Toruń

Arable land constitutes around 60 % of the total area of the region – most of which is ploughland (around 40 %), forests, meadows and pastures. Over 120 thousand farms are registered, the majority of which – around 50% - are small farms of the size of 1-5 ha and medium-sized farms of 5 – 10 ha. The small ones prefer intensive production (gardening, orcharding), whereas the large ones – cattle and crop production. The cattle-ra ...

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Podlasie Voivodship, Podlasie Voivodship - Major cities and towns, Podlasie Voivodship - Podlasie Voivodship counties, Podlasie Voivodship - Economy, Podlasie Voivodship - Agriculture, Podlasie Voivodship - Landscape assets, Podlasie Voivodship - Most popular surnames in the region, Podlasie Voivodship - Official seal of Podlasie Voivodship

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Geographical centre of Europe - Early measurements. In 1775 the Polish Astronomer Royal Szymon Antoni Sobiekrajski published a report in which he stated that the geographic centre of Europe was located at the town of Suchowola (now in the county (Polish: powiat) of Sokółka). The methodology he used was to calculate the four furthest points (the corners) of the continent and to ascertain where the lines crossed. The town of Suchowola, situated at 53°35′N 23°06′E, has a mon ...

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Geographical centre of Europe, Geographical centre of Europe - Historical measurements, Geographical centre of Europe - Early measurements, Geographical centre of Europe - German measurements, Geographical centre of Europe - Current measurements, Geographical centre of Europe - Poland, Geographical centre of Europe - Lithuania, Geographical centre of Europe - Geographic centre of the European Union

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The first known mention of the name "Gdynia" was of a Pomeranian (Kashubian) fishing village, in 1253. Oksywie, now part of Gdynia, was mentioned even earlier in 1209. It was there that the first church on the Polish coast was built. In 1380 the owner of the village which became Gdynia, Peter from Rusocin, gave the village to the Cisterian Order, so in the years 1382–1772 Gdynia belonged to the Cistercian abbey in Oliwa. In 1789 there w ...

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Gdynia, Gdynia - History, Gdynia - Construction of the Seaport, Gdynia - Construction of the City, Gdynia - Gdynia during World War II 1939–1945, Gdynia - Gdynia after World War II, Gdynia - Economy, Gdynia - Port of Gdynia, Gdynia - Education, Gdynia - Sports, Gdynia - Sports in Gdynia, Gdynia - Sports in Tricity, Gdynia - Politics, Gdynia - Gdynia/Słupsk constituency, Gdynia - Sights and tourist attractions, Gdynia - Modern division into neighbourhoods, Gdynia - Population and area

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In 1454 Poland was in conflict with Lithuania, which meant that although Casimir IV was Grand Duke of Lithuania as well as King of Poland, Lithuania sent no aid during the whole war to Poland, and didn't participate in it, except for a few raids without any impact on the result of the war. There was also the threat of attack by Russia and by the Ottoman Turks who in 1453 sacked Constantinople. Elsewhere, the international situation was quite good for Poland -- no-one apart from the main combatants was likely to intervene. The southern ...

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Thirteen Years' War, Thirteen Years' War - Preliminaries, Thirteen Years' War - Reasons behind the war, Thirteen Years' War - International situation, Thirteen Years' War - The Forces of the Belligerents, Thirteen Years' War - Overview, Thirteen Years' War - First phase, Thirteen Years' War - Second phase, Thirteen Years' War - Aftermath, Thirteen Years' War - Important persons

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The Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931 sparked a lasting refugee crisis, which in many respects persisted until the final resolution of the Chinese Civil War. The broadening of the conflict beyond the Chinese theatre did however spark a wider refugee problem in the post war period. World War II evacuation and expulsion - Jewish Resettlement in Palestine. The Holocaust and its aftermath left millions of refugees, including many Jews who had lost most or all of their family members and possessions, and o ...

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World War II evacuation and expulsion, World War II evacuation and expulsion - Europe, World War II evacuation and expulsion - Deportation of Jews, World War II evacuation and expulsion - Deportation of Poles, World War II evacuation and expulsion - Deportation of Germans and Others, World War II evacuation and expulsion - Asia, World War II evacuation and expulsion - Jewish Resettlement in Palestine, World War II evacuation and expulsion - The development refugee organisations

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Battle of Warsaw 1920 - Polish. 3 Fronts (Northern, Central, Southern), 7 Armies, a total of 32 divisions: 46,000 infantry; 2,000 cavalry; 730 machine guns; 192 artillery batteries; and several units of (mostly FT-17) tanks. Fronts: Northern Front: 250 km., from East Prussia, along the Vistula River, to Modlin: 5th Army 1st Army - Warsaw 2nd Army - Warsaw Central Front: 4th Army - between Dęblin and Kock 3rd Army - between south of Kock and Brody S ...

