Trafficking in human beings

Due to the illegal nature of trafficking, the exact extent is unknown. A US Government report published in 2003 estimates that between 800,000 and 900,000 people worldwide are trafficked across borders each year, the majority in South East Asia, Japan and Europe. This figure does not include those who are trafficked internally. [1] Up to 20,000 people are trafficked into the United States each year. Trafficking in people is increasing in Africa, South Asia and into North America. Between 80% and 90% of victims trafficked across international ...

See also:

Trafficking in human beings, Trafficking in human beings - Introduction, Trafficking in human beings - Extent, Trafficking in human beings - International law, Trafficking in human beings - Council of Europe, Trafficking in human beings - United States Law

Read more here: » Trafficking in human beings: Encyclopedia II - Trafficking in human beings - Extent

The suppression of the traffic in persons and of the exploitation of the prostitution of others resolution declares that the enslavement of women and children subjected to prostitution is incompatible with the dignity and fundamental rights of the human person. It was approved by the UN General Assembly in 1949. The convention describes procedures for combating international traffic for the purpos ...

Read more here: » Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others: Encyclopedia - Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others

Slavery is a condition in which one person, known as a slave, is under the control of another. Slavery almost always occurs for the purpose of securing the labour of the slave. A specific form, known as chattel slavery, is defined by the absolute legal ownership of a person or persons, including the legal right to buy and sell them. Slavery - Definitions. The 1926 Slavery Convention described slavery as "...the status or condition of a person over whom any or all of the powers attaching to the right ...

Including:

• Slavery - Definitions
• Slavery - Unfree labour
• Slavery - How do people become slaves?
• Slavery - History
• Slavery - Europe and the Mediterranean
• Slavery - Slavery in the Ottoman Empire and the Middle East
• Slavery - Slavery in Africa
• Slavery - Slavery in the Americas
• Slavery - Slavery in Asia
• Slavery - Abolitionist movements
• Slavery - Apologies
• Slavery - Reparations
• Slavery - Economics of slavery
• Slavery - Potential for total abolition
• Slavery - Famous slaves and former slaves
• Slavery - Films
• Slavery - Media

Read more here: » Slavery: Encyclopedia - Slavery

Comfort women is a euphemism for women who were forced to work as sex slaves in military brothels in Japanese-occupied countries during World War II. In the Japanese language, ianfu (慰安婦, comfort women) is a term coined by Asahi Shinbun in the 1980s to refer to these wartime prostitutes. jūgun-ianfu (従軍慰安婦, "military comfort women"), those who served in Japanese military brothels during World War II in Japanese colonies and war zones, was also used, but is seen infrequently these days. (The word ian means 'comfort' in the sense of 'comfort someone for their arduous duties ...

Including:

• Comfort women - Brothels as part of Japanese military policy
• Comfort women - Responsibility and compensation
• Comfort women - The ongoing debate over comfort women
• Comfort women - Military brothels human trafficking and sexual slavery in context
• Comfort women - United States
• Comfort women - Vietnamese and Viet Cong in Vietnam
• Comfort women - United Nations Peacekeeping Forces
• Comfort women - NATO

Read more here: » Comfort women: Encyclopedia - Comfort women

Unfree labour is a generic or collective term for forms of work, especially in modern or early modern history, in which adults and/or children are employed against their will by the threat of destitution, detention, violence (including death), or other extreme hardship to themselves, or to members of their families. Many of these forms of work may be covered by the term forced labour, although this tends to imply forms based on violence. Unfree labour includes all forms of slavery. (Although serfdom is technically a form of unf ...

Including:

• Unfree labour - Payment for unfree labour
• Unfree labour - Unfree vs. free labour
• Unfree labour - Forms of unfree labour
• Unfree labour - Slavery
• Unfree labour - Bonded labour
• Unfree labour - Penal labour
• Unfree labour - Truck system
• Unfree labour - Serfs
• Unfree labour - Trafficking
• Unfree labour - The present situation

Read more here: » Unfree labour: Encyclopedia - Unfree labour

Sexual slavery - Forced prostitution. Forced prostitution is a form of sexual slavery that is often directed at immigrants to Western and Asian countries. Often the "owners" of these people will confiscate passports and/or money in order to make the women involved completely reliant on them. This practice, also known as sex trafficking or human trafficking is illegal in most countries. Human trafficking is not the same as people smuggling. A smuggler will facilitate illegal entry into a count ...

