A tree is a plant form and trees occur in many different orders and families of plants. Trees thus show a wide variety of growth form, leaf type and shape, bark characteristics, reproductive structures, etc. The earliest trees were tree ferns and horsetails, which grew in vast forests in the Carboniferous Period; tree ferns still survive, but the only surviving horsetails are not of tree form. Later, in the Triassic Period, conifers, ginkgos, cycads and other gymnosperms appeared, and subsequently flowering plants in the Cretaceous Pe ...

See also:

Tree, Tree - Classifications, Tree - Morphology, Tree - Champion trees, Tree - Major tree genera, Tree - Flowering plants Magnoliophyta; angiosperms, Tree - Conifers Pinophyta; softwood trees, Tree - Ginkgos Ginkgophyta, Tree - Cycads Cycadophyta, Tree - Ferns Pterophyta, Tree - Life stages, Tree - Bibliography

Read more here: » Tree: Encyclopedia II - Tree - Classifications

See also:

Tree, Tree - Classifications, Tree - Morphology, Tree - Champion trees, Tree - Major tree genera, Tree - Flowering plants Magnoliophyta; angiosperms, Tree - Conifers Pinophyta; softwood trees, Tree - Ginkgos Ginkgophyta, Tree - Cycads Cycadophyta, Tree - Ferns Pterophyta, Tree - Life stages, Tree - Bibliography

Read more here: » Tree: Encyclopedia II - Tree - Morphology

The world's champion trees can be considered on several factors; height, trunk diameter or girth, total size, and age. It is significant that in each case, the top position is always held by a conifer, though a different species in each case; in most measures, the second to fourth places are also held by conifers. Tallest trees The heights of the tallest trees in the world have been the subject of considerable dispute and much (often wild) exaggeration. Modern verified measurement with laser rangefinders combined w ...

See also:

Tree, Tree - Classifications, Tree - Morphology, Tree - Champion trees, Tree - Major tree genera, Tree - Flowering plants Magnoliophyta; angiosperms, Tree - Conifers Pinophyta; softwood trees, Tree - Ginkgos Ginkgophyta, Tree - Cycads Cycadophyta, Tree - Ferns Pterophyta, Tree - Life stages, Tree - Bibliography

Read more here: » Tree: Encyclopedia II - Tree - Champion trees

A tree can be defined as a large, perennial, woody plant. Though there is no set definition regarding minimum size, the term generally applies to plants at least 6 m (20 ft) high at maturity and, more importantly, having secondary branches supported on a single main stem or trunk (see shrub for comparison). Compared with most other plant forms, trees are long-lived. A few species of trees grow to 100 m tall, an ...

Including:

Tree - Classifications Tree - Morphology Tree - Champion trees Tree - Major tree genera
Tree - Flowering plants Magnoliophyta; angiosperms Tree - Conifers Pinophyta; softwood trees Tree - Ginkgos Ginkgophyta Tree - Cycads Cycadophyta Tree - Ferns Pterophyta
Tree - Life stages Tree - Bibliography

Read more here: » Tree: Encyclopedia - Tree

See text Elms are deciduous trees of the genus Ulmus, family Ulmaceae. They have alternate, simple, single- or doubly-serrate leaves, usually with asymmetric bases, often rough with fine bristles. The fruit is a round samara. There are between 20 to 45 species of elm; the ambiguity in the number is a result of difficult species delimitations in elms, due to the ease of hybridisation between them and the development of local seed-sterile vegetatively-propagated microspecies in some areas, mainly in th ...

Including:

Elm - Classification Elm - Landscape Use Elm - Dutch Elm Disease Elm - Resistant Trees

Read more here: » Elm: Encyclopedia - Elm

The Uralic languages form a language family of about 30 languages spoken by approximately 20 million people. The name of the language family refers to the location of the family’s suggested Urheimat (homeland), which is often placed close to the Ural mountains. Countries that are home to a significant number of speakers of Uralic languages include: Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Norway, Romania, Russia, the Serbian province of Vojvodina, and Sweden. The healthiest Uralic languages, in terms of the number of native speakers and national ...

