YRT has 275 buses (as of January 2006); 145 buses are operated by Miller Transit Ltd. in Markham/Richmond Hill, 84 buses operated by Tokmakjian (Can-Ar) Inc. in Vaughan, and 46 buses operated by Laidlaw Transit Ltd. in Newmarket. General Motors T6H-4523N (2006, 7526) General Motors TC40-102N (8301-8304) Motor Coach Industries TC40102N (2044-2047) Motor Coach Industries TC40102A (2048-2052) New Flyer Industries D40HF (2068-2072, 8911-8924) New Flyer Industries D40LF (311-335, 401-408, ...

See also:

York Region Transit, York Region Transit - Overview, York Region Transit - Routes, York Region Transit - History, York Region Transit - Zones, York Region Transit - Buses, York Region Transit - Bus rapid transit, York Region Transit - Fares, York Region Transit - Roster

Read more here: » York Region Transit: Encyclopedia II - York Region Transit - Roster

In larger metropolitan areas the underground system may extend only to the limits of the central city, or to its inner ring of suburbs, with trains making relatively frequent station stops. The outer suburbs may then be reached by a separate commuter, suburban or regional rail network, where more widely spaced stations allow a higher speed. These trains are often more expensive and less frequent, sometimes operating only in rush hours, and sometimes, for political reasons, they are operated by a separate authority that tends not to co-op ...

See also:

Rapid transit, Rapid transit - Characteristics and nomenclature, Rapid transit - Extent, Rapid transit - Importance functions and station design, Rapid transit - Technology, Rapid transit - History, Rapid transit - Finance, Rapid transit - Similarities to light rail

Read more here: » Rapid transit: Encyclopedia II - Rapid transit - Extent

The 2750-foot (850-m) Cobble Hill Tunnel in Brooklyn, New York (now part of New York City) is claimed to be the "world's oldest subway tunnel". This was formed in 1850 when an open cut on the Brooklyn and Jamaica Railroad in the middle of Atlantic Avenue was bricked over to form a tunnel. The company was later taken over by the Long Island Rail Road, but the tunnel was closed in 1861. This tunnel was not a true subway, as it had no stations and was used for lo ...

See also:

Rapid transit, Rapid transit - Characteristics and nomenclature, Rapid transit - Extent, Rapid transit - Importance functions and station design, Rapid transit - Technology, Rapid transit - History, Rapid transit - Finance, Rapid transit - Similarities to light rail

Read more here: » Rapid transit: Encyclopedia II - Rapid transit - History

Many early urban railways were originally constructed by private enterprise, either independently as in London, or under a government franchise as in Paris. Later, direct government control and ownership became the norm as corporations found it difficult to maintain profitability, although in recent years, this trend has been reversed to some extent with moves towards public-private partnership. Whatever its original financing, any metro system requires ongoing expenditure to maintain and replace its trains, tracks, tunnels, and other ...

See also:

Rapid transit, Rapid transit - Characteristics and nomenclature, Rapid transit - Extent, Rapid transit - Importance functions and station design, Rapid transit - Technology, Rapid transit - History, Rapid transit - Finance, Rapid transit - Similarities to light rail

Read more here: » Rapid transit: Encyclopedia II - Rapid transit - Finance

In larger metropolitan areas the underground system may extend only to the limits of the central city, or to its inner ring of suburbs, with trains making relatively frequent station stops. The outer suburbs may then be reached by a separate commuter, suburban or regional rail network, where more widely spaced stations allow a higher speed. These trains are often more expensive and less frequent, sometimes operating only in rush hours, and sometimes, for political reasons, they are operated by a separate authority that t ...

See also:

Rapid transit, Rapid transit - Characteristics and nomenclature, Rapid transit - Extent, Rapid transit - Importance functions and station design, Rapid transit - Technology, Rapid transit - History, Rapid transit - Finance, Rapid transit - Similarities to light rail

Read more here: » Rapid transit: Encyclopedia II - Rapid transit - Extent

Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in North America. The Table of Bus Rapid Transit Systems in North America holds more comprehensive information. Calgary, Alberta Calgary Transit Halifax, Nova Scotia Halifax MetroLink Mississauga, Ontario Mississauga Transit Montreal, Quebec STM BRT R-BUS 505 Pie-IX Ottawa, Ontario OC Transpo Transitway Vancouver, British Columbia B-Line Waterloo Region, Ontario iXpr ...

