Encyclopedia - Toxin: Encyclopedia - Toxin
A toxin (Gk. toxikon "(poison) for use on arrows,") is a poisonous substance produced by living cells or organisms. Toxins are nearly alw...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Botulin Toxin: Encyclopedia - Botulin Toxin
Botulin toxin, popularly sold under the brand name Botox®, is a potent neurotoxin that has found a variety of remarkable uses in modern ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Toxin: Encyclopedia Ii - Toxin - Use
Biotoxins are used in nature for two primary reasons: Predation (spider, snake, jellyfish, wasp) Defense (poison dart frog, deadly night...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Healthy Eating: Encyclopedia Ii - Healthy Eating - Toxins
Almost all foods contain tiny amounts of toxins. Normally these toxins do not pose a great danger to a healthy individual. This may be be...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Botulism: Encyclopedia - Botulism
Botulism (from Latin botulus, "sausage") is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin, botulin, that is produced by th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Urushiol: Encyclopedia - Urushiol
For specific information on prevention and treatment of urushiol poisoning, see Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis. Urushiol (you-ROO-sh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Allergen: Encyclopedia - Allergen
An allergen is any substance (antigen), most often eaten or inhaled, that is recognized by the immune system and causes an allergic react...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Clostridium Difficile: Encyclopedia - Clostridium Difficile
Clostridium difficile (pronunciation ▶ (help·info)) (also referred to as C. diff or C-diff) is a species of bacteria of the genus Clos...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison: Encyclopedia - Poison
In the context of biology, poisons are substances that cause injury, illness, or death to organisms, usually by chemical reaction or othe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hepatitis: Encyclopedia - Hepatitis
Hepatitis is a gastroenterological disease, featuring inflammation of the liver. The clinical signs and prognosis, as well as the therapy...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Deadly Nightshade: Encyclopedia - Deadly Nightshade
Deadly nightshade or belladonna (Atropa belladonna) is a well-known, hardy perennial shrub, a member of the nightshade family. It is nati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Antidote: Encyclopedia - Antidote
An antidote is a substance which can counteract a form of poisoning. Sometimes, the antidote for a particular toxin is manufactured by in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ciguatera: Encyclopedia - Ciguatera
Ciguatera is a foodborne illness poisoning in humans caused by eating marine species whose flesh is contaminated with a toxin known as ci...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Biological Agent: Encyclopedia - Biological Agent
A biological agent is an infectious disease, or toxin that can be used in bioterrorism or biological warfare. There are more than 1200 di...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Urushiol-induced Contact Dermatitis: Encyclopedia - Urushiol-induced Contact Dermatitis
Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis (also Toxicodendron dermatitis and Rhus dermatitis) is the medical name given to allergic rashes prod...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ear Candling: Encyclopedia - Ear Candling
Ear candling, also called ear coning, is a folk medicine practice intended to remove ear wax and toxins from a person's ear. It involves ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Botulin Toxin: Encyclopedia Ii - Botulin Toxin - History
The German physician and poet Justinus Kerner first developed the idea of a possible therapeutic use of botulinum toxin, which he called ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Toxin: Encyclopedia Ii - Toxin - Non-technical Usage
When used non-technically, the term "toxin" is often applied to any toxic substances. Toxic substances not of biological origin are more ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Botulin Toxin: Encyclopedia Ii - Botulin Toxin - Chemical Overview
Botulinum (botulinus) toxin is the toxic compound produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. The names Botox® and Dysport® are tr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Botulin Toxin: Encyclopedia Ii - Botulin Toxin - Chemical Warfare
Botulin toxin has always been considered an inferior agent for chemical warfare since it degrades rapidly on exposure to air, and therefo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Botulin Toxin: Encyclopedia Ii - Botulin Toxin - Chemical Warfare
Botulin toxin has always been considered an inferior agent for chemical warfare since it degrades rapidly on exposure to air, and therefo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Botulin Toxin: Encyclopedia Ii - Botulin Toxin - Chemical Overview
