Strategic planning

Strategic planning consists of the process of developing strategies to reach a defined objective. As we label a piece of planning "strategic" we expect it to operate on the grand scale and to take in "the big picture" (in contradistinction to "tactical" planning, which by definition has to focus more on the tactics of individual detailed activities). "Long range" planning typically projects current activities and programs into a revised view of the external world, thereby describing results that will most likely occur (whether the pla ...

Including:

• Strategic planning - Methodologies
• Strategic planning - Goals objectives and targets
• Strategic planning - Mission statements and vision statements
• Strategic planning - Why strategic plans fail

Read more here: » Strategic planning: Encyclopedia - Strategic planning

Most strategic planning methodologies depend on a three-step process (sometimes called the STP process): Situation - evaluate the current situation and how it came about Target - define goals and/or objectives (sometimes called ideal state) Path - map a possible route to the goals/objectives An alternative approach, although equally effective is called Draw-See-Think Draw - what is the ideal image or the desired end state? See - what is today's situation? What is the g ...

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Strategic planning, Strategic planning - Methodologies, Strategic planning - Goals objectives and targets, Strategic planning - Mission statements and vision statements, Strategic planning - Why strategic plans fail

Read more here: » Strategic planning: Encyclopedia II - Strategic planning - Methodologies

A business model (also called a business design) is the mechanism by which a business intends to generate revenue and profits. It is a summary of how a company plans to serve its customers. It involves both strategy and implementation. It is the totality of how a business: Selects its customers Defines and differentiates its product offerings Creates utility for its customers Acquires and keeps customers Goes to the market (promotion strategy and distribution strategy) Defines the tasks to be performed Con ...

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• Business model - Types of business models
• Business model - Related topics

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Strategic management is the process of specifying an organization's objectives, developing policies and plans to achieve these objectives, and allocating resources so as to implement the plans. It is the highest level of managerial activity, usually performed by the company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and executive team. It provides overall direction to the whole enterprise. An organization’s strategy must be appropriate for its resources, circumstances, and objectives. The process involves matching the companies' strategic adva ...

Including:

• Strategic management - General Approaches
• Strategic management - The strategy hierarchy
• Strategic management - Historical development of strategic management
• Strategic management - Birth of strategic management
• Strategic management - Headline text
• Strategic management - Growth and portfolio theory
• Strategic management - The marketing revolution
• Strategic management - The Japanese challenge
• Strategic management - Gaining competitive advantage
• Strategic management - The military theorists
• Strategic management - Strategic change
• Strategic management - Information and technology driven strategy
• Strategic management - The psychology of strategic management
• Strategic management - Teaching strategic management
• Strategic management - Reasons why strategic plans fail
• Strategic management - Criticisms of strategic management
• Strategic management - Journals devoted primarily to strategic management
• Strategic management - Magazines that frequently contain strategic management articles
• Strategic management - Web sites with significant strategic management content
• Strategic management - Lists of related topics

Read more here: » Strategic management: Encyclopedia - Strategic management

Generally, the business models of service firms are more complex than those of manufacturers and resellers. The oldest and most basic business model is the shop keeper model. This involves setting up a store in a location where potential customers are likely to be and displaying a product or service. Over the years, business models have become much more sophisticated. The bait and hook business model (also referred to as the "razor and blades business model" or the "tied products business model") was introduced in the early 20t ...

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Business model, Business model - Types of business models, Business model - Related topics

Read more here: » Business model: Encyclopedia II - Business model - Types of business models

Generally, the business models of service firms are more complex than those of manufacturers and resellers. The oldest and most basic business model is the shop keeper model. This involves setting up a store in a location where potential customers are likely to be and displaying a product or service. A business model is a description of how an organization functions, a general template that describes its major activities. It identifies the firm’s customers and the products and services it offers. A model also provides information ab ...

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Business model, Business model - Types of business models

Read more here: » Business model: Encyclopedia II - Business model - Types of business models

Strategic management - Growth and portfolio theory. In the 1970s much of strategic management dealt with size, growth, and portfolio theory. The PIMS study was a long term study, started in the 1960s and lasted for 19 years, that attempted to understand the Profit Impact of Marketing Strategies (PIMS), particularly the effect of market share. Started at General Electric, moved to Harvard in the early 1970s, and then moved to the Strategic Planning Institute in the late 1970s, it now contains decades of informatio ...