See also:

Bus rapid transit, Bus rapid transit - Etymology, Bus rapid transit - What makes a BRT, Bus rapid transit - Arguments in favour of BRT, Bus rapid transit - Arguments against BRT, Bus rapid transit - BRT in metro tunnels, Bus rapid transit - Comparison with other forms of mass transit, Bus rapid transit - Controversies, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in the United States, Bus rapid transit - Development, Bus rapid transit - Perception, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in South America, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in Europe, Bus rapid transit - List of Bus Rapid Transit Systems, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in North America, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in South America, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Asia, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in New Zealand, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Australia, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Europe, Bus rapid transit - Critical of BRT, Bus rapid transit - From lightrailnow.org, Bus rapid transit - From other sources

Read more here: » Bus rapid transit: Encyclopedia II - Bus rapid transit - List of Bus Rapid Transit Systems

On May 25, 1981, Calgary Transit became one of the first transit systems in North America to operate a light rail system - the C-Train, on which construction had begun in 1978. The original line (referred to internally as the A Line, and externally as Route 201) ran from Anderson Station (just north of Anderson Road in the south end of the city) to Downtown Calgary. In 1985, a northeastern-bound line (B-Line / Route 202) was opened, running from downtown to Whitehorn Station (just south of the intersection of McKnight Boulevard and 36 ...

See also:

Calgary Transit, Calgary Transit - History, Calgary Transit - The C-Train, Calgary Transit - BRT, Calgary Transit - Other information

Read more here: » Calgary Transit: Encyclopedia II - Calgary Transit - The C-Train

Most of the Toronto Transit Commission's staff are members of the Amalgamated Transit Union Local 113. Total membership (2005) is approximately 8,000 members. Unionized transit workers in Toronto began with: Amalgamated Association of Street Railway Employees of America in 1892 Division 30 of the Amalgamated Association of Street and Railway Employees of America in 1893 Division 113 Chartered - Amalgamated Association of Street Railway Employees of America in 1899 Amalgamated Association of Stre ...

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Toronto Transit Commission, Toronto Transit Commission - Overview, Toronto Transit Commission - History, Toronto Transit Commission - Past names, Toronto Transit Commission - Transit modes, Toronto Transit Commission - Subway/RT system 1954-present, Toronto Transit Commission - Streetcars 1861-present, Toronto Transit Commission - Buses 1921-present and trolley coaches 1922-1925 1947-1993, Toronto Transit Commission - Wheelchair-accessible services 1975-present, Toronto Transit Commission - Ferry service 1927-1962, Toronto Transit Commission - Operations and other information, Toronto Transit Commission - Fares, Toronto Transit Commission - Schedules and information, Toronto Transit Commission - Shelters, Toronto Transit Commission - Advertising, Toronto Transit Commission - Communications, Toronto Transit Commission - Safety systems, Toronto Transit Commission - Auctions, Toronto Transit Commission - Personnel, Toronto Transit Commission - Uniforms, Toronto Transit Commission - Honour Guards, Toronto Transit Commission - Special Constables

Read more here: » Toronto Transit Commission: Encyclopedia II - Toronto Transit Commission - Personnel

In 1960, the Dade County Commission passed an ordinance creating the Metropolitan Transit Authority (MTA) to unify the different transit operations into one countywide service. This ordinance provided for the purchase, development, and operation of an adequate mass transit system by the County. These companies included the Miami Transit Company, Miami Beach Railway Company, South Miami Coach Lines, and Keys Transit Company on Key Biscayne and would be managed by National City Management Company. Over the years and under various administratio ...

