Encyclopedia - Theory: Encyclopedia - Theory
Theory has a number of distinct meanings in different fields of knowledge, depending on the context and their methodologies. Theory - Ety...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Computability Theory: Encyclopedia - Computability Theory
Computability theory may refer to: A branch of mathematical logic, traditionally called recursion theory. A branch of the theory of comp...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory X And Theory Y: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory X And Theory Y - Theory Y
In this theory management assumes employees are ambitious, self-motivated, anxious to accept greater responsibility, and exercise self-co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Caloric Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Caloric Theory - Theory
The theory held that changes in temperature are due to the transfer of an imponderable fluid, invisible and weightless, called caloric. T...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Phlogiston Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Phlogiston Theory - Theory
The theory holds that all flammable materials contain phlogiston (derived noun form of the Greek phlogistos, meaning flammable), a substa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Legal Origins Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Legal Origins Theory - Theory
Since, historically, most countries received their law through colonial transplantation, law is considered to be exogenous to the analysi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Inception Of Darwin's Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Inception Of Darwin's Theory - Theory
Charles went house-hunting by day. At night he thought about "innumerable variations" (which he still thought were acquired in some way) ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory - Science
In scientific usage, a theory does not mean an unsubstantiated guess or hunch, as it does in other contexts. Neither is a scientific theo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory - Science
In scientific usage, a theory does not mean an unsubstantiated guess or hunch, as it often does in other contexts. Scientific theories ar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Complexity Theory: Encyclopedia - Complexity Theory
Complexity theory can refer to more than one thing: Computational complexity theory: a field in theoretical computer science and mathema...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Choice Theory: Encyclopedia - Choice Theory
The term Choice Theory is closely associated with the work of Dr. William Glasser, MD, author of the book so named, and is the culminatio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Caloric Theory: Encyclopedia - Caloric Theory
The caloric theory of heat is an obsolete scientific theory in thermodynamics, developed mostly during the 18th and 19th centuries. Calor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vapnik Chervonenkis Theory: Encyclopedia - Vapnik Chervonenkis Theory
Vapnik Chervonenkis theory (also known as VC theory) was developed during 1960-1990 by Vladimir Vapnik and Alexey Chervonenkis. The theor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Conflict Theory: Encyclopedia - Conflict Theory
In sociology and biology, conflict theory states that the society or organization functions so that each individual participant and its g...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Accretion Theory: Encyclopedia - Accretion Theory
The accretion theory, in astrophysics, is a scientific theory of the formation of our Solar system. The theory maintains that there exist...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Central Place Theory: Encyclopedia - Central Place Theory
Central Place Theory is a geographical theory that seeks to explain the size and spacing of human settlements. It rests on the notion tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bartopian Theory: Encyclopedia - Bartopian Theory
Bartopian Theory - The Bartopian Theory. A theory first proposed by the Russian Dr.S.Lunskaya in 1972, that humans were actually creat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Critical Theory: Encyclopedia - Critical Theory
In the humanities and social sciences, critical theory has two quite different meanings with different origins and histories, one origina...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Information Theory: Encyclopedia - Information Theory
Information theory is the mathematical theory of data communication and storage, generally considered to have been founded in 1948 by Cla...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Contract Theory: Encyclopedia - Contract Theory
Contract theory, though on this website, described as a 'theory', is really many different theories and various interpretations of the va...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alternative Set Theory: Encyclopedia - Alternative Set Theory
Generically, an alternative set theory is an alternative mathematical approach to the concept of set. It is a proposed alternative to the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Automata Theory: Encyclopedia - Automata Theory
In theoretical computer science, automata theory is the study of abstract machines and problems they are able to solve. Automata theory i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory X And Theory Y: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory X And Theory Y - Theory X
In this theory management assumes employees are inherently lazy and will avoid work if they can. Because of this workers need to be close...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Atomic Theory: Encyclopedia - Atomic Theory
In physics, atomic theory is a theory of the nature of matter. It states that all matter is composed of atoms. The philosophical backgrou...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Value Theory: Encyclopedia - Value Theory
Value theory concerns itself with the worth, utility, trading or economic value, moral value, legal value, quantitative or aesthetic valu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Unified Field Theory: Encyclopedia - Unified Field Theory
In physics, unified field theory is an attempt to unify all the fundamental forces and the interactions between elementary particles into...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Conspiracy Theory: Encyclopedia - Conspiracy Theory
A conspiracy theory attempts to explain the cause of an event as a secret, and often deceptive, plot by a covert alliance rather than as ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - String Theory Landscape: Encyclopedia - String Theory Landscape