Botulinum (botulinus) toxin is the toxic compound produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. The names Botox® and Dysport® are tr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Botulin Toxin: Encyclopedia Ii - Botulin Toxin - Medical Uses
Researchers discovered in the 1950s that injecting overactive muscles with minute quantities of botulinum toxin type A decreased muscle a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Botulism: Encyclopedia Ii - Botulism - Botulinum Toxin
Botulinum toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine from nerve endings thus arresting their function. This toxin is unstable to heating, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Western Poison-oak: Encyclopedia Ii - Western Poison-oak - Toxin
Western Poison-oak leaves and twigs have a surface oil that is an irritant. Depending upon individual suceptability (85% of humans will d...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Richard Deth: Encyclopedia Ii - Richard Deth - Neurodevelopmental Toxins And Thimerosal
Deth's research has uncovered evidence thimerosal creates deficits in the D4 receptor-mediated phospholipids methylation essential for de...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Botulism: Encyclopedia Ii - Botulism - Treatment
The respiratory failure and paralysis that occur with severe botulism may require a patient to be on a breathing machine for weeks, plus ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Insecticide: Encyclopedia Ii - Insecticide - Classes Of Insecticides A Short History
A series of classes of insecticides have existed, as time progressed one class has largely replaced the one before it. These trends in th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Botulism: Encyclopedia Ii - Botulism - Infant Botulism
Infant botulism is the most common form of the ailment in the United States. The mode of action of this form is through actual infection ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Clostridium Difficile: Encyclopedia Ii - Clostridium Difficile - Diagnosis And Treatment
There has been debate about the emergence of a resistant strain: certain strains that express only the Toxin B are now present in many ho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Insecticide: Encyclopedia Ii - Insecticide - Environmental Effects
One of the bigger drivers in the development of new insecticides has been the desire to replace toxic and irksome insecticides. It is int...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Deadly Nightshade: Encyclopedia Ii - Deadly Nightshade - Uses
Deadly nightshade - Cosmetics. The name belladonna originates from the historic use by ladies (Bella Donna is Italian for beautiful lad...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Clostridium Difficile: Encyclopedia Ii - Clostridium Difficile - Role In Disease
With the introduction of broad-spectrum antibiotics in the latter half of the twentieth century, antibiotic-associated diarrhea became mo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Clostridium Difficile: Encyclopedia Ii - Clostridium Difficile - Bacteriology
Clostridium difficile - Characteristics. Clostridia are motile bacteria that are ubiquitous in nature and are especially prevalent in s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Clostridium Difficile: Encyclopedia Ii - Clostridium Difficile - Notable Outbreaks
On June 4, 2004, two outbreaks of a highly virulent strain of this bacterium were reported in Montreal, Quebec and Calgary, Alberta, in C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Foodborne Illness: Encyclopedia Ii - Foodborne Illness - Incubation Period
The delay between consumption of a contaminated food and appearance of the first symptoms of illness is called the incubation period. Thi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Clostridium Difficile: Encyclopedia Ii - Clostridium Difficile - Pharmacotherapy
Two antibiotics are effective against C. difficile. Metronidazole 250 mg orally four times daily is the drug of choice, because of superi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Richard Deth: Encyclopedia Ii - Richard Deth - Acceptance
Studies by Columbia University professor Dr. Mady Hornig and Deth were presented to the Institute of Medicine Committee for review at the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Foodborne Illness: Encyclopedia Ii - Foodborne Illness - Pathogenic Agents
An early theory on the causes of food poisoning involved ptomaines, alkaloids found in decaying animal and vegetable matter. While some p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Foodborne Illness: Encyclopedia Ii - Foodborne Illness - Outbreaks
The vast majority of reported cases of foodborne illness occur as individual or sporadic cases. In most cases these originate, and occur,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Foodborne Illness: Encyclopedia Ii - Foodborne Illness - Political Issues
