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szlachta | A Wisdom Archive on szlachta | | szlachta A selection of articles related to szlachta | |
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szlachta, Szlachta, Szlachta - History, Szlachta - Szlachta culture, Szlachta - Etymology, Szlachta - Heraldry, Szlachta - Origins, Szlachta - Religious beliefs, Szlachta - Sarmatism, Szlachta - Szlachta rise to power, Szlachta - Transformation into aristocracy, History of Poland, List of <i>szlachta</i>, Legitimization of szlachta in Congress Poland (<i>legitymacja szlachectwa</i>), Warsaw Confederation
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO szlachta | | | |  szlachta: Encyclopedia II - Sarmatians - Recent researchIn a recent excavation of Sarmatian sites by Dr. Jeannine Davis-Kimball, a tomb was found wherein female warriors were buried, thus lending some credence to the myths about the Amazons. Following the excavation in 2003 by Dr. Davis-Kimball, she and Dr. Joachim Burger compared the genetic evidence from the site with the nomadic Kazakhs, and have found a striking genetic link – verified later by the University of Cambridge [1] – and lending credence to the long-held thesis that the ancient Turkic people who expanded into this region neither exterminated nor completely drove out the original Iranian inhabitants, but in ...
See also:Sarmatians, Sarmatians - Name, Sarmatians - History, Sarmatians - Herodotus, Sarmatians - Strabo, Sarmatians - Tacitus, Sarmatians - Pliny the elder, Sarmatians - Pausanias, Sarmatians - Pontic inscriptions, Sarmatians - Ptolemy, Sarmatians - Ammianus Marcellinus, Sarmatians - End, Sarmatians - Sarmatian tribes, Sarmatians - Archaeology and ethnology, Sarmatians - The Polish idea of Sarmatians, Sarmatians - Recent research, Sarmatians - Trivia Read more here: » Sarmatians: Encyclopedia II - Sarmatians - Recent research |
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| | | | | | szlachta: Encyclopedia II - Anti-Semitism - Racial anti-Semitism Racial anti-Semitism replaced the hatred of Judaism with the hatred of Jews as a group. In the context of the Industrial Revolution, following the emancipation of the Jews, Jews rapidly urbanized and experienced a period of greater social mobility. With the decreasing role of religion in public life tempering religious anti-Semitism, a combination of growing nationalism, the rise of eugenics, and resentment at the socio-economic success of the Jews led to the newer, and more virulent, racist anti-Semitism.
See also:Anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Etymology and usage, Anti-Semitism - Definitions of the term, Anti-Semitism - Earliest Antisemitism, Anti-Semitism - Religious Antisemitism, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Judaism in the New Testament, Anti-Semitism - Early Christianity, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in the Middle Ages, Anti-Semitism - Disabilities and Restrictions, Anti-Semitism - The Crusades, Anti-Semitism - The expulsions from England France Germany and Spain, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Judaism and the Reformation, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in 19th and 20th century Catholicism, Anti-Semitism - Passion plays, Anti-Semitism - Racial anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Nationalism and Anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - The rise of racial anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Elites and the use of Anti-semitism, Anti-Semitism - Dreyfus Affair, Anti-Semitism - Pogroms, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Jewish Legislation, Anti-Semitism - The Holocaust and Holocaust Denial, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitic conspiracy theories, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and the Muslim world, Anti-Semitism - Anti-semitism and specific countries, Anti-Semitism - United States, Anti-Semitism - Europe, Anti-Semitism - Asia, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism, Anti-Semitism - New anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in the 21st century Read more here: » Anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - Anti-Semitism - Racial anti-Semitism |
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| | | | | szlachta: Encyclopedia II - Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and the Muslim world Anti-Semitism within Islam is discussed in the article on Islam and anti-Semitism. Anti-Semitism in the Arab World is discussed in the article on Arabs and anti-Semitism
The Qur'an, Islam's holy book, accuses the Jews of corrupting the Hebrew Bible. Muslims refer to Jews and Christians as a "People of the book"; Islamic law demands that when under Muslim rule they should be tolerated as dhimmis - from the Arab term ahl adh-dhimma. The writer Bat Ye'or introduced the modern word Dhimmitude as a generic indication o ...
