Neusner’s enterprise has been aimed at a humanistic and academic reading of classics of Judaism, yet with full regard for their specific statements to their own world. He demonstrates how people wrote these books as a way of asking and answering questions that we can locate and understand. According to Neusner, when we can find those shared and human dimensions of documents we can relate classic writings to a world we understand and share. That imputes a common rationality to diverse authorships and ages – theirs and ours – and, Neusner believes, expresses the fundamen ...

See also:

Jacob Neusner, Jacob Neusner - Contributions to scholarship, Jacob Neusner - Systematic analysis of documents, Jacob Neusner - Reading documents critically, Jacob Neusner - Reframing the paradigm: From Judaism to Judaisms, Jacob Neusner - Viewing religions as systems illustrated by cases drawn from Judaism, Jacob Neusner - Methodology, Jacob Neusner - Studies critical of Neusner's work, Jacob Neusner - Impact, Jacob Neusner - Books by Jacob Neusner

Read more here: » Jacob Neusner: Encyclopedia II - Jacob Neusner - Impact

Alcohol - Systematic names. In the IUPAC system, the name of the alkane chain loses the terminal "e" and adds "ol", e.g. "methanol" and "ethanol". When necessary, the position of the hydroxyl group is indicated by a number between the alkane name and the "ol": propan-1-ol for CH3CH2CH2OH, propan-2-ol for CH3CH(OH)CH3. Sometimes, the position number is written before the IUPAC name: 1-propanol and 2-propanol. If a higher priority group is present (such as an a ...

See also:

Alcohol, Alcohol - Structure, Alcohol - Primary secondary and tertiary alcohols, Alcohol - Methanol & ethanol, Alcohol - Uses, Alcohol - Sources, Alcohol - Nomenclature, Alcohol - Systematic names, Alcohol - Etymology, Alcohol - Physical and chemical properties, Alcohol - Toxicity, Alcohol - Preparation of alcohols, Alcohol - Laboratory, Alcohol - Industrial, Alcohol - Reactions of alcohols, Alcohol - Deprotonation, Alcohol - Nucleophilic substitution, Alcohol - Dehydration, Alcohol - Esterification, Alcohol - Oxidation

Read more here: » Alcohol: Encyclopedia II - Alcohol - Nomenclature

The main advantage of systematic expository preaching is that the preacher will never be lost for a subject for his or her sermon, since few preachers have ever preached through the entire Bible in their lifetime or with one congregation. Should they be so fortunate to finish the entire Bible with the same congregation, many years will have passed with (hopefully) lots of new faces in the congregation, so they can start ...

See also:

Expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository preaching compared with Topical preaching, Expository preaching - Systematic exposition, Expository preaching - The Lectionary Method, Expository preaching - The Individual Choice Method, Expository preaching - Advantages and Disadvantages of Expository Preaching, Expository preaching - Prominent Expository Preachers, Expository preaching - Relative importance of expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository Preaching and the Seeker Movement, Expository preaching - Scriptural basis for exposition, Expository preaching - The expository preacher, Expository preaching - Note

Read more here: » Expository preaching: Encyclopedia II - Expository preaching - Advantages and Disadvantages of Expository Preaching

A rational investor would not invest in an asset which does not improve the risk-return characteristics of his existing portfolio. Since a rational investor would hold the market portfolio, the asset in question will be added to the market portfolio. MPT derives the required return for a correctly priced asset in this context. Modern portfolio theory - Systematic risk and specific risk. Specific risk is the risk associated with individual assets - within a portfolio these risks can be reduced through diver ...

See also:

Modern portfolio theory, Modern portfolio theory - Risk and reward, Modern portfolio theory - Mean and variance, Modern portfolio theory - Diversification, Modern portfolio theory - The efficient frontier, Modern portfolio theory - The risk free asset, Modern portfolio theory - Portfolio leverage, Modern portfolio theory - The market portfolio, Modern portfolio theory - Capital Market Line, Modern portfolio theory - Asset pricing, Modern portfolio theory - Systematic risk and specific risk, Modern portfolio theory - Capital Asset Pricing Model, Modern portfolio theory - Securities Market Line

Read more here: » Modern portfolio theory: Encyclopedia II - Modern portfolio theory - Asset pricing

::Main article: History of theology Classical Greek theology (c.700 BC to 323 BC). Various forms of systematic and philosophical reflection on Ancient Greek religion and Greek mythology arose in the classical period - from Hesiod's attempts to organise the diverse materials of mythology into a unified Theogony to the more properly philosophical analysis reportedly carried out by Socrates. Plato's Timaeus and Aristotle's Metaphysics Book Lambda are two of ...