Including:

Uralic languages - Family Tree Uralic languages - Classification of Languages Uralic languages - Typology Uralic languages - Selected cognates Uralic languages - Bibliography

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A forest is an area with a high density of trees (or, historically, a wooded area set aside for hunting). These plant communities cover large areas of the globe and function as carbon dioxide sinks, animal habitats, hydrologic flow modulators, and soil conservers, constituting one of the most important aspects of the Earth's biosphere. Forests can be found in all regions capable of sustaining tree growth, at altitudes up to the tree-line, except where natural fire frequency is too high, or where the tree growing environment has ...

Including:

Forest - Classification Forest - Forest management
Forest - General Forest - Activities related to forest Forest - Forests by country Forest - Lists

Read more here: » Forest: Encyclopedia - Forest

Animal worship is an ill-defined term, covering facts ranging from the worship of the real divine animal, commonly conceived as a "god-body," at one end of the scale, to respect for the bones of a slain animal or even the use of a respectful name for the living animal at the other end. Added to this, in many works on the subject we find reliance placed, especially for the African facts, on reports of travellers who were merely visitors to the regions on which they wrote. Animal cults may be classified in two ways: ...

Including:

Animal worship - Classification by outward form Animal worship - Classification by inward meaning
Animal worship - Pastoral cults Animal worship - Hunting cults Animal worship - Dangerous or noxious animals Animal worship - Animals regarded as human souls or their embodiment Animal worship - Totemistic cults Animal worship - Cults of secret societies and individual cults of tutelary animals Animal worship - Cults of tree and vegetation spirits Animal worship - Cults of ominous animals Animal worship - Cults probably derivative of animals associated with certain deities Animal worship - Cults of animals used in magic
Animal worship - Animal Cults
Animal worship - Bear Animal worship - Bison and Cattle Animal worship - Crow/Raven Animal worship - Dog Animal worship - Elephant Animal worship - Fish Animal worship - Goat Animal worship - Hawk Animal worship - Horse Animal worship - Leopard Animal worship - Lion Animal worship - Lizard Animal worship - Mantis Animal worship - Monkey Animal worship - Rabbit Animal worship - Serpent Animal worship - Sheep Animal worship - Tiger Animal worship - Wolf

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Cladistics (Greek: klados = branch) is a branch of biology that determines the evolutionary relationships between living things based on derived similarity. It is the most prominent of several phylogenetic systematics, which study the evolutionary relationships of living things. Cladistics is a method of rigorous analysis, using "shared derived properties" (synapomorphies: see below) of the organisms being studied. Cladistic analysis forms the basis for most modern systems of biological classification, which seek to grou ...

Including:

Cladistics - Definitions Cladistics - Cladistic methods Cladistics - Cladistic classification

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Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. Modern classification has its roots in the system of Carolus Linnaeus, who grouped species according to shared physical characteristics. These groupings have been revised since Linnaeus to improve consistency with the Darwinian principle of common descent. Molecular systematics, which uses genomic DNA analysis, has driven many recent revisions and is likely to continue to do so. Scientific class ...

Including:

Scientific classification - Modern developments Scientific classification - Early systems
Scientific classification - Linnaeus
Scientific classification - Examples Scientific classification - Group suffixes

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Acanthocercus - Classification of genus Acanthocercus. Acanthocercus annectens Acanthocercus atricollis - Southern Tree Agama Acanthocercus cyanogaster Acanthocercus phillipsii Acanthocercus trachypleurus Acanthocercus yemensis Acanthocercus zonurus Category: Agamas ...

Including:

Acanthocercus - Classification of genus Acanthocercus

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This article is about woody plants of the genus Populus. The "yellow poplar" or "tulip poplar" is not a poplar, but is the Tulip-tree. For the place see Poplar, London. Sect. Populus Sect. Aegiros Sect. Tacamahaca Sect. Leucoides Sect. Turanga Populus is a genus of trees which includes the cottonwoods, poplars, and aspens, all of which are sometimes te ...