See also:Anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Etymology and usage, Anti-Semitism - Definitions of the term, Anti-Semitism - Earliest Antisemitism, Anti-Semitism - Religious Antisemitism, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Judaism in the New Testament, Anti-Semitism - Early Christianity, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in the Middle Ages, Anti-Semitism - Disabilities and Restrictions, Anti-Semitism - The Crusades, Anti-Semitism - The expulsions from England France Germany and Spain, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Judaism and the Reformation, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in 19th and 20th century Catholicism, Anti-Semitism - Passion plays, Anti-Semitism - Racial anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Nationalism and Anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - The rise of racial anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Elites and the use of Anti-semitism, Anti-Semitism - Dreyfus Affair, Anti-Semitism - Pogroms, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Jewish Legislation, Anti-Semitism - The Holocaust and Holocaust Denial, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitic conspiracy theories, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and the Muslim world, Anti-Semitism - Anti-semitism and specific countries, Anti-Semitism - United States, Anti-Semitism - Europe, Anti-Semitism - Asia, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism, Anti-Semitism - New anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in the 21st century Read more here: » Anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and the Muslim world |
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| | | | | szlachta: Encyclopedia II - Anti-Semitism - Anti-semitism and specific countries
Anti-Semitism - United States.
Main article: History of the Jews in the United States
Jews were often condemned by populist politicians alternately for their left-wing politics, or their perceived wealth, at the turn of the century. Anti-semitism grew in the years leading up to America's entry into World War II, Father Charles Coughlin, an anti-Semitic radio preacher, as well as many other prominent public figures, condemned "the Jews," and Henr ...
See also:Anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Etymology and usage, Anti-Semitism - Definitions of the term, Anti-Semitism - Earliest Antisemitism, Anti-Semitism - Religious Antisemitism, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Judaism in the New Testament, Anti-Semitism - Early Christianity, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in the Middle Ages, Anti-Semitism - Disabilities and Restrictions, Anti-Semitism - The Crusades, Anti-Semitism - The expulsions from England France Germany and Spain, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Judaism and the Reformation, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in 19th and 20th century Catholicism, Anti-Semitism - Passion plays, Anti-Semitism - Racial anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Nationalism and Anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - The rise of racial anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Elites and the use of Anti-semitism, Anti-Semitism - Dreyfus Affair, Anti-Semitism - Pogroms, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Jewish Legislation, Anti-Semitism - The Holocaust and Holocaust Denial, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitic conspiracy theories, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and the Muslim world, Anti-Semitism - Anti-semitism and specific countries, Anti-Semitism - United States, Anti-Semitism - Europe, Anti-Semitism - Asia, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism, Anti-Semitism - New anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in the 21st century Read more here: » Anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - Anti-Semitism - Anti-semitism and specific countries |
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| | | | | szlachta: Encyclopedia II - Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism Anti-Zionism is a term that has been used to describe several very different political and religious points of view (both historically and in current debates) all expressing some form of opposition to Zionism. A large variety of commentators - politicians, journalists, academics and others - believe that criticisms of Israel and Zionism are often disproportionate in degree and unique in kind, and attribute this to anti-Semitism. In turn, critics of this view believe that associating anti-Zionism with anti-Semitism is intended to stifle debat ...
See also:Anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Etymology and usage, Anti-Semitism - Definitions of the term, Anti-Semitism - Earliest Antisemitism, Anti-Semitism - Religious Antisemitism, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Judaism in the New Testament, Anti-Semitism - Early Christianity, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in the Middle Ages, Anti-Semitism - Disabilities and Restrictions, Anti-Semitism - The Crusades, Anti-Semitism - The expulsions from England France Germany and Spain, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Judaism and the Reformation, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in 19th and 20th century Catholicism, Anti-Semitism - Passion plays, Anti-Semitism - Racial anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Nationalism and Anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - The rise of racial anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Elites and the use of Anti-semitism, Anti-Semitism - Dreyfus Affair, Anti-Semitism - Pogroms, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Jewish Legislation, Anti-Semitism - The Holocaust and Holocaust Denial, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitic conspiracy theories, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and the Muslim world, Anti-Semitism - Anti-semitism and specific countries, Anti-Semitism - United States, Anti-Semitism - Europe, Anti-Semitism - Asia, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism, Anti-Semitism - New anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in the 21st century Read more here: » Anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism |
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| | | | | szlachta: Encyclopedia II - Crown land - Poland In Poland, the Crown lands were known as królewszczyzny (sing. królewszczyzna). Since 15th cnetury they have been leased or gifted to the members of nobility (szlachta). Those nobles who had received the privilege of administering the Crown lands (and thus keeping most of its profits) had the title of starosta. Once given a Crown land, one had the right to keep it 'for life'.
Ruch egzekucyjny (execution movement) of the late 16th century, led by kanclerz Jan Zamoyski, put one of its goals the 'execution of lands', i.e. ...