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Battle of Warsaw 1920, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - The battle, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - Prelude to the battle, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - The battle plan, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - First phase August 12, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - Second phase August 14, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - Third phase August 16, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - Aftermath, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - Breaking of Soviet ciphers, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - Orders of battle, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - Polish, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - Soviet, Battle of Warsaw 1920 - Notes

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The main part of the Polish army of that period was conscripted. All noblemen from the class known as the Szlachta, when called by the king, had to appear with their village-mayors and village-administrators. Cities gave wagons with horses, food, and service to them (including escorts). Units were divided into choragwie (standards) of two kinds: family, which were made by very large clans, and land which were from nobles from particular territory. Peasants also participated as infantrymen. The highest comman ...

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Thirteen Years' War, Thirteen Years' War - Preliminaries, Thirteen Years' War - Reasons behind the war, Thirteen Years' War - International situation, Thirteen Years' War - The Forces of the Belligerents, Thirteen Years' War - Overview, Thirteen Years' War - First phase, Thirteen Years' War - Second phase, Thirteen Years' War - Aftermath, Thirteen Years' War - Important persons

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Plates 1976 - 2000 series are stil valid. It has white letters on black background. There was coding too: ### **** or ### ***# (at the beginning configuration with letter in the end was used for public cars only) There was following coding (49 regions): Biała Podlaska BP, BA, BS Białystok BK, BT, BI Bielsko-Biała BB, BL, BO Bydgoszcz BY, BG, BD, BC Chełm CH, CM, CU Ciechanów CI, CN, CA Częstochowa CZ, CE, CO Elbląg EL, EG, EB ...

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Polish car number plates, Polish car number plates - Polish car number plates since May 1 2000, Polish car number plates - District indicators, Polish car number plates - 1976 - 2000 series

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Rzeszów - Transit. Rzeszów is located on international route number 4, connecting Germany and Ukraine. Traffic is therefore high, but as city has south distict, transit does not go through the city centre. Rzeszów - Airport. Rzeszów-Jasionka Airport (Port Lotniczy Rzeszów-Jasionka) is located in the village of Jasionka north of the city. Scheduled passenger services include flights to: Warsaw (WAW), Frankfurt (Hahn) and London (Stansted). Rzeszów - Buses. Rzeszów is a gateway to Bieszczady mountains, many buses head to Sanok.

Rzeszów, Rzeszów - Location, Rzeszów - History, Rzeszów - Education, Rzeszów - Transport, Rzeszów - Transit, Rzeszów - Airport, Rzeszów - Buses, Rzeszów - Railway, Rzeszów - Culture, Rzeszów - Theaters, Rzeszów - Museums, Rzeszów - Economy, Rzeszów - Industry, Rzeszów - Tourist attractions, Rzeszów - Sports, Rzeszów - Media, Rzeszów - Radio, Rzeszów - Press, Rzeszów - Television, Rzeszów - External link

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Rzeszów - Theaters. Theatre of Wanda Siemaszkowa (est. 1944) Theatre Maska Rzeszów - Museums. Etnographic Museum Museum of City Rzeszów Diocesan Museum ...

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Rzeszów, Rzeszów - Location, Rzeszów - History, Rzeszów - Education, Rzeszów - Transport, Rzeszów - Transit, Rzeszów - Airport, Rzeszów - Buses, Rzeszów - Railway, Rzeszów - Culture, Rzeszów - Theaters, Rzeszów - Museums, Rzeszów - Economy, Rzeszów - Industry, Rzeszów - Tourist attractions, Rzeszów - Sports, Rzeszów - Media, Rzeszów - Radio, Rzeszów - Press, Rzeszów - Television, Rzeszów - External link

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Bydgoszcz - Major corporations. Zachem SA, Bydgoszcz Zespół Elektrociepłowni Bydgoszcz SA, Bydgoszcz PESA Pojazdy Szynowe (PESA Rail Vehicles) ...

