Porcupine Tree - Albums. On The Sunday Of Life... (1991, Remastered 2004) Up the Downstair (1CD 1993, 2CD Expanded/Re-recorded 2005) The Sky Moves Sideways (1995, US Edition 1996, Expanded Remaster 2004, 3LP + bonus 7 inch single 2004) Signify (1CD 1996, 2CD Expanded 2003, LP 2004, Digipack 2004) Metanoia (LP 1998, Expanded CD 2001) Stupid Dream (1999) Voyage 34: The Complete Trip (2000, Remastered 2004, R ...

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Porcupine Tree, Porcupine Tree - Discography, Porcupine Tree - Albums, Porcupine Tree - Live albums, Porcupine Tree - Singles and EPs, Porcupine Tree - Limited edition, Porcupine Tree - Promotional, Porcupine Tree - Origin of the name 'Porcupine Tree'

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Decision tree - Gini impurity. Used by the CART algorithm (Classification and Regression Trees). It is based on squared probabilities of membership for each target category in the node. It reaches its minimum (zero) when all cases in the node fall into a single target category. Suppose y takes on values in {1, 2, ..., m}, and let f(i, j) = frequency of value j in node i. That is, f(i, j) is the proportion of records assigned to node i for which y = j. ...

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Decision tree, Decision tree - General, Decision tree - Types, Decision tree - Practical example, Decision tree - Formulas, Decision tree - Gini impurity, Decision tree - Entropy, Decision tree - Decision tree advantages, Decision tree - Extending decision trees with decision graphs, Decision tree - External sources

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In a decision tree, all paths from the root node to the leaf node proceed by way of conjunction, or AND. In a decision graph, it is possible to use disjunctions (ORs) to join two more paths together. A complement to Decision Trees is Morphological Analysis. ...

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Decision tree, Decision tree - General, Decision tree - Types, Decision tree - Practical example, Decision tree - Formulas, Decision tree - Gini impurity, Decision tree - Entropy, Decision tree - Decision tree advantages, Decision tree - Extending decision trees with decision graphs, Decision tree - External sources

Read more here: » Decision tree: Encyclopedia II - Decision tree - Extending decision trees with decision graphs

Tinsel and several types of garland or ribbon are commonly used to decorate a Christmas tree. Delicate mould-blown and painted coloured glass Christmas ornaments were a specialty of Czech glass factories from the late 19th century, and have since become a large industry, complete with famous-name designers. Lighting with candles or electric lights (fairy lights) is commonly done, and a tree topper completes the ensemble. Strands of tinsel may be hung in groups from longer branches to simulate icicles, though this trend has gradually fallen o ...

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Christmas tree, Christmas tree - Types of trees used, Christmas tree - Natural trees, Christmas tree - Artificial trees, Christmas tree - Decoration and ornaments, Christmas tree - Tree mats and skirts, Christmas tree - Flocking, Christmas tree - Care and disposal of natural trees, Christmas tree - History, Christmas tree - Name controversy, Christmas tree - Usage controversy

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The radix tree is easiest to understand as a space-optimized trie where each node with only one child is merged with its child. The result is that every internal node has at least two children. Unlike in tries, edges can be labelled with sequences of characters as well as single characters. This makes them much more efficient for small sets (especially if the strings are long) and for sets of strings that share long prefixes. It supports the following main operations, all of which are O(k), where k is the maximum length ...

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Radix tree, Radix tree - Overview, Radix tree - Applications, Radix tree - History, Radix tree - Comparison to other data structures

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Often, one wishes to visit each of the nodes in a tree and examine the value there. There are several common orders in which the nodes can be visited, and each has useful properties that are exploited in algorithms based on binary trees. Binary tree - Pre-order in-order and post-order traversal. Main article: Tree traversal. Pre-order, in-order, and post-order traversal visit each node in a tree by recursively visiting each node in the left and right subtrees of the root. If the root node is ...