Foodborne illness - United Kingdom. Since the 1970s, key changes in UK food safety law have taken place following serious outbreaks of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Parkinson's Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Parkinson's Disease - Diagnosis
Parkinson's disease - Differential diagnosis. The differential diagnosis for a patient presenting with Parkinsonian symptoms is: Idiop...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Parkinson's Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Parkinson's Disease - Diagnosis
Parkinson's disease - Differential diagnosis. The differential diagnosis for a patient presenting with Parkinsonian symptoms is: Idiop...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison - By Source
Poison - Non-radioactive inorganic poisons. Arsenic compounds arsenic trioxide Fowler's solution inorganic compounds phosgene ph...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Foodborne Illness: Encyclopedia Ii - Foodborne Illness - Statistics
There are every year about 76 million foodborne illnesses in the United States (26,000 cases for 100,000 inhabitants), 2 million in the U...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Insecticide: Encyclopedia Ii - Insecticide - Application Methods
Personal insecticide, commonly referred to as "bug spray", typically comes in a plastic bottle or aerosol can. Applied to clothing, arms,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Parkinson's Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Parkinson's Disease - Related Diseases
Parkinson's disease - Parkinson-Plus diseases. There are other disorders that are called Parkinson-Plus diseases. These include: Multi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison - By Mechanism
ICD-10 codes have been provided where available. Poison - Corrosives T54. Corrosives mechanically damage biological systems on contact....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Chemical Weapon Agents: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Chemical Weapon Agents - Incapacitating Agents
An incapacitating agent (sometimes riot-control agent) is a chemical compund that produces temporary physiological or mental effects, or ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison - Biological Poisoning
Contact or absorption of poisons can cause rapid death or impairment. Agents that act on the nervous system can paralyze in seconds or le...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison - Famous Poisonings
See also victims of poisoning Poison - Confirmed poisonings. Bhopal Disaster — An accidental release of poisonous gas from a pestici...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison - Poisons In Crime Fiction
This list is incomplete, given that poisoning is a frequent plot twist in crime fiction. Poison - Novels. Anthony Berkeley: The Poison...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Chemical Weapon Agents: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Chemical Weapon Agents - Blister Agents
A blister agent (or vesicant) is a chemical compound that causes severe skin, eye and mucosal pain and irritation. They are named for the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Parkinson's Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Parkinson's Disease - Symptoms
Parkinson's disease - Cardinal symptoms. Symptoms may vary among patients, and additionally may vary greatly over time in a single pati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Parkinson's Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Parkinson's Disease - Debate Over Causes
The cause of Parkinson's disease is not known (idiopathic). There are, however, many theories. Parkinson's disease - Genetic. Geneticis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Parkinson's Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Parkinson's Disease - Debate Over Causes: A Complex Etiology Is Probable
The cause of Parkinson's disease is not known (idiopathic). There are, however, many theories. Parkinson's disease - Genetic. Geneticis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fishing: Encyclopedia Ii - Fishing - Fishing Techniques
Fishing - Hand fishing. It is possible to fish with minimal equipment by using only the hands. In the USA catching catfish in this way ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison - Poisoning In Children
Poison - Background. Poisoning is the fourth most common cause of accidents in children. Children less than 5 years of age and adolesce...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Parkinson's Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Parkinson's Disease - Treatment
The treatment of Parkinson's disease mainly relies on replacing dopamine with levodopa (L-DOPA) or mimicking its action with dopamine ago...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Parkinson's Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Parkinson's Disease - Symptoms
Parkinson's disease - Cardinal symptoms. Symptoms may vary among patients, and additionally may vary greatly over time in a single pati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Parkinson's Disease: Encyclopedia Ii - Parkinson's Disease - Treatment