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Strategic management, Strategic management - General Approaches, Strategic management - The strategy hierarchy, Strategic management - Historical development of strategic management, Strategic management - Birth of strategic management, Strategic management - Headline text, Strategic management - Growth and portfolio theory, Strategic management - The marketing revolution, Strategic management - The Japanese challenge, Strategic management - Gaining competitive advantage, Strategic management - The military theorists, Strategic management - Strategic change, Strategic management - Information and technology driven strategy, Strategic management - The psychology of strategic management, Strategic management - Teaching strategic management, Strategic management - Reasons why strategic plans fail, Strategic management - Criticisms of strategic management, Strategic management - Journals devoted primarily to strategic management, Strategic management - Magazines that frequently contain strategic management articles, Strategic management - Web sites with significant strategic management content, Strategic management - Lists of related topics

Read more here: » Strategic management: Encyclopedia II - Strategic management - Headline text

In most (large) corporations there are several levels of strategy. Strategic management is the highest in the sense that it is the broadest, applying to all parts of the firm. It gives direction to corporate values, corporate culture, corporate goals, and corporate missions. Under this broad corporate strategy there are often functional or business unit strategies. Functional strategies include marketing strategies, new product development strategies, human resource strategies, financial strategies, legal strategies, and inform ...

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Strategic management, Strategic management - General Approaches, Strategic management - The strategy hierarchy, Strategic management - Historical development of strategic management, Strategic management - Birth of strategic management, Strategic management - Headline text, Strategic management - Growth and portfolio theory, Strategic management - The marketing revolution, Strategic management - The Japanese challenge, Strategic management - Gaining competitive advantage, Strategic management - The military theorists, Strategic management - Strategic change, Strategic management - Information and technology driven strategy, Strategic management - The psychology of strategic management, Strategic management - Teaching strategic management, Strategic management - Reasons why strategic plans fail, Strategic management - Criticisms of strategic management, Strategic management - Journals devoted primarily to strategic management, Strategic management - Magazines that frequently contain strategic management articles, Strategic management - Web sites with significant strategic management content, Strategic management - Lists of related topics

Read more here: » Strategic management: Encyclopedia II - Strategic management - The strategy hierarchy

In general terms, there are two main approaches, which are opposite but complement each other in some ways, to strategic management: The Industrial Organization Approach based on economic theory — deals with issues like competitive rivalry, resource allocation, economies of scale Assumptions: rationality, self descipline behaviour, profit maximization The Sociological Approach deals primarily with human interactions Assumptions: bounded rationality, satisfying behaviour, profit sub-optimality. An example of a company th ...

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Strategic management, Strategic management - General Approaches, Strategic management - The strategy hierarchy, Strategic management - Historical development of strategic management, Strategic management - Birth of strategic management, Strategic management - Headline text, Strategic management - Growth and portfolio theory, Strategic management - The marketing revolution, Strategic management - The Japanese challenge, Strategic management - Gaining competitive advantage, Strategic management - The military theorists, Strategic management - Strategic change, Strategic management - Information and technology driven strategy, Strategic management - The psychology of strategic management, Strategic management - Teaching strategic management, Strategic management - Reasons why strategic plans fail, Strategic management - Criticisms of strategic management, Strategic management - Journals devoted primarily to strategic management, Strategic management - Magazines that frequently contain strategic management articles, Strategic management - Web sites with significant strategic management content, Strategic management - Lists of related topics

Read more here: » Strategic management: Encyclopedia II - Strategic management - General Approaches

This article focuses on approaches in artificial intelligence on the problem of automated planning and scheduling. It concerns the realisation of strategies or action sequences, typically for execution by intelligent agents, autonomous robots and unmanned vehicles. Unlike classical control and classification problems, the solutions are complex, unknown and have to be discovered and optimised in multidimensional space. In known environments with available models planning can be done offline. Solutions can be found and evaluated ...

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• Automated planning and scheduling - Related topics

Read more here: » Automated planning and scheduling: Encyclopedia - Automated planning and scheduling

A Solutions Provider is any company or people that provides solutions associated with a product or a final service to the client. The final service may also come with some product that may or may not be provided by the same company or people. For example, a doctor may provide solutions to his clients (patients); in this case it is a service, with some products (such as drugs) not provided by the doctor directly. However, the term "Solutions Provider" is more often used to refer to a company that provides a business solut ...

Including:

• Solutions provider - Independent Solutions Provider
• Solutions provider - Why the use of ISP is important
• Solutions provider - How to identify an ISP
• Solutions provider - The service provided by an ISP
• Solutions provider - Example of ISP Companies
• Solutions provider - Example of open and free ISP initiatives

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In general terms, there are two main approaches, which are opposite but complement each other in some ways, to strategic management: The Industrial Organization Approach based on economic theory — deals with issues like competitive rivalry, resource allocation, economies of scale Assumptions: rationality, self descipline behaviour, profit maximization The Sociological Approach deals primarily with human interactions Assumptions: bounded rationality, sati ...