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Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz - History, Bydgoszcz - Economy, Bydgoszcz - Major corporations, Bydgoszcz - Education, Bydgoszcz - Sports, Bydgoszcz - Politics, Bydgoszcz - Bydgoszcz constituency, Bydgoszcz - Famous people from Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz - External link

Read more here: » Bydgoszcz: Encyclopedia II - Bydgoszcz - Economy

Rzeszów - Radio. Radio Rzeszów Radio Eska Rzeszów Akademickie Radio Centrum Katolickie Radio Via Radio RES Rzeszów - Press. Dzień Rzeszowa Gazeta Codzienna NOWINY Super Nowości Rzeszów - Television. Polish Television (TVP) branch in Rzeszow Rzeszow's cable television Local television DAMI M ...

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Rzeszów, Rzeszów - Location, Rzeszów - History, Rzeszów - Education, Rzeszów - Transport, Rzeszów - Transit, Rzeszów - Airport, Rzeszów - Buses, Rzeszów - Railway, Rzeszów - Culture, Rzeszów - Theaters, Rzeszów - Museums, Rzeszów - Economy, Rzeszów - Industry, Rzeszów - Tourist attractions, Rzeszów - Sports, Rzeszów - Media, Rzeszów - Radio, Rzeszów - Press, Rzeszów - Television, Rzeszów - External link

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Vistula - Towns and tributaries. Biała Wisełka Vistula valley east of Toruń Vistula flooding south of Warsaw, 2004 Bridge across the Vistula in Płock Vistula Vistula - Right tributaries. List of right tributaries with a nearby city Brennica - Skoczów Iłownica Biała - Czechowice-Dziedzice Soła Skawa - ...

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Vistula, Vistula - History, Vistula - Navigation, Vistula - Towns and tributaries, Vistula - Towns and tributaries, Vistula - Right tributaries, Vistula - Left tributaries

Read more here: » Vistula: Encyclopedia II - Vistula - Towns and tributaries

Rzeszów - Industry. Valeant Rzeszow (formerly Polfa Rzeszów) - pharmacy Pratt & Whitney - plane engines Zelmer - household equipment Comp Rzeszów S.A - computer software Novartis Rzeszow - food for children Sanofi Synthelabo ...

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Rzeszów, Rzeszów - Location, Rzeszów - History, Rzeszów - Education, Rzeszów - Transport, Rzeszów - Transit, Rzeszów - Airport, Rzeszów - Buses, Rzeszów - Railway, Rzeszów - Culture, Rzeszów - Theaters, Rzeszów - Museums, Rzeszów - Economy, Rzeszów - Industry, Rzeszów - Tourist attractions, Rzeszów - Sports, Rzeszów - Media, Rzeszów - Radio, Rzeszów - Press, Rzeszów - Television, Rzeszów - External link

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Thirteen Years' War - Reasons behind the war. In the 15th century, the states of Prussia saw the rapid economic development of their cities. However this was not followed by an increase in their political influence. The rule of the Teutonic Knights was seen as more and more anachronistic — taxes (funt customs) and the system of grain licences (every trader had to pay large fees for the privilege of trading grain) were hindering economic development in the province. At the same time the gentry wanted a bi ...

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Thirteen Years' War, Thirteen Years' War - Preliminaries, Thirteen Years' War - Reasons behind the war, Thirteen Years' War - International situation, Thirteen Years' War - The Forces of the Belligerents, Thirteen Years' War - Overview, Thirteen Years' War - First phase, Thirteen Years' War - Second phase, Thirteen Years' War - Aftermath, Thirteen Years' War - Important persons

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The Vistula is navigable, but over large parts of its course the standards do not entirely meet the requirements of modern inland navigation. From the Baltic Sea to Bydgoszcz (where the Bydgoszcz Kanal or Bromberg canal connects to the river) the Vistula can accommodate modest river vessels of CEMT class II. Further upstream the river does not have enough depth to allow river barges to navigate. Upstream of Warsawa, a project was undertaken to enlarge the capacity of the river by the building of a number of locks in the Cracow area; t ...

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Vistula, Vistula - History, Vistula - Navigation, Vistula - Towns and tributaries, Vistula - Towns and tributaries, Vistula - Right tributaries, Vistula - Left tributaries

Read more here: » Vistula: Encyclopedia II - Vistula - Navigation

The party first started in parliamentary elections in 1993, gaining 2.78% votes and failing to enter the Sejm. In 1995 Andrzej Lepper ran for president and gained 1.32% of the votes; in parliamentary elections in 1997, the party took 0.08%. In the year 2000 Samoobrona organized a campaign of blocking major roads in order to get media attention. Lepper gained 3.05% votes in the presidential elections. The parliamentary elections in 2001 gave the party 53 seats in the Sejm, with 10.5% support, making it the third largest political force ...