The string theory landscape or anthropic landscape refers to the large number of different false vacua in string theory. It arises from t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Archaeological Theory: Encyclopedia - Archaeological Theory
Archaeological theory covers the debates over the practice of archaeology and the interpretation of archaeological results. There is no s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Arboreal Theory: Encyclopedia - Arboreal Theory
The arboreal theory claims that primates became primates by adapting to arboreal life. Primates are thought to have developed several of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Recapitulation Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Recapitulation Theory - Haeckel's Theory
Ontogeny is the development of the embryos of a given species; phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species. The theory claims that...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dependency Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Dependency Theory - Spread Of Theory
Dependency theory became popular in the 1960s and 1970s as a criticism of standard development theory that seemed to be failing due to th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory Of Computation: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory Of Computation - Computability Theory
Computability theory deals primarily with the question of whether a problem is solvable at all on a computer. The halting problem is one ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Critical Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Critical Theory - Critical Theory Social Theory
The first meaning of the term critical theory was that defined by Max Horkheimer of the Frankfurt School of social science in his 1937 es...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Superstring Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Superstring Theory - Number Of Superstring Theories
Theoretical physicists were troubled by the existence of five separate superstring theories. This has been solved by the second superstri...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Game Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Game Theory - Uses Of Game Theory
Games in one form or another are widely used in many different academic disciplines. Game theory - Economics and business. Economists h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Game Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Game Theory - History Of Game Theory
The first known discussion of game theory occurred in a letter written by James Waldegrave in 1713. In this letter, Waldegrave provides a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Auteur Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Auteur Theory - Impact Of The Auteur Theory
The auteur theory was used by the directors of the nouvelle vague (New Wave) movement of French cinema in the 1960s (many of whom were al...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Number Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Number Theory - History
Number theory - Early history. Number theory was a favorite study among the Ancient Greeks, who were aware of the Diophantine equation ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Number Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Number Theory - Fields
Number theory - Elementary number theory. In elementary number theory, integers are studied without use of techniques from other mathem...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Number Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Number Theory - Fields
Number theory - Elementary number theory. In elementary number theory, integers are studied without use of techniques from other mathem...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Auteur Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Auteur Theory - Criticism Of The Auteur Theory
Starting in the 1960s, there has been a backlash against the auteur theory. Pauline Kael and Sarris feuded in the pages of The New Yorker...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory Of The Firm: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory Of The Firm - Managerial And Behavioural Theories
It was only in the 1960s that the neo-classical theory of the firm was seriously challenged by alternatives such as managerial and behavi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Auteur Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Auteur Theory - Truffaut's Theory
In his 1954 essay Une certaine tendance du cinéma français ("a certain tendency in the French cinema") François Truffaut coined the ph...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Information Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Information Theory - Source Theory
Any process that generates successive messages can be considered a source of information. Sources can be classified in order of increasin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Literary Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Literary Theory - Literary Theory And Literature
One of the fundamental questions of literary theory is "What is literature?", though many contemporary theorists and literary scholars be...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory Of The Firm: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory Of The Firm - Transaction Cost Theory
Ronald Coase (1937)’s transaction cost theory of the firm was one of the first (neo-classical) attempts to define the firm theoreticall...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Novelty Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Novelty Theory - Precepts Of Novelty Theory
Novelty Theory has a few basic tenets: That the universe is a living system with a teleological attractor at the end of time that drives...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Possibility Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Possibility Theory - Necessity
Whereas probability theory uses a single number, the probability, to describe how likely an event is to occur possibility theory uses two...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dependency Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Dependency Theory - Spread Of Theory
Dependency theory became popular in the 1960s and 1970s as a criticism of standard development theory that seemed to be failing due to th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory Of Computation: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory Of Computation - Complexity Theory
Complexity theory considers not only whether a problem can be solved at all on a computer, but also how efficiently the problem can be so...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory X And Theory Y: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory X And Theory Y - Managing An X Theory Boss