The treatment of Parkinson's disease mainly relies on replacing dopamine with levodopa (L-DOPA) or mimicking its action with dopamine ago...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Newcomb's Paradox: Encyclopedia Ii - Newcomb's Paradox - The Problem
A person is playing a game operated by a person somehow presented as being exceptionally skilled at predicting the actions of other peopl...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Sama: Ayurveda Ayurvedic Dictionary Ii On Sama
Sama:  with ama or toxins   (See also: Sama , Ayurveda, Ayurvedic Dictionary, Alternative Health, Body Mind and Soul) &nb...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Newcomb's Paradox: Encyclopedia Ii - Newcomb's Paradox - Thoughts On The Paradox
Some argue that Newcomb's Problem is a paradox because it leads logically to self contradiction. Reverse causation is defined into the pr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Poisonous Plants: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Poisonous Plants - Poisonous Ornamental Plants
List of poisonous plants - Notes. poinsettias are notable for not being poisonous despite persistent beliefs to the contrary. [1] ....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison Ivy: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison Ivy - Habitat And Range
Poison ivy grows vigorously throughout much of North America, but particularly in the American Midwest. It can grow as a shrub up to abou...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Deadly Nightshade: Encyclopedia Ii - Deadly Nightshade - Toxicity
Belladonna is one of the most toxic plants to be found in the Western hemisphere. Children have been poisoned by as few as three of the b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Deadly Nightshade: Encyclopedia Ii - Deadly Nightshade - Description
The plant has dull green leaves. The flowers are bell-shaped and are a dull, unremarkable shade of purple, which yield shiny black berrie...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison - Types Of Poisons
The majority of this section is sorted by ICD-10 code, which classifies poisons based upon the nature of the poison itself. However, it i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison Ivy: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison Ivy - How To Recognize Poison Ivy
The leaves are compound with three almond-shaped leaflets, giving rise to the mnemonic, "Leaflets three, let it be". The berries (actuall...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison - Biological Poisoning
Contact or absorption of poisons can cause rapid death or impairment. Agents that act on the nervous system can paralyze in seconds or le...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Body Cleansing: New Age Spirituality Dictionary On Body Cleansing
Body Cleansing A program of fasting and elimination of toxins to maintain body health.   (See also: Body Cleansing , New Age ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison - Poisoning In Children
Poison - Background. Poisoning is the fourth most common cause of accidents in children. Children less than 5 years of age and adolesce...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Transgenic Maize: Encyclopedia Ii - Transgenic Maize - Bt Corn
Bt corn is a variant of maize, genetically altered to express the bacterial Bt toxin, which is poisonous to insect pests. In the case of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hormesis: Encyclopedia Ii - Hormesis - Possible Explanation
The reason for the hormesis phenomenon is not completely understood. It is conjectured that a low dose challenge with a toxin may jump st...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fishing: Encyclopedia Ii - Fishing - Fishing In Antiquity
Fishing - Origins. Fishing is a very ancient practice that dates back at least to the Mesolithic period which began about 10,000 years ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fishing: Encyclopedia Ii - Fishing - Modern Fishing
Fishing - Recreational fishing. Main article: Angling. Recreational fishing and the closely related (nearly synonymous) sport fishing d...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fishing: Encyclopedia Ii - Fishing - Preservation
Fish packed in ice. Canned fish. A fish-drying rack. Hovden in Norway. Salting of fish in factory. Ancient methods of preserving fish inc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fishing: Encyclopedia Ii - Fishing - Fish Products
Fishing - Food. Fried fish & French fries (fish & chips). Crayfish and prawns. Korean style raw fish. Cooked mussels. The flesh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Fishing: Encyclopedia Ii - Fishing - Cultural References
Fishing is a widely used as a metaphor though as such it is possibly ambiguous. On the one hand, fishing with a net has nuances of gather...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Tissue Cleansing: Wiccan Pagan Dictionary On Tissue Cleansing
