In some Christian churches, an acolyte is one who wishes to attain clergyhood. More generally, the term can refer to anyone who performs ceremonial duties such as lighting altar-candles. Acolyte - Roman Catholicism. Until the Second Vatican Council, the acolyte was the highest of the minor orders, having as duties the lighting of the altar-candles, carrying the candles in procession, assisting the subdeacon and deacon, and the ministering of water and wine to the priest at Mass. Acolytes wore ...

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Acolyte - Roman Catholicism Acolyte - Anglican Tradition Acolyte - Eastern Orthodoxy Acolyte - Fiction

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A procession (M. Eng., processioun, Fr., procession, Lat., processio, from procedere, to go forth, advance, proceed) is, in general, an organized body of people advancing in a formal or ceremonial manner. This definition covers a wide variety of such progresses: the medieval pageants, of which the Lord Mayors show in London is the most conspicuous survival; the processions connected with royal coronations and with court ceremonies generally; the processions of friendly societies, so popular in Great Britain ...

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An exorcist is a person who performs exorcism, the driving off of demons or other supernatural beings who have possessed a person, or (sometimes) a building or other object. Exorcist - Exorcists in various religions. Exorcist - Catholicism. Since the Council of Trent, "Exorcist" was one of the three minor orders in the ministry Roman Catholic Church, received after Porter. At the time this order was formally defined, its role was confined exclusively to perform exorcism of the c ...

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Exorcist - Exorcists in various religions
Exorcist - Catholicism Exorcist - Islam Exorcist - Messianic Judaism

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A priest or priestess is a holy man or woman who takes an officiating role in worship of any religion, with the distinguishing characteristic of offering sacrifices. Priests have been known since the earliest times and in the simplest societies (see shaman and oracle). There are priests in some branches of Christianity, Shintoism, Buddhism, Hinduism, and many others, though each culture has a local denomination for the priestly office. Priests are generally regarded as having good contact with the deities of the religion ...

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Priest - In Judaism Priest - In Christianity
Priest - Catholic & Orthodox Priest - Protestant Priest - Anglican Communion Priest - Quaker
Priest - Dress

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An altar server is a lay assistant to a member of the clergy during a religious service. Altar servers attend to supporting tasks at the altar such as fetching and carrying, ringing a bell etc. An altar server usually has no formal training and holds no formal religious position. Altar server - Roman Catholic altar servers. In the Roman Catholic Church, altar servers help the priest and deacon during the liturgy, especially the Mass. They have several supporting duties to carry out, such as c ...

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Altar server - Roman Catholic altar servers Altar server - Other Churches

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With the accession of the new queen, many Marian exiles hoped for further reform upon their return to England and for the final removal of vestments from mandatory church use. The new queen, however, sought unity with her first parliament in 1559 and did not want to encourage nonconformity. Under her Act of Uniformity, backed by the Act of Supremacy, the 1552 Prayer Book was to be the model for ecclesiastical use but with an even more conservative stance on vestments that went back to the second year of Edward VI's reign. The alb, cope, and ...

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Vestments controversy, Vestments controversy - The controversy during the reign of Edward VI, Vestments controversy - The Hooper–Ridley debate, Vestments controversy - The outcome of the Edwardian controversy, Vestments controversy - Vestments among the Marian exiles, Vestments controversy - The controversy during the reign of Elizabeth I, Vestments controversy - Reactions of protest in 1566, Vestments controversy - The emergence of separatism and Presbyterianism, Vestments controversy - Sources, Vestments controversy - Primary, Vestments controversy - Secondary

Read more here: » Vestments controversy: Encyclopedia II - Vestments controversy - The controversy during the reign of Elizabeth I

The Declaration stated broad principles, but did little or nothing to establish a form of government. For the time, the National Constituent Assembly, its membership drawn from the States General, functioned as a legislature, but that provided no model as to how to select a future government. Would it have a unicameral or a bicameral legislature? What powers should remain to the king? How often should elections take place (and precisely which offices should be elective)? In the event, the Assembly invested all significant powers in it ...

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French Revolution from the abolition of feudalism to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, French Revolution from the abolition of feudalism to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy - Background, French Revolution from the abolition of feudalism to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy - The abolition of feudalism, French Revolution from the abolition of feudalism to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy - The Declaration of the Rights of Man, French Revolution from the abolition of feudalism to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy - Towards a constitution, French Revolution from the abolition of feudalism to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy - Toward the Civil Constitution of the Clergy

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The diaconate is one of the three ordained offices in the Roman Catholic, Anglican, Eastern Orthodox, and Oriental Orthodox churches. The other two offices are those of priest and of bishop. In Roman Catholic, Anglican, and Orthodox churches, deacons assist priests in their pastoral and administrative duties, but report directly to the bishop. They have a distinctive role in the liturgy, their main tasks being to read the Gospel and assist in the ...