See also:

Miami-Dade Transit, Miami-Dade Transit - History, Miami-Dade Transit - Fares, Miami-Dade Transit - Metrobus, Miami-Dade Transit - South Miami-Dade Busway, Miami-Dade Transit - Metrorail, Miami-Dade Transit - Hours of Operation, Miami-Dade Transit - Train and track information, Miami-Dade Transit - Future plans, Miami-Dade Transit - Stations, Miami-Dade Transit - Metromover, Miami-Dade Transit - Hours, Miami-Dade Transit - Metromover Stations, Miami-Dade Transit - Paratransit STS, Miami-Dade Transit - Other projects

Read more here: » Miami-Dade Transit: Encyclopedia II - Miami-Dade Transit - History

Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in North America. The Table of Bus Rapid Transit Systems in North America holds more comprehensive information. Calgary, Alberta Calgary Transit Halifax, Nova Scotia Halifax MetroLink Mississauga, Ontario Mississauga Transit Montreal, Quebec STM BRT R-BUS 505 Pie-IX Ottawa, Ontario OC Transpo Transitway Vancouver, British Columbia B-Line Waterloo Region, Ontario iXpress (Grand Riv ...

See also:

Bus rapid transit, Bus rapid transit - Etymology, Bus rapid transit - What makes a BRT, Bus rapid transit - Arguments in favour of BRT, Bus rapid transit - Arguments against BRT, Bus rapid transit - BRT in metro tunnels, Bus rapid transit - Comparison with other forms of mass transit, Bus rapid transit - Controversies, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in the United States, Bus rapid transit - Development, Bus rapid transit - Perception, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in South America, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in Europe, Bus rapid transit - List of Bus Rapid Transit Systems, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in North America, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in South America, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Asia, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Australasia/Oceania, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Europe, Bus rapid transit - Critical of BRT, Bus rapid transit - From lightrailnow.org, Bus rapid transit - From other sources

Read more here: » Bus rapid transit: Encyclopedia II - Bus rapid transit - List of Bus Rapid Transit Systems

There are five stations served by KLIA Transit. They are (from north to south): KL Sentral, interchange with KLIA Ekspres,Kelana Jaya Line, KTM Komuter, KTM intercity trains and KL Monorail (100m walk) Bandar Tasik Selatan, interchange with Sri Petaling Line and KTM Komuter Cyberjaya/Putrajaya, interchange with the future Putrajaya monorail Salak Tinggi KLIA, interchange with KLIA Ekspres The KLIA Transit stations in KL Sentral and See also:

KLIA Transit, KLIA Transit - Using the KLIA Transit, KLIA Transit - History, KLIA Transit - The system

Read more here: » KLIA Transit: Encyclopedia II - KLIA Transit - Using the KLIA Transit

Privately operated transit services in Toronto began in 1849. In later years, a few routes were operated by the city, but it was 1921 when the city took over all routes and formed the Toronto Transportation Commission to operate them. During this period service was mainly provided by streetcars. In 1954, the TTC adopted its present name, opened its first subway line, and greatly expanded its service area to cover the newly formed municipality of Metropolitan Toronto (which eventually became the enlarged city of Toronto). The system ha ...

See also:

Toronto Transit Commission, Toronto Transit Commission - Overview, Toronto Transit Commission - History, Toronto Transit Commission - Past names, Toronto Transit Commission - Transit modes, Toronto Transit Commission - Subway/RT system 1954-present, Toronto Transit Commission - Streetcars 1861-present, Toronto Transit Commission - Buses 1921-present and trolley coaches 1922-1925 1947-1993, Toronto Transit Commission - Wheelchair-accessible services 1975-present, Toronto Transit Commission - Ferry service 1927-1962, Toronto Transit Commission - Operations and other information, Toronto Transit Commission - Fares, Toronto Transit Commission - Schedules and information, Toronto Transit Commission - Shelters, Toronto Transit Commission - Advertising, Toronto Transit Commission - Communications, Toronto Transit Commission - Safety systems, Toronto Transit Commission - Auctions, Toronto Transit Commission - Personnel, Toronto Transit Commission - Uniforms, Toronto Transit Commission - Honour Guards, Toronto Transit Commission - Special Constables

Read more here: » Toronto Transit Commission: Encyclopedia II - Toronto Transit Commission - History

BRT attempts to combine the advantages of a metro system (exclusive right-of-way to improve punctuality and frequency) with the advantages of a bus system (low construction and maintenance costs, does not require exclusive right-of-way for entire length). Compared to standard bus service BRT systems with dedicated right-of-way and thus an increased average transport speed can provide more passenger-miles with the same number of rolling stock and personnel. They also offer the ...