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Binary tree, Binary tree - Definitions for rooted trees, Binary tree - Types of binary tree, Binary tree - Definition in graph theory, Binary tree - Methods for storing binary trees, Binary tree - Methods of iterating over binary trees, Binary tree - Pre-order in-order and post-order traversal, Binary tree - Depth-first order, Binary tree - Breadth-first order, Binary tree - Encodings, Binary tree - Succinct encodings, Binary tree - Encoding n-ary trees as binary trees

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Binary trees can be constructed from programming language primitives in several ways. In a language with records and references, binary trees are typically constructed by having a tree node structure which contains some data and references to its left child and its right child. Sometimes it also contains a reference to its unique parent. If a node has fewer than two children, some of the child pointers ma ...

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Binary tree, Binary tree - Definitions for rooted trees, Binary tree - Types of binary tree, Binary tree - Definition in graph theory, Binary tree - Methods for storing binary trees, Binary tree - Methods of iterating over binary trees, Binary tree - Pre-order in-order and post-order traversal, Binary tree - Depth-first order, Binary tree - Breadth-first order, Binary tree - Encodings, Binary tree - Succinct encodings, Binary tree - Encoding n-ary trees as binary trees

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In September 13, 2004 the Olive Tree became the Federation of All United in the Olive Tree (Italian: Uniti nell'Ulivo) or, more shortly, the FED, a more strict alliance of only 3 out of 8 former affiliate parties plus the small former non-aligned European Republican Movement. The Olive Tree Federation is led by Romano Prodi and aims to be the core of a greater center-left coalition, called The Union (Italian: L'Unione), in order to run for the 2006 general elections and defeat Silvio Berlusconi and the Hous ...

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Olive Tree, Olive Tree - Olive Tree - together for Italy, Olive Tree - All United in the Olive Tree - for Europe, Olive Tree - All United in the Olive Tree, Olive Tree - External link

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Binary tree - Succinct encodings. A succinct data structure is one which takes the absolute minimum possible space, as established by information theoretical lower bounds. The number of different binary trees on n nodes is Cn, the nth Catalan number (assuming we view trees with identical structure as identical). For large n, this is about See also:

Binary tree, Binary tree - Definitions for rooted trees, Binary tree - Types of binary tree, Binary tree - Definition in graph theory, Binary tree - Methods for storing binary trees, Binary tree - Methods of iterating over binary trees, Binary tree - Pre-order in-order and post-order traversal, Binary tree - Depth-first order, Binary tree - Breadth-first order, Binary tree - Encodings, Binary tree - Succinct encodings, Binary tree - Encoding n-ary trees as binary trees

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Nodes in a B-Tree are usually represented as an ordered set of elements and child pointers. Every node but the root contains a minimum of L-1 elements, a maximum of U-1 elements, and a maximum of U child pointers, for some arbitrary L and U. For all internal nodes, the number of child pointers is always one more than the number of elements. Since all leaf nodes are at the same height, nodes do not generally contain a way of dete ...

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B-tree, B-tree - Node structures, B-tree - Algorithms, B-tree - Search, B-tree - Insertion, B-tree - Deletion, B-tree - Notes

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Wisdom Tree's titles always had a Christian theme to them, and were often sold in Christian bookstores and the like. The games attempted to use the medium to tell Bible stories in such a way as to make them interesting to children of the video game era. Interestingly, many of their games were total conversions of titles previously released by Color Dreams, with appropriate changes in theme. The company's first release as Wisdom Tree was Bible Adventures, a three-in-one multicart which was loosely based on gameplay elements foun ...

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Wisdom Tree, Wisdom Tree - History, Wisdom Tree - Games, Wisdom Tree - Current activities, Wisdom Tree - Sources

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Music by U2, words by Bono. Produced and engineered by Brian Eno and Daniel Lanois. "With or Without You", "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For", and "Where the Streets Have No Name" were released as singles internationally. In addition, "In God's Country" was released as a fourth single in North America and "One Tree Hill" was released as a fourth single in New Zealand. The original CD pressings of the album incorrectly indexed the ending of "One Tree Hill" (4:43) at the beginning of "Exit" (4:53). This ha ...

