The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one half of the autonomic nervous system; the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) is the other. Sympathetic nervous system - Function. The sympathetic nervous system activates what is often termed the "fight or flight response". This response is also known as sympathico-adrenal response of the body, as the pre-ganglionic sympathetic fibers that end in the adrenal medulla (but also all other sympathetic fibers) secrete acetylcholine, which activates t ...

Including:

• Sympathetic nervous system - Function
• Sympathetic nervous system - Organization
• Sympathetic nervous system - Information Transmission

Read more here: » Sympathetic nervous system: Encyclopedia - Sympathetic nervous system

See also:

Sympathetic nervous system, Sympathetic nervous system - Function, Sympathetic nervous system - Organization, Sympathetic nervous system - Information Transmission

Read more here: » Sympathetic nervous system: Encyclopedia II - Sympathetic nervous system - Function

The sympathetic nervous system activates what is often termed the fight or flight response. This response is also known as sympathico-adrenal response of the body, as the pre-ganglionic sympathetic fibers that end in the adrenal medulla (but also all other sympathetic fibers) secrete acetylcholine, which activates the secretion of adrenaline (epinephrine) and to a lesser extent norepinephrine from it. Therefore, this response that acts primarily on the cardiovascular system is mediated directly via impulses transmitted through the sympathetic nervous system and indirectl ...

See also:

Sympathetic nervous system, Sympathetic nervous system - Function, Sympathetic nervous system - Organization, Sympathetic nervous system - Information transmission

Read more here: » Sympathetic nervous system: Encyclopedia II - Sympathetic nervous system - Function

The sympathetic nerves emerge near the spinal cord, inside the vertebral column, travelling along the path of the nerve roots. After a few twists and turns, sympathetic nerves branch off and travel into major organs, glands, and other groupings of nerves (called ganglia). [1] Its cells originate toward the middle of the spinal cord in the intermediolateral cell column (or lateral horn), beginning with cells in the first thoracic segment of the spinal cord and extending into the second or third lumbar segments. Because its cells begin ...

See also:

Sympathetic nervous system, Sympathetic nervous system - Function, Sympathetic nervous system - Organization, Sympathetic nervous system - Information transmission

Read more here: » Sympathetic nervous system: Encyclopedia II - Sympathetic nervous system - Organization

The autonomic nervous system is the part of the nervous system of the higher life forms that is not consciously controlled. It is commonly divided into two usually antagonistic subsystems: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system controls such vital functions as heart rate, dilation of the bronchioles and dilation and constriction of the pupil; the digestive tract is controlled almost completely by autonomic mechanisms. Autonomic nervous system - Nomenclature. ...

Including:

• Autonomic nervous system - Nomenclature
• Autonomic nervous system - Function
• Autonomic nervous system - Individual components
• Autonomic nervous system - The Cranial Sympathetics
• Autonomic nervous system - Connections with the Spinal Nerves
• Autonomic nervous system - Development

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The word sympathetic means different things in different contexts. In neurology, the sympathetic nervous system is a part of the autonomic nervous system. In music theory, sympathetic strings are strings on a musical instrument that resonate on their own. In psychology, sympathy is a feeling of compassion or identification with another. Other related archivesautonomic nervous system, music theory, musical instrument, neurology, psychology, resonate, sympa

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An autonomic ganglion is a collection of neuron cell bodies within the autonomic nervous system. Autonomic ganglion - Sympathetic ganglia. Ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system deliver information to the body about stress and impending danger, and evokes the familiar fight-or-flight response when activated. Autonomic ganglion - Sympathetic chain ganglia. The sympathetic chain ganglia are located just anterior to the spinal cord. Preganglionic nerves from the central n ...

Including:

• Autonomic ganglion - Sympathetic ganglia
• Autonomic ganglion - Sympathetic chain ganglia
• Autonomic ganglion - Collateral ganglia
• Autonomic ganglion - Parasympathetic ganglia
• Autonomic ganglion - Terminal ganglia

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Catecholamines are chemical compounds derived from the amino acid tyrosine that act as hormones or neurotransmitters. They are examples of phenethylamines. Catecholamines are soluble, and so they can circulate dissolved in blood. The most abundant catecholamines are epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and dopamine. They are produced mainly from the adrenal medulla and the postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system. Adrenaline acts as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and a ...

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Anhidrosis means lack of sweating. Anhidrosis - Causes. It may be caused by underactivity of the sympathetic nervous system. Eccrine sweat glands are innervated via muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Hence antimuscarinic drugs cause anhidrosis. Horner's syndrome See also. Horner's syndrome ...

Including:

• Anhidrosis - Causes

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Acute stress reaction is a psychological condition arising in response to a terrifying event. "Acute Stress Response", was first described by Walter Cannon in the 1920s as a theory that animals react to threats with a general discharge of the sympathetic nervous system. The response was later recognized as the first stage of a general adaptation syndrome that regulates stress responses among vertebrates and other organisms. The onset of a stress response is associated with specific physiological actions in the sympatheti ...

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Chromaffin cells are neuroendocrine cells found in the medulla of the adrenal gland and in other ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They are derived from the embryonic neural crest. These cells are so-named because they can be visualized by staining with chromium salts. Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla are innervated by the splanchnic nerve and secrete adrenaline, noradrenaline, and enkephalin into the bloodstream. As such, they p ...