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Deacon, Deacon - Roman Catholicism Eastern Orthodoxy & Anglicanism, Deacon - Anglican, Deacon - Eastern Orthodoxy, Deacon - Roman Catholicism, Deacon - Lutheran Church Missouri Synod, Deacon - Protestantism, Deacon - Mormonism, Deacon - Church of Christ, Deacon - References Church of Christ, Deacon - Cognates, Deacon - Scots usage

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In the Roman Catholic Church, the reader is known in Latin as a lector and is not permitted to read the Gospel during the Mass. The reading of the Gospel is reserved specifically to the deacon, or in the absence of a deacon, to the priest. The function of proclaiming the readings is ministerial, not presidential, and therefore should, if at all possible, be exercised by individuals other than the presider. (Presidential referring to acts to be performed by the presider, ministerial referring to duties p ...

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Reader minor orders, Reader minor orders - Roman Catholicism, Reader minor orders - Orthodoxy, Reader minor orders - Anglicanism

Read more here: » Reader minor orders: Encyclopedia II - Reader minor orders - Roman Catholicism

The cassock, also known as a soutane, comes in a number of styles, though no particular symbolism attaches to these. A Roman cassock has thirty-three buttons (symbolic of the years of the life of Jesus) down the front; a French cassock has fewer front buttons, but buttons sewn to the sleeves after the manner of a suit, and a broader skirt. A Jesuit cassock has a fly fastened with hooks. An Anglican cassock is often double breasted (then more correctly called a "sarum"), fastening at the shoulders on the opposing side of the breast. Th ...

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Cassock, Cassock - Western practice Roman and Anglican, Cassock - Eastern practice Orthodox, Cassock - Non-clerical sixteenth century jacket

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In the Roman Catholic Church, altar servers help the priest and deacon during the liturgy, especially the Mass. They have several supporting duties to carry out, such as carrying the processional cross and candles, carry the incense and thurible, holding the missal for the priest celebrant when he is not at the altar, assisting the priest when he receives the gifts from the people, washing the hands of the priest before the prayer over the gifts, removing items from the altar during communion, and assisting the priest celebrant and the deacon as necessary. ...

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Altar server, Altar server - Roman Catholic altar servers, Altar server - Other Churches

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Academic dress - The gown. The modern gown is derived from the roba worn under the cappa clausa, a garment resembling a long black cape. In early medieval times, all students at the universities were in at least minor orders, and were required to wear the cappa or other clerical dress, and restricted to clothes of black or other dark colour. The gowns most commonly worn, that of the Bachelor of Arts (BA) and Master of Arts (MA), are substantially the same throughout the English-speakin ...

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Academic dress, Academic dress - British academic dress, Academic dress - The gown, Academic dress - Dress and Undress, Academic dress - The cap, Academic dress - The hood, Academic dress - United States, Academic dress - Opposition to academic attire, Academic dress - Inter-Collegiate colors

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The diaconate is one of the three ordained offices in the Roman Catholic, Anglican, Eastern Orthodox, and Oriental Orthodox churches. The other two offices are those of priest and of bishop. In Roman Catholic, Anglican, and Orthodox churches, deacons assist priests in their pastoral and administrative duties, but report directly to the bishop. They have a distinctive role in the liturgy, their main tasks being to read the Gospel and assist in the ...

See also:

Deacon, Deacon - Roman Catholicism Eastern Orthodoxy & Anglicanism, Deacon - Anglican, Deacon - Eastern Orthodoxy, Deacon - Roman Catholicism, Deacon - Protestantism, Deacon - Mormonism, Deacon - Church of Christ, Deacon - References Church of Christ, Deacon - Cognates

Read more here: » Deacon: Encyclopedia II - Deacon - Roman Catholicism Eastern Orthodoxy & Anglicanism

In the Christian context, some confusion is caused for English speakers by two different Greek words traditionally translated as priest. Both occur in the New Testament, which draws a distinction not always observed in English. The first, presbyteros (πρεσβυτερος), Latin presbyter, is traditionally translated priest and the English word priest is indeed etymologically derived from this word; literally, it means elder, and is used in neutral and non-religious contexts in Gr ...

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Priest, Priest - In Judaism, Priest - In Christianity, Priest - Catholic & Orthodox, Priest - Protestant, Priest - Anglican Communion, Priest - Quaker, Priest - Dress

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The diaconate is also an office in many Protestant denominations. In United Methodism, it is one of two ordained clergy offices, the other being that of Elder. Deacons are ordained to Word and Service and assist Elders (who are ordained to Word, Sacrament, and Order) in equipping the saints for ministry. Deacons are also appointed or elected in other Protestant denominations, though this is less commonly seen as a step towards the Ministry. The role of deacon in these denominations varies a great deal from denomination to denom ...

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Deacon, Deacon - Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, & Anglicanism, Deacon - Anglican, Deacon - Eastern Orthodoxy, Deacon - Roman Catholicism, Deacon - Protestantism, Deacon - Mormonism, Deacon - Church of Christ, Deacon - References Church of Christ, Deacon - Cognates

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The role of deacons in this church is also widely varied. Generally they are put in control of various programs of a congregation. They are servants, as the etymology indicates, of the church. They are under the subjection of the elders, as is the rest of the congregation. Their qualifications are found in the New Testament, in 1 Timothy 3:8-13 (Waddey, John; et al. (1981). The title deacon is becoming obsolete, as many churches are adopting other functional terms such as ministry leaders or team leaders. "Deacon" as a title, has beco ...