TISSUE CLEANSING - a program of fasting and elimination designed to remove accumulated toxins from the body. (NAD)   (See also:...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Body Cleansing: Wiccan Pagan Dictionary On Body Cleansing
BODY CLEANSING - a program of fasting and elimination of toxins to maintain body health. (NAD)   (See also: BODY CLEANSING , W...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Colonic: Holistic Treatment Dictionary On Colonic
Colonic: Irrigation of the colon for the purpose of cleansing trapped debris, which is believed to recycle toxins back into the system...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Sauna: Holistic Treatment Dictionary On Sauna
Sauna: Dry heat in a wooden room used to open the pores and eliminate toxins through sweat.   (See also: Sauna , Alternative H...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Urushiol-induced Contact Dermatitis: Encyclopedia Ii - Urushiol-induced Contact Dermatitis - First Aid
Immediately wash exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water. Folk wisdom includes contradictory advice about whether to wash with cold o...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Ama Visha: Spiritual Yoga Dictionary Iii On Ama Visha
Ama Visha: An especially harmful, disease-promoting type of ama that contains highly reactive toxins.   (See also: Ama Visha ,...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Kalaripayat: Alternative Health Dictionary On Kalaripayat
Kalaripayat: Form of Marma Chikitsa promoted by Joseph Kurian (see marma science). It eliminates toxins, overpowers blocks, and restor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Clostridium Difficile: Encyclopedia Ii - Clostridium Difficile - Cracking Of The Genetic Code Of The Quebec Strain
On December 14, 2005, researchers at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, led by Dr. Ken Dewar and Dr. Andre Dascal and in collaboratio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Urushiol-induced Contact Dermatitis: Encyclopedia Ii - Urushiol-induced Contact Dermatitis - Mechanism
Chemically, urushiol is harmless to humans, but when the chemical becomes bonded to skin cells it initiates a T-cell mediated immune resp...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Outer Healing: Alternative Health Dictionary On Outer Healing
outer healing: detoxification and Rebuilding through breathwork, diet, feng shui, Hands-on-Healing (see bodywork), herbs, Lymphatic Th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Urushiol-induced Contact Dermatitis: Encyclopedia Ii - Urushiol-induced Contact Dermatitis - Prevention
Common-sense measures to avoid skin irritation include avoiding contact with the plants, staying out of dense brush, wearing long clothes...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hemolytic-uremic Syndrome: Encyclopedia Ii - Hemolytic-uremic Syndrome - Signs And Symptoms
The classic case of HUS occurs after bloody diarrhea caused by E. coli O157:H7, a strain of E. coli that expresses verotoxin (also called...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plutonium: Encyclopedia Ii - Plutonium - Precautions
All isotopes and compounds of plutonium are toxic and radioactive. While plutonium is sometimes described in media reports as "the most t...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Detoxification: Alternative Medicine Dictionary On Detoxification
Detoxification: the process of eliminating the build-up of wastes and toxins from the body, often accomplished with fasting, adhering ...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Californien: Holistic Health Therapy Dictionary On Californien
Californien: Using essential oils in the massage helps with the fluidity of the movements. Its kneadings relaxs the muscles and untie ...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Colon Hydrotherapy: Holistic Health Dictionary I On Colon Hydrotherapy
COLON HYDROTHERAPY Purified water is gently introduced into the colon through sterilized tubes in order to flush out toxins, gas, accu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chloracne: Encyclopedia Ii - Chloracne - Etiology And Progression
Chloracne normally results from direct skin contact with chloracnegens, although ingestion and inhalation are also possible causative rou...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vaporizer: Encyclopedia Ii - Vaporizer - Scientific Evidence
A NORML-MAPS study published January 7, 2001 found that "it is possible to vaporize medically active THC by heating marijuana to a temper...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Poison Dart Frog: Encyclopedia Ii - Poison Dart Frog - Background
These frogs received their common name from the toxin (called pumiliotoxin) found in the skin of a few species, such as the most poisonou...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Paraffin Treatment: Holistic Treatment Dictionary On Paraffin Treatment
Paraffin Treatment: Melted paraffin is applied to the skin to trap heat, absorb toxins, and induce relaxation. After solidifying, it i...   » Read the article