See also:

Bus rapid transit, Bus rapid transit - Etymology, Bus rapid transit - What makes a BRT, Bus rapid transit - Arguments in favour of BRT, Bus rapid transit - Arguments against BRT, Bus rapid transit - BRT in metro tunnels, Bus rapid transit - Comparison with other forms of mass transit, Bus rapid transit - Controversies, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in the United States, Bus rapid transit - Development, Bus rapid transit - Perception, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in South America, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in Europe, Bus rapid transit - List of Bus Rapid Transit Systems, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in North America, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in South America, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Asia, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in New Zealand, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Australia, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Europe, Bus rapid transit - Critical of BRT, Bus rapid transit - From lightrailnow.org, Bus rapid transit - From other sources

Read more here: » Bus rapid transit: Encyclopedia II - Bus rapid transit - Comparison with other forms of mass transit

Many early urban railways were originally constructed by private enterprise, either independently as in London, or under a government franchise as in Paris. Profitable suburban railways in Japan are among the oldest in the nation, and were built and operated privately and cheaply through what had been rural areas, now often dense urban areas. Later, direct government control and ownership became the norm worldwide as corporations found it difficult to maintain profitability, although in recent years, this trend has been reversed to some extent with moves towards public-private partnership, as in Japan's spinoff of the forme ...

See also:

Rapid transit, Rapid transit - Characteristics and nomenclature, Rapid transit - Extent, Rapid transit - Importance functions and station design, Rapid transit - Technology, Rapid transit - History, Rapid transit - Finance, Rapid transit - Similarities to light rail

Read more here: » Rapid transit: Encyclopedia II - Rapid transit - Finance

Proteins also possess a glass transition temperature below which both anharmonic motions and long-range correlated motion within a single molecule quenched. The origin of this transition is primarly due to "caging" by glassy water 1, but can also be modeled in the absence of explicit water molecules, suggesting that part of the transition is due to internal protein dynamics. 2 ...

See also:

Glass transition temperature, Glass transition temperature - Biophysics, Glass transition temperature - Glass transition temperature of some materials

Read more here: » Glass transition temperature: Encyclopedia II - Glass transition temperature - Biophysics

The transition involves 4 stages (Possibly 5). In stage one, a preindustrial society, death rates and birth rates are both high and oscillate rapidly according to natural events, such as drought and disease, to produce a relatively constant and young population. In stage two, that of a developing country, the death rates drop rapidly due to improvements in food supply and sanitation, which increase life spans and reduce disease. These changes usually come about due to improvements in farming techniques, access to techno ...

See also:

Demographic transition, Demographic transition - DTM Summary, Demographic transition - Stage Two in detail, Demographic transition - Stage Three in detail, Demographic transition - Stage Five?, Demographic transition - Source

Read more here: » Demographic transition: Encyclopedia II - Demographic transition - DTM Summary

Compared to Group II elements such as calcium, transition elements form ions with a wide variety of oxidation states. The transition metals show such a range of oxidation states because their partially filled d orbitals can accept or donate electrons in chemical reactions. Calcium ions typically do not lose more than two electrons, whereas transition metals can lose up to nine. The reason for this can be obtained by studying the ionisation enthalpies of both groups. The energies required to remove electrons from calcium are low until you try ...