See also:

Theology, Theology - History of the term, Theology - A brief history of Theologies, Theology - Theology and religions other than Christianity, Theology - Theology and the Academy, Theology - Theological studies in different institutions, Theology - Divisions of theology, Theology - Quotes

Read more here: » Theology: Encyclopedia II - Theology - A brief history of Theologies

Theology can be divided up in any number of ways. Many of these divisions have originated in the study of the Christian religion, although some have been adapted and extended to apply to other religions, or to the study of multiple religions. The most established distinctions are Systematic Theology, Biblical Studies/Biblical Theology, Historical Theology and Pastoral Theology. Theology can also be divided up into : Academic subdisciplines; Biblical Theology - focused on the investigation and int ...

See also:

Theology, Theology - History of the term, Theology - A brief history of Theologies, Theology - Theology and religions other than Christianity, Theology - Theology and the Academy, Theology - Theological studies in different institutions, Theology - Divisions of theology, Theology - Quotes

Read more here: » Theology: Encyclopedia II - Theology - Divisions of theology

::Main article: History of theology Theology - Classical Greek theology c.700 BC to 323 BC. Various forms of systematic and philosophical reflection on Ancient Greek religion and Greek mythology arose in the classical period - from Hesiod's attempts to organise the diverse materials of mythology into a unified Theogony to the more properly philosophical analysis reportedly carried out by Socrates. Plato's Timaeus and Aristotle's Metaphysics Book Lambda are two of the most influential writings of Classical Greek theology. See also:

Theology, Theology - History of the term, Theology - A brief history of Theologies, Theology - Classical Greek theology c.700 BC to 323 BC, Theology - Hellenistic theology 323 BC to 529 AD, Theology - Early Jewish theology to c.200 AD, Theology - Early Christian theology to c.500 AD, Theology - Theology and religions other than Christianity, Theology - Theology and the Academy, Theology - Theological studies in different institutions, Theology - Divisions of theology, Theology - Quotes

Read more here: » Theology: Encyclopedia II - Theology - A brief history of Theologies

The functional group of an alcohol is a hydroxyl group bonded to an sp3 hybridized carbon. It can therefore be regarded as a derivative of water, with an alkyl group replacing one of the hydrogens. If an aryl group is present rather than an alkyl, the compound is generally called a phenol rather than an alcohol. The oxygen in an alcohol has a bond angle of around 109° (c.f. 104.5° in water), and two nonbonded electron pairs. The O-H bond in methanol (CH3OH) is around 96 picometres long. Alcohol - Primary se ...

See also:

Alcohol, Alcohol - Structure, Alcohol - Primary secondary and tertiary alcohols, Alcohol - Methanol & ethanol, Alcohol - Uses, Alcohol - Sources, Alcohol - Nomenclature, Alcohol - Systematic names, Alcohol - Etymology, Alcohol - Physical and chemical properties, Alcohol - Toxicity, Alcohol - Preparation of alcohols, Alcohol - Laboratory, Alcohol - Industrial, Alcohol - Reactions of alcohols, Alcohol - Deprotonation, Alcohol - Nucleophilic substitution, Alcohol - Dehydration, Alcohol - Esterification, Alcohol - Oxidation

Read more here: » Alcohol: Encyclopedia II - Alcohol - Structure

Alcohols are in wide use in industry and science as reagents, solvents, and fuels. Ethanol and methanol can be made to burn more cleanly than gasoline or diesel. Because of its low toxicity and ability to dissolve non-polar substances, ethanol is often used as a solvent in medical drugs, perfumes, and vegetable essences such as vanilla. In organic synthesis, alcohols frequently serve as versatile intermediates. Ethanol is also commonly used in beverages after fermentation to promote flavor or induce a euphoric intoxication commonly kn ...

See also:

Alcohol, Alcohol - Structure, Alcohol - Primary secondary and tertiary alcohols, Alcohol - Methanol & ethanol, Alcohol - Uses, Alcohol - Sources, Alcohol - Nomenclature, Alcohol - Systematic names, Alcohol - Etymology, Alcohol - Physical and chemical properties, Alcohol - Toxicity, Alcohol - Preparation of alcohols, Alcohol - Laboratory, Alcohol - Industrial, Alcohol - Reactions of alcohols, Alcohol - Deprotonation, Alcohol - Nucleophilic substitution, Alcohol - Dehydration, Alcohol - Esterification, Alcohol - Oxidation

Read more here: » Alcohol: Encyclopedia II - Alcohol - Uses

The hydroxyl group generally makes the alcohol molecule polar. Those groups can form hydrogen bonds to one another and to other compounds. Two opposing solubility trends in alcohols are: the tendency of the polar OH to promote solubility in water, and of the carbon chain to resist it. Thus, methanol, ethanol, and propanol are miscible in water because the hydroxyl group wins out over the short carbon chain. Butanol, with a four-carbon chain, is moderately soluble because of a balance between the two trends. Alcohols of five or more carbons (Pentanol and higher) are effecti ...