Working for an X Theory boss isn't easy - some extreme X theory managers can be extremely unpleasant - but there are ways of managing the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Conspiracy Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Conspiracy Theory - Conspiracy Theories In Fiction
Main article: Conspiracy theories (fictional) Conspiracies are a popular theme in several genres of fiction, notably thrillers and scienc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gauge Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Gauge Theory - Classical Gauge Theory
This section requires some familiarity with classical or quantum field theory, and the use of Lagrangians. Definitions in this section: g...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Conspiracy Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Conspiracy Theory - Origins Of Conspiracy Theories
Humans naturally respond to events or situations which have had an emotional impact upon them by trying to make sense of those events, ty...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Contract Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Contract Theory - Classical Contract Theory
Classical contract theory is the set of ideas and assumptions that underpinned the development of contract law in England and the United ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Caloric Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Caloric Theory - History
In the history of thermodynamics, the initial explanations of heat were thoroughly confused with explanations of combustion. After J. J. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bundle Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Bundle Theory - Objections To The Bundle Theory
Objections to bundle theory concern the nature of the bundle of properties, the properties' compresence relation (the togetherness relati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bundle Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Bundle Theory - Objections To The Bundle Theory
Objections to bundle theory concern the nature of the bundle of properties, the properties' compresence relation (the togetherness relati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - M-theory: Encyclopedia Ii - M-theory - Basics
It was believed before 1995 that there were exactly five consistent superstring theories, which are called, respectively, the Type I stri...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Leg Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Leg Theory - Fast Leg Theory
Main article: Bodyline In 1930, England captain Douglas Jardine, together with Nottinghamshire's captain Arthur Carr and his bowlers Haro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Caloric Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Caloric Theory - Demise
In 1798, Count Rumford published An Experimental Enquiry Concerning the Source of the Heat which is Excited by Friction, a report on his ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Literary Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Literary Theory - History
The practice of literary theory became a profession in the 20th century, but it has historical roots that run as far back as ancient Gree...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Information Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Information Theory - Applications
Information theory - Coding Theory. Coding theory is the most important and direct application of information theory. It can be subdivi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Proof Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Proof Theory - Structural Proof Theory
Main article: Structural proof theory Structural proof theory is the subdiscipline of proof theory that studies proof calculi that suppor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kummer Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Kummer Theory - Kummer Theory
Kummer theory provides converse statements. When K contains n distinct roots of unity, it states that any cyclic extension of K of degree...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aether Theories: Encyclopedia Ii - Aether Theories - Theories And Experiments
During the 19th century, a large number of aether theories were produced, with slightly different combinations of absoluteness or relativ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chaos Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Chaos Theory - Description Of The Theory
Chaos theory is a collection of results, methods, and visualization techniques used to study dynamical systems. A mathematical model of a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chaos Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Chaos Theory - Mathematical Theory
Mathematicians have devised many additional ways to make quantitative statements about chaotic systems. These include: fractal dimension...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bundle Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Bundle Theory - Arguments For The Bundle Theory
The difficulty in conceiving of or describing an object without also conceiving of or describing its properties is a common justification...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bundle Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Bundle Theory - Arguments For The Bundle Theory
The difficulty in conceiving of or describing an object without also conceiving of or describing its properties is a common justification...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Value Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Value Theory - Sociology
In sociology, value theory is concerned with personal values which are popularly held by a community, and how those values might change u...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Novelty Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Novelty Theory - Criticisms
There are several criticisms of Novelty Theory. Most contend that it is a sophistry based on a form of irrational scientism with pseudo-s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Group Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Group Theory - History
There are three historical roots of group theory: the theory of algebraic equations, number theory and geometry. Euler, Gauss, Lagrange, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Control Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Control Theory - Classical Control Theory
To avoid the problems of the open-loop controller, control theory introduces feedback. The output of the system y(t) is fed back to the r...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Information Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Information Theory - History