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The Joshua Tree, The Joshua Tree - Themes, The Joshua Tree - Water and Desert, The Joshua Tree - America, The Joshua Tree - Loss, The Joshua Tree - Greg Carroll, The Joshua Tree - The Joshua Tree, The Joshua Tree - Summary, The Joshua Tree - Track listing, The Joshua Tree - Personnel, The Joshua Tree - Charting singles

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Graph theorists typically use the following definition: A binary tree is a connected acyclic graph such that the degree of each vertex is no more than 3. It can be shown that in any binary tree, there are exactly two more nodes of degree one than there are of degree three, but there can be any number of nodes of degree two. A rooted binary tree is such a graph that has one of its vertices of degree no more than 2 singled out as the root. With the root thus chosen, each vertex will have a uniquely defined parent, and up to two c ...

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Binary tree, Binary tree - Definitions for rooted trees, Binary tree - Types of binary tree, Binary tree - Definition in graph theory, Binary tree - Methods for storing binary trees, Binary tree - Methods of iterating over binary trees, Binary tree - Pre-order in-order and post-order traversal, Binary tree - Depth-first order, Binary tree - Breadth-first order, Binary tree - Encodings, Binary tree - Succinct encodings, Binary tree - Encoding n-ary trees as binary trees

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White Tree of Gondor - First White Tree. The first White Tree of Gondor came from a fruit that Isildur, at great personal risk, managed to steal from Nimloth the Fair, the White Tree of Númenor, before that one was destroyed at Sauron's insistence. He suffered many wounds at this mission, and he came near death, but when the first leaf opened in the spring, Isildur was healed of his wounds. This sapling was brought to Middle-earth on Isildur's ship, and it was eventually planted in Minas Ithil before the ...

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White Tree of Gondor, White Tree of Gondor - History, White Tree of Gondor - First White Tree, White Tree of Gondor - Second White Tree, White Tree of Gondor - Third White Tree, White Tree of Gondor - Fourth White Tree, White Tree of Gondor - Genealogy, White Tree of Gondor - Film

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Every tree is a bipartite graph. Every tree with only countably many vertices is a planar graph. Every connected graph G admits a spanning tree, which is a tree that contains every vertex of G and whose edges are edges of G. Given n labeled vertices, there are nn−2 different ways to connect them to make a tree. This result is called Cayley's formula. The number of trees with n vertices of degree d1,d2,...,dn is < ...

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Tree graph theory, Tree graph theory - Definitions, Tree graph theory - Example, Tree graph theory - Facts, Tree graph theory - Types of trees

Read more here: » Tree graph theory: Encyclopedia II - Tree graph theory - Facts

Some species of fruit are commonly grown on their own roots; new plants are propagated by rooting, layering, or modern tissue-culture techniques. In these cases there are may be no great advantages to using a special rootstock or improved rootstocks are not available. Fig, filbert, olive, pomegranate, gooseberry, bramble, and other fruits are commonly grown without any special rootstock. Though vegetative propagation of apple, pear, stone fruits, and many other species is a nearly universal practice, it does have some detracto ...

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Fruit tree propagation, Fruit tree propagation - Grafting, Fruit tree propagation - Bud grafting, Fruit tree propagation - Whip and Tongue grafting, Fruit tree propagation - Apple rootstocks, Fruit tree propagation - Pear Rootstocks, Fruit tree propagation - Cherries, Fruit tree propagation - Plums, Fruit tree propagation - Own-Root Fruit Trees, Fruit tree propagation - Own-root apples in a Permaculture design, Fruit tree propagation - External link

Read more here: » Fruit tree propagation: Encyclopedia II - Fruit tree propagation - Own-Root Fruit Trees

We will use an example to explain decision trees: Our friend David; is the manager of a famous golf club. Sadly, he is having some trouble with his customers' attendance. There are days that everyone wants to play golf and the staff of the club is not enough for them; on some other days, for no apparent reason, no one plays golf; and the club has a high slack of employees. David’s objective is to optimise the staff availability by trying to predict when people will play golf using the METOFFICE week forecast. To accomplish that he needs to understand the reason people decid ...