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Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland, Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland - Political program, Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland - History, Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland - Leaders, Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland - Members of Polish Parliament Sejm 2001-2005, Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland - Members of European Parliament

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Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Wyszków Operational Group. Was one of the reserves of the northern front of Polish defences. It consisted of 3 infantry divisions: 1st Legions Infantry Division (1 Dywizja Piechoty Legionów) 35th Infantry Division (35 Dywizja Piechoty - reserve) 41st Infantry Division (41 Dywizja Piechoty - reserve) Polish ...

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Polish army order of battle in 1939, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Armies, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Karpaty Army, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Kraków Army, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Lublin Army, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Łódź Army, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Modlin Army, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Pomorze Army, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Poznań Army, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Prusy Army, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Warszawa Army, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Operational Groups, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Wyszków Operational Group, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Narew Independent Operational Group, Polish army order of battle in 1939 - Supporting Forces

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Law and Justice - Party Chairmen. Lech Kaczyński 2001-2003 (resigned after taking office as President of Warsaw). Formally resigned from party after taking office as president of Poland on December 23, 2005. Jarosław Kaczyński 2003-present Law and Justice - Members of the PolishCabinet. (Since October 31, 2005, unless otherwise specified) Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz Prime minister Ludwik Dorn Minister of internal affairs ...

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Law and Justice, Law and Justice - Political program, Law and Justice - Vocal criticism, Law and Justice - History, Law and Justice - Prominent members, Law and Justice - Party Chairmen, Law and Justice - Members of the PolishCabinet, Law and Justice - Other prominent positions, Law and Justice - Members of Polish Parliament Sejm 2001-2005, Law and Justice - Members of Polish Senate 2001-2005, Law and Justice - Members of the European Parliament, Law and Justice - Trivia

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The party was created on a wave of popularity gained by Lech Kaczyński, while heading the Polish Ministry of Justice (June 2000 to July 2001) in the AWS-led government, although local commitees began appearing from March 22, 2001). The AWS itself was created from a diverse array of many small right-wing political parties. According to a claim by the US federal government funded International Republican Institute (IRI), the IRI itself played a significant role in uniting these parties to create the AWS, the "parent" party of both PiS and the PO. [8] In the 2001 elections PiS gained 44 (of 460) seats in the lower chamber of the P ...

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Law and Justice, Law and Justice - Political program, Law and Justice - Vocal criticism, Law and Justice - History, Law and Justice - Prominent members, Law and Justice - Party Chairmen, Law and Justice - Members of the PolishCabinet, Law and Justice - Other prominent positions, Law and Justice - Members of Polish Parliament Sejm 2001-2005, Law and Justice - Members of Polish Senate 2001-2005, Law and Justice - Members of the European Parliament, Law and Justice - Trivia

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The party has attracted quite a lot of vocal criticism at home and abroad, especially during the drawn-out pre-election period in late 2005. This criticism was aimed particularly at the party's conservative views. In October 2005, the European Commission warned that if Kaczyński in his role as President continues to oppose gay rights and seeks to introduce the death penalty, Poland could temporaril ...

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Law and Justice, Law and Justice - Political program, Law and Justice - Vocal criticism, Law and Justice - History, Law and Justice - Prominent members, Law and Justice - Party Chairmen, Law and Justice - Members of the PolishCabinet, Law and Justice - Other prominent positions, Law and Justice - Members of Polish Parliament Sejm 2001-2005, Law and Justice - Members of Polish Senate 2001-2005, Law and Justice - Members of the European Parliament, Law and Justice - Trivia

Read more here: » Law and Justice: Encyclopedia II - Law and Justice - Vocal criticism

The Polish Navy was organized into a a Warsaw-based Naval Command, subordinate to the Commander in Chief of the Polish forces, and several naval and riverine bases and flotillas. The Navy was commanded by Counter Admiral Józef Unrug and his Chief of Naval Staff Jerzy Świrski. Apart from the naval bases, the Polish Navy commanded also the Westerplatte Transit Warf, an exterritorial base and depot in the Free City of Danzig, commanded by Henryk Sucharski and See also:

Polish Navy order of battle in 1939, Polish Navy order of battle in 1939 - Peace-time organization, Polish Navy order of battle in 1939 - War-time organization, Polish Navy order of battle in 1939 - Land Coastal Command, Polish Navy order of battle in 1939 - Naval Coastal Command, Polish Navy order of battle in 1939 - Naval Air Squadron, Polish Navy order of battle in 1939 - Riverine flotillas, Polish Navy order of battle in 1939 - External link

Read more here: » Polish Navy order of battle in 1939: Encyclopedia II - Polish Navy order of battle in 1939 - Peace-time organization