See also:

Sexual slavery, Sexual slavery - Modern-day sexual slavery, Sexual slavery - Forced prostitution, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in Africa, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in the Middle East, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in the past, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in North America, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in Japan during World War II, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in Japan post World War II, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in Korea, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in the Middle East, Sexual slavery - External references, Sexual slavery - Quality Organizations

Read more here: » Sexual slavery: Encyclopedia II - Sexual slavery - Modern-day sexual slavery

Popular national destinations for sex tourists include The Netherlands, Brazil, Dominican Republic, Costa Rica, Cuba, and several countries in Southeast Asia (including the Philippines, Thailand, and Cambodia.) Since the collapse of the Iron Curtain, Russia, Hungary and the Czech Republic have also become popular destinations for sex tourists. In many of those destinations, sex tourism is still only a small percentage of overall prostituti ...

See also:

Sex tourism, Sex tourism - Motivation, Sex tourism - Destinations, Sex tourism - Tourism involving sex with minors, Sex tourism - Legal issues in the United States, Sex tourism - Terms used for sex tourists

Read more here: » Sex tourism: Encyclopedia II - Sex tourism - Destinations

People immigrate for the following reasons: economic (e.g, to escape poverty) professional, (e.g, to find employment; to search for an occupation that is unavailable) political, (e.g, to escape dictatorship or other unfair governments; disagrees over government) persecution and oppression, including genocide and ethnic cleansing retirement (e.g., better weather; lower living costs). sentimental (e.g., the desire to settle in a country due to personal preference; family reunification). ...

See also:

Immigration, Immigration - Why do people immigrate?, Immigration - Differing perspectives on immigration, Immigration - General immigration topics, Immigration - Australian immigration, Immigration - Canadian immigration, Immigration - United Kingdom immigration, Immigration - United States immigration, Immigration - French immigration, Immigration - Legal instruments

Read more here: » Immigration: Encyclopedia II - Immigration - Why do people immigrate?

People immigrate for the following reasons: economic professional, political, persecution and oppression, including genocide and ethnic cleansing retirement (e.g., better weather; lower living costs). sentimental (e.g., the desire to settle in a country due to personal preference; family reunification). personal (e.g., opinion-based; love of another country)) The great majority of immigration occurs for economic reasons of one sort or another. Wage rates and liv ...

See also:

Immigration, Immigration - Why do people immigrate?, Immigration - Differing perspectives on immigration, Immigration - General immigration topics, Immigration - Australian immigration, Immigration - Canadian immigration, Immigration - United Kingdom immigration, Immigration - United States immigration, Immigration - French immigration, Immigration - Legal instruments

Read more here: » Immigration: Encyclopedia II - Immigration - Why do people immigrate?

Slavery - Europe and the Mediterranean. See also: Slavery in the ancient Mediterranean; Slavery in Abrahamic religions. Slavery in the ancient Mediterranean cultures and the Islamic Caliphate was a mixture of debt-slavery, marriage, slavery as a punishment for crime, and the enslavement of prisoners of war. Main articles: Slavery in medieval Europe, See also:

Slavery, Slavery - Definitions, Slavery - Unfree labour, Slavery - How do people become slaves?, Slavery - History, Slavery - Europe and the Mediterranean, Slavery - Slavery in the Ottoman Empire and the Middle East, Slavery - Slavery in Africa, Slavery - Slavery in the Americas, Slavery - Slavery in Asia, Slavery - Abolitionist movements, Slavery - Apologies, Slavery - Reparations, Slavery - Economics of slavery, Slavery - Potential for total abolition, Slavery - Famous slaves and former slaves, Slavery - Films, Slavery - Media

Read more here: » Slavery: Encyclopedia II - Slavery - History

Unfree labour - Slavery. Main article: slavery. The archetypal and best-known form of unfree labour is chattel slavery, in which individual workers are legally owned throughout their lives, and may be bought, sold or otherwise exchanged by owners, while never or rarely receiving any personal benefit from their labour. Slavery was common in many ancient societies, including ancient Greece, ancient Rome, ancient Israel, ancient China, as well as many societies in Africa and the Americas. Being ...