See also:

Alcohol, Alcohol - Structure, Alcohol - Primary secondary and tertiary alcohols, Alcohol - Methanol & ethanol, Alcohol - Uses, Alcohol - Sources, Alcohol - Nomenclature, Alcohol - Systematic names, Alcohol - Etymology, Alcohol - Physical and chemical properties, Alcohol - Toxicity, Alcohol - Preparation of alcohols, Alcohol - Laboratory, Alcohol - Industrial, Alcohol - Reactions of alcohols, Alcohol - Deprotonation, Alcohol - Nucleophilic substitution, Alcohol - Dehydration, Alcohol - Esterification, Alcohol - Oxidation

Read more here: » Alcohol: Encyclopedia II - Alcohol - Physical and chemical properties

Alcohols often have an odor described as 'biting' that 'hangs' in the nasal passages. Ethanol in the form of alcoholic beverages has been consumed by humans since pre-historic times, for a variety of hygienic, dietary, medicinal, religious, and recreational reasons. While infrequent consumption of ethanol in small quantities may be harmless or even beneficial, larger doses result in a state known as drunkenness or intoxication and, depending on the dose and regularity of use, can cause acute respiratory failure or death and with ch ...

See also:

Alcohol, Alcohol - Structure, Alcohol - Primary secondary and tertiary alcohols, Alcohol - Methanol & ethanol, Alcohol - Uses, Alcohol - Sources, Alcohol - Nomenclature, Alcohol - Systematic names, Alcohol - Etymology, Alcohol - Physical and chemical properties, Alcohol - Toxicity, Alcohol - Preparation of alcohols, Alcohol - Laboratory, Alcohol - Industrial, Alcohol - Reactions of alcohols, Alcohol - Deprotonation, Alcohol - Nucleophilic substitution, Alcohol - Dehydration, Alcohol - Esterification, Alcohol - Oxidation

Read more here: » Alcohol: Encyclopedia II - Alcohol - Toxicity

Alcohol - Laboratory. Several methods exist for the preparation of alcohols in the laboratory. Primary Alkyl halides react with aqueous NaOH or KOH mainly to primary alcohols in nucleophilic aliphatic substitution. (Secondary and especially tertiary alkyl halides will give the elimination (alkene) product instead). Aldehydes or ketones are reduced with sodium borohydride or lithium aluminium hydride. (after an acidic workup) Alkenes engage in a acid catalysed hydration reaction usin ...

See also:

Alcohol, Alcohol - Structure, Alcohol - Primary secondary and tertiary alcohols, Alcohol - Methanol & ethanol, Alcohol - Uses, Alcohol - Sources, Alcohol - Nomenclature, Alcohol - Systematic names, Alcohol - Etymology, Alcohol - Physical and chemical properties, Alcohol - Toxicity, Alcohol - Preparation of alcohols, Alcohol - Laboratory, Alcohol - Industrial, Alcohol - Reactions of alcohols, Alcohol - Deprotonation, Alcohol - Nucleophilic substitution, Alcohol - Dehydration, Alcohol - Esterification, Alcohol - Oxidation

Read more here: » Alcohol: Encyclopedia II - Alcohol - Preparation of alcohols

Alcohol - Deprotonation. Alcohols can behave as weak acids, undergoing deprotonation. The deprotonation reaction to produce an alkoxide salt is either performed with a strong base such as sodium hydride or n-butyllithium, or with sodium or potassium metal. 2 R-OH + 2 NaH → 2 R-O-Na+ + H2↑ 2 R-OH + 2Na → 2R-O−Na+ e.g. 2 CH3CH2-OH + 2 Na → 2 CH3-CH ...