Claude E. Shannon (1916–2001) founded information theory with his classic paper "A Mathematical Theory of Communication", published in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gauge Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Gauge Theory - Quantization Of Gauge Theories
Gauge theories may be quantized by specialization of methods which are applicable to any quantum field theory. However, because of the su...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gauge Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Gauge Theory - Quantization Of Gauge Theories
Gauge theories may be quantized by specialization of methods which are applicable to any quantum field theory. However, because of the su...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coding Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Coding Theory - Applications Of Coding Theory
Another concern of coding theory is designing codes that help synchronization. A code may be designed so that a phase shift can be easily...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Model Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Model Theory - Theorems Of Model Theory
Gödel's completeness theorem (not to be confused with his incompleteness theorems) says that a theory has a model if and only if it is c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Information Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Source Theory
Any process that generates successive messages can be considered a source of information. Sources can be classified in order of increasin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - String Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - String Theory - Problems
String theory remains to be verified. No version of string theory has yet made a prediction which differs from those made by other theori...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gauge Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Gauge Theory - Classical Gauge Theory
This section requires some familiarity with classical or quantum field theory, and the use of Lagrangians. Definitions in this section: g...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dependency Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Dependency Theory - Criticism
While dependency theory as a purely theoretical approach to global economics still exists, to date, all attempts to use the theory to fin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emission Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Emission Theory - Problems With Emission Theory
The simplest form of emission theory says that radiating objects throw off light with a speed of "c" relative to their own state of motio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Value Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Value Theory - Origins
Research suggests both human beings and at least some other sentient organisms can hold values, which express themselves in behavioural d...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Value Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Value Theory - Characteristics
Values are implicitly related to a degree of behavioural freedom or autonomy by organisms which goes beyond a conditioned response; value...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Conspiracy Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Conspiracy Theory - Overview
The term "conspiracy theory" may be a neutral descriptor for a conspiracy claim. However, conspiracy theory is also used to indicate a na...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Conspiracy Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Conspiracy Theory - Controversies
Aside from controversies over the merits of particular conspiracy claims (see catalog below), and the various differing academic opinions...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cell Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Cell Theory - Cell Theory History
In 1838, the botanist Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, a physiologist discovered that both plant and animal cells had nuclei...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - New Trade Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - New Trade Theory - The Theory
New Trade theorists challenge the assumption of diminishing returns to scale, and some argue that using protectionist measures to build u...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Glottalic Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Glottalic Theory - Objections
The primary objection to the glottalic theory is the difficulty in explaining how the sound systems of the attested dialects were derived...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory Of Structuration: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory Of Structuration - Technology
This theory has been adapted and augmented by researchers interested in the relationship between technology and social structures (see Th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - String Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - String Theory - History
String theory was originally invented to explain peculiarities of hadron (subatomic particle which experiences the strong nuclear force) ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Value Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Value Theory - Psychology
In psychology, value theory refers to the study of the way in which human beings develop, assert and believe in certain values, and act o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - String Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - String Theory - Problems
String theory remains to be verified. No version of string theory has yet made a prediction which differs from those made by other theori...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chaos Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Chaos Theory - Mathematical Theory
Mathematicians have devised many additional ways to make quantitative statements about chaotic systems. These include: fractal dimension...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emission Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Emission Theory - History
The name most often associated with emission theory is Isaac Newton. Newton visualised light "corpuscles" being thrown off from hot bodie...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kummer Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Kummer Theory - Generalizations
There exists a slight generalization of Kummer theory which deals with abelian extensions with Galois group of exponent n, and an analogo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory - Mathematics
In mathematics, the word theory is used informally to refer to certain distinct bodies of knowledge about mathematics. This knowledge con...   » Read the article