See also:

Unfree labour, Unfree labour - Payment for unfree labour, Unfree labour - Unfree vs. free labour, Unfree labour - Forms of unfree labour, Unfree labour - Slavery, Unfree labour - Bonded labour, Unfree labour - Penal labour, Unfree labour - Truck system, Unfree labour - Serfs, Unfree labour - Trafficking, Unfree labour - The present situation

Read more here: » Unfree labour: Encyclopedia II - Unfree labour - Forms of unfree labour

Sweatshop - The free-market defense. Those who defend the practice of moving production to low-wage facilities overseas point to a lower standard of living as an explanation for the low wages, and argue that their operations benefit the community by providing needed jobs. These defenders often point out that the choice isn't between high-paid and low-paid work, but between low-paid work or unemployment. In response to voluntary efforts to raise wages in sweatshops such as the Fair Olympics movement, some people a ...

See also:

Sweatshop, Sweatshop - History, Sweatshop - Anatomy, Sweatshop - Ethics, Sweatshop - The free-market defense, Sweatshop - The non-intervention defense, Sweatshop - Anti-sweatshop movement, Sweatshop - Pro-sweatshop movement, Sweatshop - Results

Read more here: » Sweatshop: Encyclopedia II - Sweatshop - Ethics

Sexual slavery - Forced prostitution. Forced prostitution is a form of sexual slavery that is often directed at immigrants to Western and Asian countries. Often the "owners" of these people will confiscate passports and/or money in order to make the women involved completely reliant on them. This practice, also known as sex trafficking or human trafficking is illegal in most countries. Human trafficking is not the same as people smuggling. A smuggler will facilitate illegal entry into a count ...

See also:

Sexual slavery, Sexual slavery - Modern-day sexual slavery, Sexual slavery - Forced prostitution, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in Africa, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in the Middle East, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in the past, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in North America, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in East and Southeast Asia during World War II, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in Japan post World War II, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in Korea, Sexual slavery - Sexual slavery in the Middle East, Sexual slavery - External references, Sexual slavery - Quality Organizations

Read more here: » Sexual slavery: Encyclopedia II - Sexual slavery - Modern-day sexual slavery

Slavery - Europe and the Mediterranean. Main article: Slavery in the ancient Mediterranean See also: Slavery in Abrahamic religions. Slavery in the ancient Mediterranean cultures, including Greece and Rome, and the Islamic Caliphate was a mixture of debt-slavery, marriage, slavery as a punishment for crime, the enslavement of prisoners of war, and the birth of slave children to slaves. Main article: Slavery in medieval Europe For Christian views on sla ...

See also:

Slavery, Slavery - Definitions, Slavery - Unfree labour, Slavery - How do people become slaves?, Slavery - History, Slavery - Europe and the Mediterranean, Slavery - Slavery in the Ottoman Empire and the Middle East, Slavery - Slavery in Africa, Slavery - Slavery in the Americas, Slavery - Slavery in Asia, Slavery - Abolitionist movements, Slavery - Apologies, Slavery - Reparations, Slavery - Economics of slavery, Slavery - Potential for total abolition, Slavery - Famous slaves and former slaves, Slavery - Films, Slavery - Media

Read more here: » Slavery: Encyclopedia II - Slavery - History

People immigrate for the following reasons: economic (e.g, to escape poverty) professional (e.g, to find employment; to search for an occupation that is unavailable) political (e.g, to escape dictatorship or other unfair governments; disagrees over government) persecution and oppression, including genocide, ethnic cleansing, and bullying retirement (e.g., better weather; lower living costs). sentimental (e.g., the desire to settle in a country due to personal preference; family reunif ...

See also:

Immigration, Immigration - Why do people immigrate?, Immigration - Differing perspectives on immigration, Immigration - General immigration topics, Immigration - Australian immigration, Immigration - Canadian immigration, Immigration - United Kingdom immigration, Immigration - United States immigration, Immigration - French immigration, Immigration - Legal instruments

Read more here: » Immigration: Encyclopedia II - Immigration - Why do people immigrate?

According to Anti-Slavery International, "A person enters debt bondage when their labor is demanded as a means of repayment of a loan, or of money given in advance. Usually, people are tricked or trapped into working for no pay or very little pay (in return for such a loan), in conditions which violate their human rights. Invariably, the value of the work done by a bonded laborer is greater that the original sum of money borrowed or advanced." See also:

Debt bondage, Debt bondage - Historical background to bonded labor, Debt bondage - Historical peonage, Debt bondage - Historical examples, Debt bondage - Modern views, Debt bondage - At international law, Debt bondage - Modern example: prostitution, Debt bondage - Marxist analysis

Read more here: » Debt bondage: Encyclopedia II - Debt bondage - Modern views

Historical research into Japanese government records documents several reasons given for the establishment of military brothels. First, Japanese authorities hoped that by providing easily accessible prostitutes and sexual slaves, the morale and ultimately the military effectiveness of Japanese soldiers would be improved. Second, by institutionalizing brothels and placing them under official scrutiny, the government hoped to control the spread of STDs. Lastly, creating brothels in military bases dir ...