See also:

Alcohol, Alcohol - Structure, Alcohol - Primary secondary and tertiary alcohols, Alcohol - Methanol & ethanol, Alcohol - Uses, Alcohol - Sources, Alcohol - Nomenclature, Alcohol - Systematic names, Alcohol - Etymology, Alcohol - Physical and chemical properties, Alcohol - Toxicity, Alcohol - Preparation of alcohols, Alcohol - Laboratory, Alcohol - Industrial, Alcohol - Reactions of alcohols, Alcohol - Deprotonation, Alcohol - Nucleophilic substitution, Alcohol - Dehydration, Alcohol - Esterification, Alcohol - Oxidation

Read more here: » Alcohol: Encyclopedia II - Alcohol - Reactions of alcohols

Number theory - Early history. Number theory was a favorite study among the Ancient Greeks, who were aware of the Diophantine equation concept in numerous special cases. It revived in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, in Europe, with François Viète, Bachet de Meziriac, and especially Fermat, whose infinite descent method was the first general idea for dealing with diophantine questions. In the eighteenth century Euler and Lagrange made major contributions. Number theory - ...

See also:

Number theory, Number theory - Fields, Number theory - Elementary number theory, Number theory - Analytic number theory, Number theory - Algebraic number theory, Number theory - Geometric number theory, Number theory - Combinatorial number theory, Number theory - Computational number theory, Number theory - History, Number theory - Early history, Number theory - Beginnings of a systematic theory, Number theory - Prime number theory, Number theory - Nineteenth-century developments, Number theory - Quotations

Read more here: » Number theory: Encyclopedia II - Number theory - History

Number theory - Elementary number theory. In elementary number theory, integers are studied without use of techniques from other mathematical fields. Questions of divisibility, use the Euclidean algorithm to compute greatest common divisors, factorization of integers into prime numbers, investigation of perfect numbers and congruences belong here. Several important discoveries of this field are Fermat's little theorem, Euler's theorem, the Chinese remainder theorem and the law of quadratic reciprocity. The ...

See also:

Number theory, Number theory - Fields, Number theory - Elementary number theory, Number theory - Analytic number theory, Number theory - Algebraic number theory, Number theory - Geometric number theory, Number theory - Combinatorial number theory, Number theory - Computational number theory, Number theory - History, Number theory - Early history, Number theory - Beginnings of a systematic theory, Number theory - Prime number theory, Number theory - Nineteenth-century developments, Number theory - Quotations

Read more here: » Number theory: Encyclopedia II - Number theory - Fields

Topical preaching is when a preacher will lead the congregation to review a number of scattered, but related Biblical passages on a specific topic. Exhortatory, biographical, evangelistic, and charismatic preaching are subsets of topical preaching. Expository preaching differs from topical preaching in that it will lead preacher and congregation to concentrate on a particular Bible passage and sequentially work thr ...

See also:

Expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository preaching compared with Topical preaching, Expository preaching - Systematic exposition, Expository preaching - The Lectionary Method, Expository preaching - The Individual Choice Method, Expository preaching - Advantages and Disadvantages of Expository Preaching, Expository preaching - Prominent Expository Preachers, Expository preaching - Relative importance of expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository Preaching and the Seeker Movement, Expository preaching - Scriptural basis for exposition, Expository preaching - The expository preacher, Expository preaching - Note

Read more here: » Expository preaching: Encyclopedia II - Expository preaching - Expository preaching compared with Topical preaching

There has been some discussion among preachers of the relative importance of expository preaching. The great majority of Christians follow the conventional understanding that there are four bases for faith: the Bible, the tradition of the church, the individual's religious experience, and human reason. However the emphasis put on each of these varies between denominations and congregations. In particular, some churches give Scripture the dominant position over all other sources of religious understanding. This is most common in ...

See also:

Expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository preaching compared with Topical preaching, Expository preaching - Systematic exposition, Expository preaching - The Lectionary Method, Expository preaching - The Individual Choice Method, Expository preaching - Advantages and Disadvantages of Expository Preaching, Expository preaching - Prominent Expository Preachers, Expository preaching - Relative importance of expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository Preaching and the Seeker Movement, Expository preaching - Scriptural basis for exposition, Expository preaching - The expository preacher, Expository preaching - Note

Read more here: » Expository preaching: Encyclopedia II - Expository preaching - Relative importance of expository preaching

The seeker movement stresses the use of topical preaching in an attempt to make the Bible "relevant" to the congregation, specifically visitors with little or no recent church background. As such, expository preaching is very seldom used, and if so it may cover a book of the Bible at a very surface level (no more than 4-8 weeks total). Many verses that do not neatly fall into a topic, or where the topic (such as the Old Testament sacrificial system) is not considered "relevant" to the needs of the congregation, are thus not covered within the seeker movement. T ...

