soap bubble - Performance art

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The strategy for solving a puzzle may be regarded as comprising a combination of three processes: scanning, marking up, and analysing. Sudoku - Scanning. Scanning is performed at the outset and periodically throughout the solution. Scans may have to be performed several times in between analysis periods. Scanning consists of two basic techniques: Cross-hatching: the scanning of rows (or columns) to identify which line in a particular region may contain a certain number by a process of e ...

See also:

Sudoku, Sudoku - Introduction, Sudoku - Rules and terminology, Sudoku - Solution methods, Sudoku - Scanning, Sudoku - Marking up, Sudoku - Analysis, Sudoku - Computer solutions, Sudoku - Difficulty ratings, Sudoku - Construction, Sudoku - Variants, Sudoku - Mathematics of Sudoku, Sudoku - History, Sudoku - Popularity in the media

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The Macintosh operating system initially consisted of two pieces of software, called "System" and "Finder", each with its own version number. They were bundled for upgrades as "System Software" with a single version number for each combination. This was formally shortened to "System" (and the component version numbers synchronised) with "System 6". System 7.5.1 was the first to include the Mac OS logo (a blue variation of a smiley face), and Mac OS 7.6 was the first to be named "Mac OS" (to ensure that users would still identify it with Apple, even when used ...

See also:

Mac OS, Mac OS - Versions, Mac OS - Classic Mac OS 1984-2001, Mac OS - Mac OS X 2001-present, Mac OS - Classic Mac OS technologies, Mac OS - Obsolete technologies, Mac OS - Project Star Trek, Mac OS - Project Marklar, Mac OS - Translation emulation and Macintosh clones, Mac OS - A/UX

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The potato crisp remained unseasoned, which limited its appeal, until an innovation by Joe "Spud" Murphy (1923 – 2001), the owner of an Irish crisp company called Tayto, who developed a technology to add seasoning in the 1950s. Though he had a small company, consisting almost entirely of his immediate family who prepared the chips, the owner had long proved himself an innovator. After some trial and error, he produced the world's first seasoned potato chips, "Cheese and Onion" and "Salt 'n' Vinegar". Chips seasoned with salt had been sold previously, but the salt was supplied in a sealed packet ...

See also:

Potato chips, Potato chips - Origins, Potato chips - Seasoned chips, Potato chips - Similar foods, Potato chips - In recipes

Read more here: » Potato chips: Encyclopedia II - Potato chips - Seasoned chips

Bloch attended the first Hague Peace Conference in 1899, possibly at the invitation of Tsar Nicholas II, and distributed copies of his work to delegates from the diplomatic missions of 26 states, to little avail. The British publicist WT Stead also worked to spread Bloch's insights. In each particular, Bloch's theoretical research was rejected or ignored. To the English readers of The Contemporary Review, Bloch wrote in 1901: Europe's patriots were unmoved. French cavalry and British infantry commanders only learned Bloch's les ...

See also:

Ivan Bloch, Ivan Bloch - Contribution to theory, Ivan Bloch - Influence, Ivan Bloch - Role in contemporary theory

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A bra size consists of two measurements: the "band size", given by a number, which is the circumference around the body excluding the breasts, and "cup size", given by a letter, which is related to the volume of the breasts themselves. The size of women's breasts is often expressed in terms of bra size. Bras are commonly available in cup sizes A-DD, and one generally has to go to a specialist lingerie store to find larger cup size bras. The sizing of cup sizes can be confusing, since some manufacturers use multiple letters such ...

See also:

Brassiere, Brassiere - Need for brassières, Brassiere - History, Brassiere - Bra sizes, Brassiere - Sister size, Brassiere - Construction and Fit, Brassiere - Types of bra, Brassiere - Culture, Brassiere - Terminology

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Rome: Total War - Factions and cultures in the original game. When Rome is first installed, it will only allow the player to play as one of the three Roman factions: the Julii, the Brutii, or the Scipii. Over the course of a campaign as the Romans, additional factions will gradually be unlocked, up to a total of eight when the player wins the campaign. There are a further nine factions—Macedon, Pontus, Armenia, Dacia, Scythia, Spain, Thrace, and Numidia—which cannot be unlocked this way. Two final fact ...

See also:

Rome: Total War, Rome: Total War - System requirements, Rome: Total War - Gameplay, Rome: Total War - Factions, Rome: Total War - Factions and cultures in the original game, Rome: Total War - Factions in the Barbarian Invasion Expansion, Rome: Total War - Barbarian Invasion leaked, Rome: Total War - Reviews and awards, Rome: Total War - Criticism, Rome: Total War - Modification

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The Legend of Prince Valiant - The Premise. Like the original comic strip, the series begins with the fall of Thule, the fictional kingdom that Prince Valiant is heir to. Valiant, his parents, and a group of survivors from the castle are exiled by the ruthless conqueror Cynin to a hostile marsh across the sea. The young prince, deeply saddened by this defeat and vengeful towards Cynin, attempts to make the best of his new life but craves some greater purpose. He find this purpose when he starts having a series of ...

See also:

The Legend of Prince Valiant, The Legend of Prince Valiant - Story Summary, The Legend of Prince Valiant - The Premise, The Legend of Prince Valiant - Season One 26 Episodes, The Legend of Prince Valiant - Season Two 39 Episodes, The Legend of Prince Valiant - Characters, The Legend of Prince Valiant - Main Characters, The Legend of Prince Valiant - Supporting Characters, The Legend of Prince Valiant - Recurring Characters, The Legend of Prince Valiant - Themes, The Legend of Prince Valiant - Connections to Arthurian Lore and the Comic Strip, The Legend of Prince Valiant - Soundtrack, The Legend of Prince Valiant - Video Games

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