See also:

Transition metal, Transition metal - The 40 transition metals, Transition metal - Electronic configuration, Transition metal - Properties, Transition metal - Variable oxidation states, Transition metal - Catalytic activity, Transition metal - Colored compounds

Read more here: » Transition metal: Encyclopedia II - Transition metal - Variable oxidation states

BRT attempts to combine the advantages of a metro system (exclusive right-of-way to improve punctuality and frequency) with the advantages of a bus system (low construction and maintenance costs, does not require exclusive right-of-way for entire length). Compared to standard bus service BRT systems with dedicated right-of-way and thus an increased average transport speed can provide more passenger-miles with the same number of rolling stock and personnel. They also offer the ...

See also:

Bus rapid transit, Bus rapid transit - Etymology, Bus rapid transit - What makes a BRT, Bus rapid transit - Arguments in favour of BRT, Bus rapid transit - Arguments against BRT, Bus rapid transit - BRT in metro tunnels, Bus rapid transit - Comparison with other forms of mass transit, Bus rapid transit - Controversies, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in the United States, Bus rapid transit - Development, Bus rapid transit - Perception, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in South America, Bus rapid transit - Implementation in Europe, Bus rapid transit - List of Bus Rapid Transit Systems, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in North America, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in South America, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Asia, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Australasia/Oceania, Bus rapid transit - BRT systems in Europe, Bus rapid transit - Critical of BRT, Bus rapid transit - From lightrailnow.org, Bus rapid transit - From other sources

Read more here: » Bus rapid transit: Encyclopedia II - Bus rapid transit - Comparison with other forms of mass transit

The Minbari civil war is finally over. Neroon sacrifices himself to save Delenn, and makes a deathbed conversion to the religious caste. Delenn reinstates the Grey Council, but this time the worker caste dominates the council. Five worker caste members hold seats on the council, with two each from the warrior and religious caste. John Sheridan learns that forces loyal to President Morgan Clark have been engaged in illegal attacks on civilian targets. He decides the time has come to take direct actio ...

See also:

Moments of Transition, Moments of Transition - Plot synopsis, Moments of Transition - Arc significance, Moments of Transition - Production details, Moments of Transition - Trivia, Moments of Transition - External link

Read more here: » Moments of Transition: Encyclopedia II - Moments of Transition - Arc significance

This stage leads to an increase in population and rapid fall in death rates. The changes leading to this stage in Europe were initiated in the Agricultural Revolution of the 18th century. Countries in this stage include Nigeria, Kenya and Bangladesh. The decline in the death rate is due initially to two factors: First, improvements in the food supply brought about by higher yields in agricultural practices prevent death due to starvation. These improvements in agricultural productivity included crop rotation, selective breeding, ...

See also:

Demographic transition, Demographic transition - DTM Summary, Demographic transition - Stage Two in detail, Demographic transition - Stage Three in detail, Demographic transition - Stage Five?, Demographic transition - Source

Read more here: » Demographic transition: Encyclopedia II - Demographic transition - Stage Two in detail

Stage Three moves the population towards stability through a decline in the birth rate. In general, the decline in birth rates in developed countries began towards the end of the 19th century in northern Europe and followed the decline in death rates by several decades. Many countries are currently in this stage including India, Mexico and Brazil. There are several factors contributing to this eventual decline, although some of them remain speculative: In rural areas continued decline in childhood death means that at some point ...

See also:

Demographic transition, Demographic transition - DTM Summary, Demographic transition - Stage Two in detail, Demographic transition - Stage Three in detail, Demographic transition - Stage Five?, Demographic transition - Source

Read more here: » Demographic transition: Encyclopedia II - Demographic transition - Stage Three in detail

Monthly Ridership for Bus and Rail Notes - Rail ridership includes North East Line (NEL), Sengkang Light Rapid Transit (LRT) and Punggol Light Rapid Transit (LRT) rides. - Sengkang LRT and NEL commenced revenue service on 18 January 2003 and 20 June 2003 respectively. The Punggol LRT began service on 29 January 2005. ...

See also:

SBS Transit, SBS Transit - Operations, SBS Transit - Key Operating Statistics, SBS Transit - External link

Read more here: » SBS Transit: Encyclopedia II - SBS Transit - Key Operating Statistics