Treaty of Brömsebro

Count Axel Gustafsson Oxenstierna ▶ (help·info) (June 16, 1583 – August 28, 1654), Lord High Chancellor of Sweden, was born at Fånö in Uplandia, and received his education with his brothers at the universities of Rostock, Jena and Wittenberg. On returning home in 1603 he took up an appointment as kammarjunker to King Charles IX of Sweden. In 1606 he undertook his first diplomatic mission, to Mecklenburg, gained appointment to the Privy Council ( ...

Including:

• Axel Oxenstierna - Chancellor
• Axel Oxenstierna - Thirty Years' War
• Axel Oxenstierna - Power behind the throne
• Axel Oxenstierna - Territorial gains for Sweden
• Axel Oxenstierna - Quotation

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Like other regions of the world, the usage and meaning of the term 'Scandinavia' can vary depending on defining criteria. Some or all of the following geopolitical entities may variously be considered peripherally Scandinavian, since they traditionally have had strong political, social, economic, linguistic and/or geographical ties with the three kingdoms: Finland (a sovereign republic sinc ...

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Scandinavia, Scandinavia - Greater Scandinavia Norden, Scandinavia - Etymology, Scandinavia - History, Scandinavia - Languages, Scandinavia - Politics, Scandinavia - Historical political structure

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He inspired the despairing Protestants both in Germany and Sweden with fresh hopes. He reorganised the government both at home and abroad. He united the estates of the four upper circles into a fresh league against the common foe (1634), in spite of the envious and foolish opposition of Saxony. By the patent of January 12, 1633 he had already gained the appointment of legate plenipotentiary of Sweden in Germany, with absolute control over all the territory already won by the Swedish arms. No Swedish subject, either before or after, ever held ...

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Axel Oxenstierna, Axel Oxenstierna - Chancellor, Axel Oxenstierna - Thirty Years' War, Axel Oxenstierna - Power behind the throne, Axel Oxenstierna - Territorial gains for Sweden, Axel Oxenstierna - Quotation

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History of Estonia - Creation of Estonian SSR. On June 16-17, 1940, the Soviet troops occupied the whole territory of Estonia and demanded a change to a new pro-Soviet puppet government. Similarly to the developments in neighboring Latvia and Lithuania, the occupation and change of government was then in the three countries followed by "parliamentary elections" where all but pro-Communist candidates were outlawed. The "parliament" so elected proclaimed Estonia a Socialist Republic on July 21, 1940 and unanimously ...

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History of Estonia, History of Estonia - Pre-history, History of Estonia - The Conquest, History of Estonia - The Middle Ages, History of Estonia - Swedish Period, History of Estonia - Part of Imperial Russia, History of Estonia - Independence, History of Estonia - Period of Soviet and German Occupation, History of Estonia - Creation of Estonian SSR, History of Estonia - German Occupation, History of Estonia - After World War II, History of Estonia - Regaining Independence, History of Estonia - Time line, History of Estonia - Prehistory, History of Estonia - Livonian Period, History of Estonia - Swedish period, History of Estonia - Russian Period, History of Estonia - Independent Estonia

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Provinces serve no administrative function in Sweden today. Instead, that function is served by the Counties of Sweden. However, the province of Halland is virtually coextensive with Halland County, though parts of the province belong to Västra Götaland County and Skåne County. Historically, Halland also included the Danish island of Anholt. Halland has a population of 287,558. Of these, 272,142 are counted among Halland County; 13,363 within Västra Götaland C ...

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Halland, Halland - County, Halland - History, Halland - Heraldry, Halland - Geography, Halland - Cities, Halland - Hundreds, Halland - Culture, Halland - Sights, Halland - Dukes of Halland, Halland - External link

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Jämtland was historically divided into one chartered city and several districts. Jämtland - Cities & Towns. Östersund (1786) Krokom Järpen Åre Hammarstrand Svenstavik Bräcke Strömsund Jämtland - Districts. Berg Court District Brunflo Court District See also:

Jämtland, Jämtland - County, Jämtland - History, Jämtland - Geography, Jämtland - Cities & Towns, Jämtland - Districts, Jämtland - Facts, Jämtland - Natives, Jämtland - Culture, Jämtland - Heraldry, Jämtland - Dukes of Jämtland

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Jämtland and Härjedalen were originally provinces of Norway, but in early 1645 they were both ceded by Denmark (who held Norway at the time) to Sweden by the Treaty of Brömsebro. The province of Härjedalen is named after a powerful Norseman who had to flee east from the Norwegian court of king Halfdan Svartes after killing one of the king's men (with a horn). Thereafter he was known as "Härjulf Hornbrytaren." For a time he entered the service of the Svea (Swedish today) king Anund, until he eloped with that king's sister, Helga, and tog ...