See also:

Expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository preaching compared with Topical preaching, Expository preaching - Systematic exposition, Expository preaching - The Lectionary Method, Expository preaching - The Individual Choice Method, Expository preaching - Advantages and Disadvantages of Expository Preaching, Expository preaching - Prominent Expository Preachers, Expository preaching - Relative importance of expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository Preaching and the Seeker Movement, Expository preaching - Scriptural basis for exposition, Expository preaching - The expository preacher, Expository preaching - Note

Read more here: » Expository preaching: Encyclopedia II - Expository preaching - Expository Preaching and the Seeker Movement

For those who believe that the dominant source of Christian understanding is the bible, it may seem obvious that expository preaching should be essential (though this is not the case with the seeker movement). Nonetheless the logic of their position demands that preaching itself should have a scriptural warrant. The biblical basis for expository preaching can be found in many places in the Bible. 2 Timothy 3:16-17 is perhaps the most important, for it states that Scripture is "breathed out by God", which means that the Bible is actual ...

See also:

Expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository preaching compared with Topical preaching, Expository preaching - Systematic exposition, Expository preaching - The Lectionary Method, Expository preaching - The Individual Choice Method, Expository preaching - Advantages and Disadvantages of Expository Preaching, Expository preaching - Prominent Expository Preachers, Expository preaching - Relative importance of expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository Preaching and the Seeker Movement, Expository preaching - Scriptural basis for exposition, Expository preaching - The expository preacher, Expository preaching - Note

Read more here: » Expository preaching: Encyclopedia II - Expository preaching - Scriptural basis for exposition

Expository preachers generally believe that their main duty as a pastor is the preaching of the Bible. As such, they will spend a considerable amount, if not the majority, of their time studying and understanding the text in question, as well as associated texts on the same subject, believing it to be absolutely necessary for the welfare of their congregation. While studying, they will also be praying that God will reveal to them the proper meaning of the text, and that the hearts and minds of the congregation will be changed by it (believing that they do not have ...

See also:

Expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository preaching compared with Topical preaching, Expository preaching - Systematic exposition, Expository preaching - The Lectionary Method, Expository preaching - The Individual Choice Method, Expository preaching - Advantages and Disadvantages of Expository Preaching, Expository preaching - Prominent Expository Preachers, Expository preaching - Relative importance of expository preaching, Expository preaching - Expository Preaching and the Seeker Movement, Expository preaching - Scriptural basis for exposition, Expository preaching - The expository preacher, Expository preaching - Note

Read more here: » Expository preaching: Encyclopedia II - Expository preaching - The expository preacher

Number theory - Elementary number theory. In elementary number theory, integers are studied without use of techniques from other mathematical fields. Questions of divisibility, use of the Euclidean algorithm to compute greatest common divisors, factorization of integers into prime numbers, investigation of perfect numbers and congruences belong here. Several important discoveries of this field are Fermat's little theorem, Euler's theorem, the Chinese remainder theorem and the law of quadratic reciprocity. ...

See also:

Number theory, Number theory - Fields, Number theory - Elementary number theory, Number theory - Analytic number theory, Number theory - Algebraic number theory, Number theory - Geometric number theory, Number theory - Combinatorial number theory, Number theory - Computational number theory, Number theory - History, Number theory - Early history, Number theory - Beginnings of a systematic theory, Number theory - Prime number theory, Number theory - Nineteenth-century developments, Number theory - Quotations

Read more here: » Number theory: Encyclopedia II - Number theory - Fields

Given that very simple rules often do very complex things, how do we study them? Wolfram believes it is necessary to systematically explore all of these computational systems and document what they do. He believes this study should become a new branch of science, like a physics or a chemistry. The basic goal of this field is to understand and characterize the computational universe using experimental methods. The proposed new branch of scientific exploration admits many different forms of scientific production. For instance, qualitati ...

See also:

A New Kind of Science, A New Kind of Science - Computation and its Implications, A New Kind of Science - The World of Simple Programs, A New Kind of Science - Mapping and Mining the Computational Universe, A New Kind of Science - Systematic Abstract Science, A New Kind of Science - Philosophical Underpinnings, A New Kind of Science - Applications and Results, A New Kind of Science - Reception, A New Kind of Science - Criticism of NKS, A New Kind of Science - Scientific philosophy, A New Kind of Science - Methodology, A New Kind of Science - Utility, A New Kind of Science - Specific Ideas, A New Kind of Science - Originality and Self-Image, A New Kind of Science - Response to Criticism, A New Kind of Science - Scientific Philosophy, A New Kind of Science - Methodology, A New Kind of Science - Utility, A New Kind of Science - Specific Ideas, A New Kind of Science - Originality and Self-Image

Read more here: » A New Kind of Science: Encyclopedia II - A New Kind of Science - Mapping and Mining the Computational Universe