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Deacon, Deacon - Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, & Anglicanism, Deacon - Anglican, Deacon - Eastern Orthodoxy, Deacon - Roman Catholicism, Deacon - Protestantism, Deacon - Mormonism, Deacon - Church of Christ, Deacon - References Church of Christ, Deacon - Cognates

Read more here: » Deacon: Encyclopedia II - Deacon - Church of Christ

The diaconate is one of the three ordained offices in the Roman Catholic, Anglican, Eastern Orthodox, and Oriental Orthodox churches. The other two offices are those of priest and of bishop. In Roman Catholic, Anglican, and Orthodox churches, deacons assist priests in their pastoral and administrative duties, but report directly to the bishop. They have a distinctive role in the liturgy, their main tasks being to read the Gospel and assist in th ...

See also:

Deacon, Deacon - Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, & Anglicanism, Deacon - Anglican, Deacon - Eastern Orthodoxy, Deacon - Roman Catholicism, Deacon - Protestantism, Deacon - Mormonism, Deacon - Church of Christ, Deacon - References Church of Christ, Deacon - Cognates

Read more here: » Deacon: Encyclopedia II - Deacon - Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, & Anglicanism

Vestments controversy - Primary. Digital facsimiles of many of the primary sources listed in this entry can be accessed through Early English Books Online (EEBO). John Hooper "Ex libro D. Hoperi, Reg. Consiliarijs ab ipso. exhibiti. 3. octobr. 1550. contra vsum vestium quibis in sacro Ministerio vitur Ecclesia Anglicana. quem librum sic orditur". Text printed in C. Hopf, "Bishop Hooper's 'Notes' to the King's Council", Journal of Theological Studies 44 (January–April, 1943): 194–99. ...

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Vestments controversy, Vestments controversy - The controversy during the reign of Edward VI, Vestments controversy - The Hooper–Ridley debate, Vestments controversy - The outcome of the Edwardian controversy, Vestments controversy - Vestments among the Marian exiles, Vestments controversy - The controversy during the reign of Elizabeth I, Vestments controversy - Reactions of protest in 1566, Vestments controversy - The emergence of separatism and Presbyterianism, Vestments controversy - Sources, Vestments controversy - Primary, Vestments controversy - Secondary

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In the summer and fall of 1566, conformists and nonconformists exchanged letters with continental reformers. The nonconformists looked to Geneva for support, but no real opportunity for change was coming, and the anti-vestments faction of the emerging Puritan element split into separatist and anti-separate wings. Public debate turned into more and less furtive acts of direct disobedience, with the exception of a brief recurrence of the original issue in communications between Horn and Bullinger, Jerome Zanc ...

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Vestments controversy, Vestments controversy - The controversy during the reign of Edward VI, Vestments controversy - The Hooper–Ridley debate, Vestments controversy - The outcome of the Edwardian controversy, Vestments controversy - Vestments among the Marian exiles, Vestments controversy - The controversy during the reign of Elizabeth I, Vestments controversy - Reactions of protest in 1566, Vestments controversy - The emergence of separatism and Presbyterianism, Vestments controversy - Sources, Vestments controversy - Primary, Vestments controversy - Secondary

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In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Reader (in Greek, anagnostis) is the second highest of the minor orders of clergy. This order is higher than the Doorkeeper (now largely obsolete) and lower than the subdeacon. The reader's essential role is to read the Old Testament and Epistle lessons during the Divine Liturgy and other services, as well as to chant the Psalms and the verses of certain antiphons. There is a special service for the tonsuring of a reader, although in contemporary practice an layman may receive the priest's blessing ...

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Reader minor orders, Reader minor orders - Roman Catholicism, Reader minor orders - Orthodoxy, Reader minor orders - Anglicanism

Read more here: » Reader minor orders: Encyclopedia II - Reader minor orders - Orthodoxy

The role of deacons in this church is also widely varied. Generally they are put in control of various programs of a congregation. They are servants, as the etymology indicates, of the church. They are under the subjection of the elders, as is the rest of the congregation. Their qualifications are found in the New Testament, in 1 Timothy 3:8-13 (Waddey, John; et al. (1981). The title deacon is becoming obsolete, as many churches are adopting other functional terms such as ministry leaders or team leaders. "Deacon" as a title, has beco ...

See also:

Deacon, Deacon - Roman Catholicism Eastern Orthodoxy & Anglicanism, Deacon - Anglican, Deacon - Eastern Orthodoxy, Deacon - Roman Catholicism, Deacon - Lutheran Church Missouri Synod, Deacon - Protestantism, Deacon - Mormonism, Deacon - Church of Christ, Deacon - References Church of Christ, Deacon - Cognates, Deacon - Scots usage

Read more here: » Deacon: Encyclopedia II - Deacon - Church of Christ