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Härjedalen, Härjedalen - County, Härjedalen - History, Härjedalen - Heraldry, Härjedalen - Geography, Härjedalen - Subdivisions

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Between 1561 and 1629 Sweden made conquests in the Eastern Baltic. All of them were lost in accordance with the Treaty of Nystad in 1721, which concluded the Great Northern War. Dominions of Sweden - Estonia. Estonia placed itself under Swedish rule in 1561 to receive protection from Russia and Poland as the Livonian Order lost their foothold in the Baltic provinces. Territorially it represented the northern part of present day Estonia.

Dominions of Sweden, Dominions of Sweden - Baltic Dominions, Dominions of Sweden - Estonia, Dominions of Sweden - Ingria, Dominions of Sweden - Riga, Dominions of Sweden - Livonia, Dominions of Sweden - Ösel, Dominions of Sweden - Scandinavian Dominion, Dominions of Sweden - Continental Dominions, Dominions of Sweden - Bremen and Verden, Dominions of Sweden - Pomerania, Dominions of Sweden - Wismar

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Denmark rose as a great military and merchant power in the 12th century. It had an interest to end the occasional Estonian and Couronian pirate attacks that threatened its Baltic trade. Danish fleets made attacks against Estonia in 1170, 1194, and 1197. In 1206 King Valdemar II and archbishop Andreas Sunonis made a raid to Ösel (Saaremaa) island. The islanders were forced to submit and the Danes built a fortress there, but they found no volunteers to man it. They burned it down themselves and left the island. However, they laid a claim to E ...

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Danish Estonia, Danish Estonia - Danish Estonia 1206 - 1346, Danish Estonia - Danish province of Ösel, Danish Estonia - Danish Governors of Estonia, Danish Estonia - Danish Governors of Ösel

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The earliest history of Visby is uncertain, but it is known to have been a centre of merchandice around 900 AD. In the 12th century the Visby Cathedral, dedicated to Saint Mary, was constructed. It was reshaped in the 13th century to its current appearance. Several other churches were also constructed in the ensuing centures. The city flourished thanks to the German Hanseatic League. The ringwall was likely begun in the 13th century. Around 1280 it was rebuilt to reach its current height, and getting the characteristic towers, although some towers were not constructed until the 15th century. The ...

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Visby, Visby - History, Visby - Sights, Visby - Gallery, Visby - Miscellaneous, Visby - Notable natives

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Early on Gotland became a commercial center and the town of Visby was the most important Hanseatic city in the Baltic Sea. The island had in late medieval time twenty things, each represented at the island-ting, called landsting, by its elected judge. New laws were decided at the landsting, which also took other decisions regarding the island as a whole. The city of Visby and rest of the island was governed separately and a civil war caused by conflicts between the German merchants in Visby and the trading peasants on the countryside ...

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Gotland, Gotland - Geography, Gotland - History, Gotland - Heraldry, Gotland - Culture, Gotland - Notable natives, Gotland - Dukes of Gotlandia

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Main article: History of Estonia According to archeological finds, the territory of Saaremaa has been inhabited for at least five thousand years. In old Scandinavian sagas, Saaremaa is called Eysysla which means exactly the same as the name of the island in Estonian: the district (land) of island. This is the origin of the island's name in German and Swedish, Ösel, and in Latin Osilia. The name Eysysla appears sometimes together with Adalsysla, 'the big land', perhaps 'Suuremaa' or 'Su ...

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Saaremaa, Saaremaa - History, Saaremaa - Transport to Saaremaa

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For current affairs see: Jämtland County Jämtland, makes up three quarters of, and is virtually comprised within the boundaries of Jämtland County. ...

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Jämtland, Jämtland - County, Jämtland - History, Jämtland - Geography, Jämtland - Cities & Towns, Jämtland - Districts, Jämtland - Facts, Jämtland - Natives, Jämtland - Culture, Jämtland - Heraldry, Jämtland - Dukes of Jämtland

Read more here: » Jämtland: Encyclopedia II - Jämtland - County

Despite the emergence of the Popular Front and the Supreme Soviet as a new lawmaking body, since 1989 the different segments of the indigenous Estonian population had been politically mobilized by different and competing actors. The Popular Front's proposal, to declare the independence of Estonia as a new, so-called "third republic" whose citizens would be all those living there at the moment found less and less support over time. A grassroots Estonian Citizens' Committees Movement launched in 1989 with the objective of registering al ...