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Decision tree, Decision tree - General, Decision tree - Types, Decision tree - Practical example, Decision tree - Formulas, Decision tree - Gini impurity, Decision tree - Entropy, Decision tree - Decision tree advantages, Decision tree - Extending decision trees with decision graphs, Decision tree - External sources

Read more here: » Decision tree: Encyclopedia II - Decision tree - Practical example

In the late 1980s, Color Dreams was the largest producer of unlicensed games for the NES, but it faced many difficulties getting retailers to stock its games, due to pressure from Nintendo. Although Color Dreams violated no laws in opting out of the Nintendo licensing system with its workaround of Nintendo's lockout chip technology, Nintendo was displeased that it was receiving no revenues from Color Dreams games, and wanted to prevent other companies from following suit. Thus, Nintendo began to threaten to cease selling games to retailers t ...

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Wisdom Tree, Wisdom Tree - History, Wisdom Tree - Games, Wisdom Tree - Current activities, Wisdom Tree - Sources

Read more here: » Wisdom Tree: Encyclopedia II - Wisdom Tree - History

Formative pruning of apple (Malus domesticata) and pear (Pyrus communis) trees (the ‘pome’ fruits- the ‘stone’ fruits such as cherries, plums, gages, etc have different requirements and should not be pruned during the dormant months) should be carried out during the dormant winter months between November and March during the early years of the tree’s life in order to develop a strong framework capable of bearing the weight of the crops that will be borne in later years. This involves hard pruning, although in later years pruning will be lighter and ca ...

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Pruning fruit trees, Pruning fruit trees - Overview, Pruning fruit trees - Formative pruning of bush trees, Pruning fruit trees - Pruning the cropping tree, Pruning fruit trees - Pruning of tip bearers

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Flower of variety 'Majestic Beauty' thick, conical thorns Fruit ...

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Floss silk tree, Floss silk tree - Uses, Floss silk tree - Gallery, Floss silk tree - Reference

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The essentials of our present methods of propagating of fruit trees date from the time of the Romans, who were apparently the first to discover grafting. Classical authors wrote extensively about the technicals skills of fruit cultivation, including grafting techniques and rootstock selection. The oldest surviving named varieties of fruits date from classical times. The simplest method of propagating a tree asexually is rooting. A cutting (a piece of the parent plant) is cut and stuck into soil. Artificial rooting hormon ...

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Fruit tree propagation, Fruit tree propagation - Grafting, Fruit tree propagation - Bud grafting, Fruit tree propagation - Whip and Tongue grafting, Fruit tree propagation - Apple rootstocks, Fruit tree propagation - Pear Rootstocks, Fruit tree propagation - Cherries, Fruit tree propagation - Plums, Fruit tree propagation - Own-Root Fruit Trees, Fruit tree propagation - Own-root apples in a Permaculture design, Fruit tree propagation - External link

Read more here: » Fruit tree propagation: Encyclopedia II - Fruit tree propagation - Grafting

The serpent and tree theme, especially as it relates to the development of the earliest man, occurs in the beginning of the Hebrew Bible, a sacred text to Jews, Christians, and Muslims. It is also found in the Norse sagas as the ash tree Yggdrasil. Instead of having fruit that gives knowledge, it has magic springwater of knowledge. Although one should note that many times throughout the Bible, 'fruit' is used in a metaphorical sense, i.e. to bear fruit. In opposition to the serpent at the base, offering immortality, was an eagle and h ...

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Tree of Life, Tree of Life - Analysis, Tree of Life - Interpretation within the Western Church

Read more here: » Tree of Life: Encyclopedia II - Tree of Life - Analysis