See also:

Comfort women, Comfort women - Brothels as part of Japanese military policy, Comfort women - Responsibility and compensation, Comfort women - The ongoing debate over comfort women, Comfort women - Military brothels human trafficking and sexual slavery in context, Comfort women - United States, Comfort women - Vietnamese and Viet Cong in Vietnam, Comfort women - United Nations Peacekeeping Forces, Comfort women - NATO

Read more here: » Comfort women: Encyclopedia II - Comfort women - Brothels as part of Japanese military policy

Slavery - Europe and the Mediterranean. Main article: Slavery in the ancient Mediterranean See also: Slavery in Abrahamic religions. Slavery in the ancient Mediterranean cultures, including Greece and Rome (and parts of the Roman Empire), and the Islamic Caliphate was a mixture of debt-slavery, marriage, slavery as a punishment for crime, the enslavement of prisoners of war, and the birth of slave children to slaves. Main article: Slavery in medieval Europe For Christian views on sla ...

See also:

Slavery, Slavery - Definitions, Slavery - Unfree labour, Slavery - How do people become slaves?, Slavery - History, Slavery - Europe and the Mediterranean, Slavery - Slavery in the Ottoman Empire and the Middle East, Slavery - Slavery in Africa, Slavery - Slavery in the Americas, Slavery - Slavery in Asia, Slavery - Abolitionist movements, Slavery - Apologies, Slavery - Reparations, Slavery - Economics of slavery, Slavery - Potential for total abolition, Slavery - Famous slaves and former slaves, Slavery - Films, Slavery - Media

Read more here: » Slavery: Encyclopedia II - Slavery - History

A term that sex tourists oftentimes use to describe themselves is "mongerers," and traveling for sex as "mongering." This apparently derives from the word "warmonger" or "whoremongerer." One term sometimes used for a sex tourist is "sexpat". Its derivation is from expat and did not originally refer to tourists per se, but rather those with similar motivations who have actually relocated to such a location, either as workers or as retirees. The word has ...

See also:

Sex tourism, Sex tourism - Motivation, Sex tourism - Destinations, Sex tourism - Tourism involving sex with minors, Sex tourism - Legal issues in the United States, Sex tourism - Terms used for sex tourists

Read more here: » Sex tourism: Encyclopedia II - Sex tourism - Terms used for sex tourists

Rape is a crime where the victim is forced into sexual activity, in particular sexual penetration, against his or her will. The word originates from the Latin rapere: to seize or take by force. The Latin term for the act of rape itself is raptus. Originally, the word rape was akin to rapine, rapture, raptor, and rapacious, and referred to the more general violations, such as looting, destruction, and capture of citizens that are inflicted upon a town or country during war, eg. th ...

Including:

• Rape - History
• Rape - Non-sexual usage of term
• Rape - Law
• Rape - Common law
• Rape - English law
• Rape - United States Uniform Crime Reports
• Rape - Types of rape
• Rape - Violent rape
• Rape - Statutory rape
• Rape - Acquaintance date rape
• Rape - Male rape
• Rape - Gang rape
• Rape - Some aspects of rape
• Rape - Drugging
• Rape - Custodial and prison rape
• Rape - Rape and sexual torture
• Rape - Sex trafficking
• Rape - Consent
• Rape - Victim blaming
• Rape - Sexual fantasy
• Rape - Effects of rape
• Rape - Medical emergency information
• Rape - RAINN
• Rape - Secondary Victimization
• Rape - Rape and punishment
• Rape - Punishment of assailants
• Rape - Punishment of victims
• Rape - Rape as punishment
• Rape - Rape and human rights
• Rape - Rapists
• Rape - Rapist profiles
• Rape - Warning signs
• Rape - Reporting
• Rape - Underreporting
• Rape - Overreporting and false reporting
• Rape - Sociobiological analysis of rape
• Rape - The role of control and loss of privacy in rape
• Rape - Quotes
• Rape - Books and publications
• Rape - Academic and reference books
• Rape - Others

Read more here: » Rape: Encyclopedia - Rape