See also:

History of Estonia, History of Estonia - Pre-history, History of Estonia - The Conquest, History of Estonia - The Middle Ages, History of Estonia - Swedish Period, History of Estonia - Part of Imperial Russia, History of Estonia - Independence, History of Estonia - Period of Soviet and German Occupation, History of Estonia - Creation of Estonian SSR, History of Estonia - German Occupation, History of Estonia - After World War II, History of Estonia - Regaining Independence, History of Estonia - Time line, History of Estonia - Prehistory, History of Estonia - Livonian Period, History of Estonia - Swedish period, History of Estonia - Russian Period, History of Estonia - Independent Estonia

Read more here: » History of Estonia: Encyclopedia II - History of Estonia - Regaining Independence

History of Estonia - Prehistory. 98 Roman historian Tacitus writes in the book Germania about aesti tribes, but it is not clear if he is talking about the linguistic ancestors of modern Estonians. 6th century : The Guta Saga tells how vikings from Gotland sailed to Dagaithi island (Hiiumaa) and built a fortification there. 600 King Ingvar of Sweden invaded Estonia and was killed at the place called Stein and was buried in region of ...

See also:

History of Estonia, History of Estonia - Pre-history, History of Estonia - The Conquest, History of Estonia - The Middle Ages, History of Estonia - Swedish Period, History of Estonia - Part of Imperial Russia, History of Estonia - Independence, History of Estonia - Period of Soviet and German Occupation, History of Estonia - Creation of Estonian SSR, History of Estonia - German Occupation, History of Estonia - After World War II, History of Estonia - Regaining Independence, History of Estonia - Time line, History of Estonia - Prehistory, History of Estonia - Livonian Period, History of Estonia - Swedish period, History of Estonia - Russian Period, History of Estonia - Independent Estonia

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For current affairs see: Jämtland County Jämtland makes up three quarters of Jämtland County, and is almost entirely contained within its boundaries. ...

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Jämtland, Jämtland - County, Jämtland - History, Jämtland - Geography, Jämtland - Cities & Towns, Jämtland - Districts, Jämtland - Facts, Jämtland - Natives, Jämtland - Culture, Jämtland - Heraldry, Jämtland - Dukes of Jämtland

Read more here: » Jämtland: Encyclopedia II - Jämtland - County

The Scandinavians were christianized in the 10th-13th centuries, resulting in three consolidated kingdoms. Denmark forged from the Lands of Denmark (including Blekinge, Gotland, Halland and Skåne in modern-day Sweden) Sweden forged from the Lands of Sweden Norway (including Båhuslen, Herjedalen, Jemtland in modern-day Sweden. Also Iceland, Greenland, Faroe Islands, Shetland and the Orkneys) The three kingdoms then united in the Kalmar Union lasting all of the 15th century when the Union was spli ...

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Scandinavia, Scandinavia - Greater Scandinavia Norden, Scandinavia - Etymology, Scandinavia - History, Scandinavia - Languages, Scandinavia - Politics, Scandinavia - Historical political structure

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Some affectionately call Visby the "city of roses and ruins" and natives to the island often just say "town". Whether it lives up to that distinction among other old Swedish cities is debatable. In August the tourist season is at its peak. In week 32 from Sunday to Sunday the annual Medieval Week (Medeltidsveckan) is held. During this time regularly dressed tourists are outnumbered by people dressed in Medieval costumes. The festival started in 1984. There are a variety of events: music, jesters, theater, a medieval market, jousting tournaments and much more. See the exte ...

See also:

Visby, Visby - History, Visby - Sights, Visby - Gallery, Visby - Miscellaneous, Visby - Notable natives

Read more here: » Visby: Encyclopedia II - Visby - Sights

The etymology for the names Scandinavia and Skåne (Scania) is considered to be the same. The name is most probably derived from the Germanic *Skaðin- meaning "danger" (cf. English scathing and unscathed, and German Schade and beschädigen) and *awjo meaning "island". It may have referred to the dangerous banks around Skanör (skan- is the same as in Scandinavia, and -ör means "sandbanks") and Falsterbo in Skåne in southernmost Sweden. Alternatively, the first element is sometimes attributed to the Scandinav ...

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Scandinavia, Scandinavia - Greater Scandinavia Norden, Scandinavia - Etymology, Scandinavia - History, Scandinavia - Languages, Scandinavia - Politics, Scandinavia - Historical political structure

Read more here: » Scandinavia: Encyclopedia II - Scandinavia - Etymology

Jämthund is a canine breed, named after the province. Since the end of the last ice age, Jämthunds have been friends and helpers of man. Even if it is not explicitly stated, popular perception holds that the dog depicted in the coat of arms is of the breed. According to legend it is believed that Storsjön, literally The Large Lake, harbours a large sea creature or "monster". There are witness reports but, not unlike the Loch Ness monster, this remains to be established conclusively. Regardless of any proven exi ...

See also:

Jämtland, Jämtland - County, Jämtland - History, Jämtland - Geography, Jämtland - Cities & Towns, Jämtland - Districts, Jämtland - Facts, Jämtland - Natives, Jämtland - Culture, Jämtland - Heraldry, Jämtland - Dukes of Jämtland

Read more here: » Jämtland: Encyclopedia II - Jämtland - Culture