Including:

Poplar - Classification

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In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. As the word "binomial" suggests, the scientific name of a species is formed by the combination of two terms: the genus name and the species descriptor. Although the fine detail will differ, there are certain aspects which are universally adopted: Scientific names are usually printed in italics, such as Homo sapiens. When handwritten they should be underlined. The first term (genus name / generic name) is always capitali ...

Including:

Binomial nomenclature - History Binomial nomenclature - Value of binomial nomenclature Binomial nomenclature - Nomenclature Codes Binomial nomenclature - Derivation of names Binomial nomenclature - Binomenal nomenclature

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Archaeopteris is an extinct genus of tree-like ferns that many scientists believe to be the first tree. A useful index fossil, this tree is found in strata dating from the Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous. Fossils are found in Europe, North America, and Morocco in North Africa. Some specimines have also been reported from Australia. Many scientists consider Archaeopteris to be the earliest known modern tree, with buds, reinforced branch joints, and branched trunks similar to today's timber. The genus Archa ...

Including:

Archaeopteris - Anatomy Archaeopteris - Other modern adaptations Archaeopteris - Habitat Archaeopteris - Relationship to conifers Archaeopteris - Discovery and classification

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About 30; see text Tilia is a genus of about 30 species of trees, native throughout most of the temperate Northern Hemisphere, in Asia (where the greatest species diversity is found), Europe and eastern North America; it is absent from western North America. Under the old Cronquist classification system, this genus was placed in the family Tiliaceae, but genetic research by the APG has resulted in the inco ...

Including:

Tilia - Uses

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The Archonta are a group of mammals considered a superorder in some classifications. The Archonta consist of the following orders : Primates Plesiadapiformes (extinct - primate-like archonts) Scandentia (tree shrews) Dermoptera (colugos) Chiroptera (bats) Genetic analysis has suggested that the bats are not as closely related to the other groups as previously suspected. A revised category, Euarchonta, excluding bats, has been proposed. ...

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The Urticales are an order of dicotyledons in the Cronquist system of classification for flowering plants, including the following families: Barbeyaceae Cannabaceae (hemp family) Cecropiaceae (now included within the Urticaceae) Moraceae (mulberry family) Physenaceae Ulmaceae (elm family) Urticaceae (nettle family) These range from small herbaceous plants to large trees, blooming from the late spring to early fall. The Urticales were placed within the sub ...

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Many species; see text and classification Birch is the name of any tree of the genus Betula, in the family Betulaceae, closely related to the beech/oak family, Fagaceae. These are generally small to medium-size trees or shrubs, mostly of northern temperate climates. The simple leaves may be toothed or lobed. The fruit is a small samara, although the wings may be obscure in some species. They differ from the alders (Alnus, the other genus in the family) in that the female catkins are not woody and disintegrate at maturity, falling apart to release the seeds, unli ...

Including:

Birch - Species
Birch - Uses

Read more here: » Birch: Encyclopedia - Birch

See text Araucaria is a genus of coniferous trees in the family Araucariaceae. There are 19 species in the genus, with a highly disjunct distribution in New Caledonia (where 13 species are endemic), Norfolk Island, eastern Australia, New Guinea, Argentina, Chile, and southern Brazil. Many if not all current populations are relictual and restricted. They are found in forest and maquis shrubland, with an affinity for exposed sites. These columnar trees are living fossils, dating back to early in the dinosaur age. Fossil records show that the genus also formerly occurred in the northern he ...

Including:

Araucaria - Classification & species list Araucaria - Uses
Araucaria - External link

Read more here: » Araucaria: Encyclopedia - Araucaria

A gemstone is a mineral, rock (as in lapis lazuli) or petrified material that when cut or faceted and polished is collectible or can be used in jewellery. Others are organic, such as amber (fossilised tree resin) and jet (a form of coal). Some beautiful gemstones are too soft or too fragile to be used in jewelry, for example, single-crystal rhodochrosite, but are exhibited in museums and are sought by collectors. Gemstone - Characteristics and classification. Gemstones are described by gemologists using tec ...

Including:

Gemstone - Characteristics and classification Gemstone - Value Gemstone - Factors Influencing Esteem Gemstone - Synthetic and artificial gemstones Gemstone - Gemstone list

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