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A stimulant is a drug that increases the activity of the sympathetic nervous system and produces a sense of euphoria or the feeling of being more awake. Stimulants can be used as recreational drugs or therapeutic drugs to increase alertness. They are also used and sometimes abused to boost endurance and productivity as well as to suppress appetite. Examples of stimulants are caffeine, amphetamines, ecstasy and cocaine. Amphetamines are synthetic stimulants. They were first discovered in the 1800s, but their medical uses were no ...

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The nervous system of an animal coordinates the activity of the muscles, monitors the organs, constructs and processes input from the senses, and initiates actions. Prominent participants in a nervous system include neurons and nerves which play roles in such coordination. In animals without brains, the nervous system does not generate or conduct thoughts and emotions. Thus it is the system that animates "animals" (sponges are an exception). Chemicals that target the activity of nerves generally are the most rapidly act ...

Including:

• Nervous system - Vertebrate nervous systems
• Nervous system - Metabolism of the nervous system

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The chemical compound acetylcholine, often abbreviated as ACh, was the first neurotransmitter to be identified. It is a chemical transmitter in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) in many organisms including humans. Acetylcholine - Chemistry. Acetylcholine is an ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3COOCH2CH2N+(CH3) ...

Including:

• Acetylcholine - Chemistry
• Acetylcholine - Release sites
• Acetylcholine - Pharmacology
• Acetylcholine - Sources

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An erection of the penis occurs when engorgement of venous blood in two tubular structures at the bottom of the penis, the corpora cavernosa, results from a variety of stimuli. The corpus spongiosum is a single tubular structure located just above the corpora carvernonosa, and contains the male urethra, through which urine and semen pass during urination and ejaculation, respectively. This may also become slightly engorged with blood, but less so than the corpora cavernosa. Penile erection usually results from sexual sti ...

Including:

• Erection - Mechanism
• Erection - Dysfunction
• Erection - Concealment
• Erection - Culture
• Erection - Slang
• Erection - Bibliography

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sympathetic nervous system

1.    Nervous system influenced by soul mind in charge of instinct, automation, involuntary functions and the memory bank of past incarnations.

2.    Controller of the fight-or flight system and the activity of the sweat glands that shows the individuals degree of excitement or calmness by activating chemicals and processes in the fight-or-flight system

(See also: Sympathetic nervous system, Body Mind and Soul)

The cranial sympathetics include sympathetic efferent fibers in the oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves, as well as sympathetic afferent in the last three nerves. The Sympathetic Efferent Fibers of the Oculomotor Nerve probably arise from cells in the anterior part of the oculomotor nucleus which is located in the tegmentum of the mid-brain. These preganglionic fibers run with the third nerve into the orbit and pass to the ciliary ganglion where they terminate by forming synapses with sympathetic motor neurons whose ...

See also:

Autonomic nervous system, Autonomic nervous system - Nomenclature, Autonomic nervous system - Function, Autonomic nervous system - Individual components, Autonomic nervous system - The Cranial Sympathetics, Autonomic nervous system - Connections with the Spinal Nerves, Autonomic nervous system - Development

Read more here: » Autonomic nervous system: Encyclopedia II - Autonomic nervous system - The Cranial Sympathetics

The autonomic nervous system regulates bodily functions and the activity of specific organs. For example, the ANS plays a role in narrowing (constricting) and widening (dilating) blood vessels; increasing heart rate and the force of contraction in the heart's beating action. Another example is how the ANS controls constriction and dilation of airways (bronchioles) in the lungs. The ANS plays a role in many important physiological processes. A partial list includes: digestion, respiration, perspiration, constriction and dilation of the pupils, relaxation and contraction of the bowels and sphincters, erection and ejacul ...

See also:

Autonomic nervous system, Autonomic nervous system - Nomenclature, Autonomic nervous system - Function, Autonomic nervous system - Individual components, Autonomic nervous system - The Cranial Sympathetics, Autonomic nervous system - Connections with the Spinal Nerves, Autonomic nervous system - Development

Read more here: » Autonomic nervous system: Encyclopedia II - Autonomic nervous system - Function

Ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system deliver information to the body about stress and impending danger, and evokes the familiar fight-or-flight response when activated. Autonomic ganglion - Sympathetic chain ganglia. The sympathetic chain ganglia are located just anterior to the spinal cord. Preganglionic nerves from the central nervous system synapse at one of the chain ganglia and the postganglionic fiber extends to an effector, typically a visceral organ in the thoracic cavity. ...

See also:

Autonomic ganglion, Autonomic ganglion - Sympathetic ganglia, Autonomic ganglion - Sympathetic chain ganglia, Autonomic ganglion - Collateral ganglia, Autonomic ganglion - Parasympathetic ganglia, Autonomic ganglion - Terminal ganglia

Read more here: » Autonomic ganglion: Encyclopedia II - Autonomic ganglion - Sympathetic ganglia

The mechanism of mydriasis depends on the agent being used. It will usually involve either a disruption of the parasympathetic nerve supply to the eye (which causes contraction of the pupil), or over-activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Atropine blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Acetylcholine (ACh) is the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system and blocking its a ...

See also:

Mydriasis, Mydriasis - Mechanism, Mydriasis - Mydriatics

Read more here: » Mydriasis: Encyclopedia II - Mydriasis - Mechanism