See also:Crown land, Crown land - United Kingdom and its predecessors, Crown land - Anglo-Saxon and Norman, Crown land - England Britain UK, Crown land - Crown Estate, Crown land - The British Commonwealth, Crown land - Tasmanian Crown Lands Act 1976, Crown land - Canada, Crown land - Austro-Hungary, Crown land - Poland, Crown land - Reference, Crown land - External link Read more here: » Crown land: Encyclopedia II - Crown land - Poland |
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| | | | | szlachta: Encyclopedia II - Anti-Semitism - Etymology and usage The word antisemitic (antisemitisch in German) was probably first used in 1860 by the Jewish scholar Moritz Steinschneider in the phrase "antisemitic prejudices" (German: "antisemitische Vorurteile"). Steinschneider used this phrase to characterize Ernest Renan's ideas about how "Semitic races" were inferior to "Aryan races." These pseudo-scientific theories had become quite widespread in Europe in the second half of the 19th century, especially as ...
See also:Anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Etymology and usage, Anti-Semitism - Definitions of the term, Anti-Semitism - Earliest Antisemitism, Anti-Semitism - Religious Antisemitism, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Judaism in the New Testament, Anti-Semitism - Early Christianity, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in the Middle Ages, Anti-Semitism - Disabilities and Restrictions, Anti-Semitism - The Crusades, Anti-Semitism - The expulsions from England France Germany and Spain, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Judaism and the Reformation, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in 19th and 20th century Catholicism, Anti-Semitism - Passion plays, Anti-Semitism - Racial anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Nationalism and Anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - The rise of racial anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Elites and the use of Anti-semitism, Anti-Semitism - Dreyfus Affair, Anti-Semitism - Pogroms, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Jewish Legislation, Anti-Semitism - The Holocaust and Holocaust Denial, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitic conspiracy theories, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and the Muslim world, Anti-Semitism - Anti-semitism and specific countries, Anti-Semitism - United States, Anti-Semitism - Europe, Anti-Semitism - Asia, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism, Anti-Semitism - New anti-Semitism, Anti-Semitism - Anti-Semitism in the 21st century Read more here: » Anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - Anti-Semitism - Etymology and usage |
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| | | | | | szlachta: Encyclopedia II - Raphael Kalinowski - Carmelite priest In 1877 Kalinowski joined the Carmel of Linz, and took the name "Brother Raphael of St. Joseph." The name "of St. Joseph" had nothing to do with his birthname -- it was common for many Carmelites to list their name as "of St. Joseph", after the "Convent of St. Joseph" founded by Teresa of Avila, co-founder of the Discalced Carmelite Order.
Kalinowski was ordained as priest at Czerna in 1882 by Bishop Albin Dunajewski, and in 1883 became prior of the convent at Czerna.
He founded multiple Catholic organizations around Poland and the Ukraine, most ...
See also:Raphael Kalinowski, Raphael Kalinowski - Childhood, Raphael Kalinowski - Military career, Raphael Kalinowski - Royal tutor, Raphael Kalinowski - Carmelite priest, Raphael Kalinowski - Beatification and canonization, Raphael Kalinowski - Literary works Read more here: » Raphael Kalinowski: Encyclopedia II - Raphael Kalinowski - Carmelite priest |
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| | | | | szlachta: Encyclopedia II - Raphael Kalinowski - Beatification and canonization Kalinowski's remains were originally kept in the convent cemetery, but this proved unmanageable because of the large number of pilgrims who came visiting. So many of them took handfuls of dirt from the grave, that the nuns had to keep replacing the earth and plants at the cemetery. His body was later moved to a tomb, but the pilgrims went there instead, often scratching with their hands at the plaster, just to have some relic to keep with them [1]. His remains ...
See also:Raphael Kalinowski, Raphael Kalinowski - Childhood, Raphael Kalinowski - Military career, Raphael Kalinowski - Royal tutor, Raphael Kalinowski - Carmelite priest, Raphael Kalinowski - Beatification and canonization, Raphael Kalinowski - Literary works Read more here: » Raphael Kalinowski: Encyclopedia II - Raphael Kalinowski - Beatification and canonization |
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| | | | | szlachta: Encyclopedia II - History of the Cossacks - Early Cossack history The Cossacks came to existence in the territories of today's Ukraine, around the 13th century, as a result of early medieval migrations of peoples in Europe.
Byzantine writers of the 10th century first mentioned the Cossacks and described them as a separate people who lived on the river Don. In 1261 these people living in the area between the rivers Dniester and the Volga were described for the first time in Russian chronicles.
In all historical records of that period Cossack society was described as a loose federation of indep ...
See also:History of the Cossacks, History of the Cossacks - Early Cossack history, History of the Cossacks - Cossacks in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, History of the Cossacks - Ukraine and Muscovy, History of the Cossacks - Cossacks in Imperial Russia, History of the Cossacks - The Russian Revolution and Cossacks, History of the Cossacks - Cossacks in World War II, History of the Cossacks - Cossacks in Russia today, History of the Cossacks - External articles Read more here: » History of the Cossacks: Encyclopedia II - History of the Cossacks - Early Cossack history |
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