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Strategic management, Strategic management - General Approaches, Strategic management - The strategy hierarchy, Strategic management - Historical development of strategic management, Strategic management - Birth of strategic management, Strategic management - Headline text, Strategic management - Growth and portfolio theory, Strategic management - The marketing revolution, Strategic management - The Japanese challenge, Strategic management - Gaining competitive advantage, Strategic management - The military theorists, Strategic management - Strategic change, Strategic management - Information and technology driven strategy, Strategic management - The psychology of strategic management, Strategic management - Teaching strategic management, Strategic management - Reasons why strategic plans fail, Strategic management - Criticisms of strategic management, Strategic management - Journals devoted primarily to strategic management, Strategic management - Magazines that frequently contain strategic management articles, Strategic management - Web sites with significant strategic management content, Strategic management - Lists of related topics

Read more here: » Strategic management: Encyclopedia II - Strategic management - General Approaches

Several psychologists have conducted studies to determine the psychological patterns involved in strategic management. Typically senior managers have been asked how they go about making strategic decisions. An early treatise by Chester Barnard (Barnard, C. 1938), that was based on his own experience as a business executive, sees the process as informal, intuitive, non-routinized, and involving primarily oral, 2-way communications. Bernard says “The process is the sensing of the organization as a whole and the total situation relevant to it ...

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Strategic management, Strategic management - General Approaches, Strategic management - The strategy hierarchy, Strategic management - Historical development of strategic management, Strategic management - Birth of strategic management, Strategic management - Headline text, Strategic management - Growth and portfolio theory, Strategic management - The marketing revolution, Strategic management - The Japanese challenge, Strategic management - Gaining competitive advantage, Strategic management - The military theorists, Strategic management - Strategic change, Strategic management - Information and technology driven strategy, Strategic management - The psychology of strategic management, Strategic management - Teaching strategic management, Strategic management - Reasons why strategic plans fail, Strategic management - Criticisms of strategic management, Strategic management - Journals devoted primarily to strategic management, Strategic management - Magazines that frequently contain strategic management articles, Strategic management - Web sites with significant strategic management content, Strategic management - Lists of related topics

Read more here: » Strategic management: Encyclopedia II - Strategic management - The psychology of strategic management

Artificial intelligence (AI) is defined as intelligence exhibited by an artificial entity. Such a system is generally assumed to be a computer. Although AI has a strong science fiction connotation, it forms a vital branch of computer science, dealing with intelligent behavior, learning and adaptation in machines. Research in AI is concerned with producing machines to automate tasks requiring intelligent behavior. Examples include control, planning and scheduling, the ability to answer diagnostic and consumer questions, h ...

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• Artificial intelligence - Schools of thought
• Artificial intelligence - History
• Artificial intelligence - Philosophy
• Artificial intelligence - Science fiction
• Artificial intelligence - Links to researchers projects & institutions

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The nebulous nature of the strategic management process has caused problems for universities. How do you teach “intuition”? Should we even try to teach strategy in this way? The response has been to offer two types of MBA degrees: the executive MBA, and the academic MBA. The academic MBA typically requires candidates to have an undergrad background in stats and calculus, and a satisfactory score on a GMAT. Analytical and strategic techniques are taught together in an comprehensive system of study. The executive MBA, on the other hand, ty ...

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Strategic management, Strategic management - General Approaches, Strategic management - The strategy hierarchy, Strategic management - Historical development of strategic management, Strategic management - Birth of strategic management, Strategic management - Headline text, Strategic management - Growth and portfolio theory, Strategic management - The marketing revolution, Strategic management - The Japanese challenge, Strategic management - Gaining competitive advantage, Strategic management - The military theorists, Strategic management - Strategic change, Strategic management - Information and technology driven strategy, Strategic management - The psychology of strategic management, Strategic management - Teaching strategic management, Strategic management - Reasons why strategic plans fail, Strategic management - Criticisms of strategic management, Strategic management - Journals devoted primarily to strategic management, Strategic management - Magazines that frequently contain strategic management articles, Strategic management - Web sites with significant strategic management content, Strategic management - Lists of related topics

Read more here: » Strategic management: Encyclopedia II - Strategic management - Teaching strategic management

Although a sense of direction is important, it can also stiffle creativity, especially if it is rigidly enforced. In an uncertain and ambiguous world, fluidity can be more important than a strategic compass. When a strategy becomes internalized into a corporate culture, it can lead to group think. It can also cause an organization to define itself too narrowly. An example of this is marketing myopia. Most theories of strategic management seem to have a lifespan less than that of the latest teen music idol. Many critics claim that this ...

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Strategic management, Strategic management - General Approaches, Strategic management - The strategy hierarchy, Strategic management - Historical development of strategic management, Strategic management - Birth of strategic management, Strategic management - Headline text, Strategic management - Growth and portfolio theory, Strategic management - The marketing revolution, Strategic management - The Japanese challenge, Strategic management - Gaining competitive advantage, Strategic management - The military theorists, Strategic management - Strategic change, Strategic management - Information and technology driven strategy, Strategic management - The psychology of strategic management, Strategic management - Teaching strategic management, Strategic management - Reasons why strategic plans fail, Strategic management - Criticisms of strategic management, Strategic management - Journals devoted primarily to strategic management, Strategic management - Magazines that frequently contain strategic management articles, Strategic management - Web sites with significant strategic management content, Strategic management - Lists of related topics

Read more here: » Strategic management: Encyclopedia II - Strategic management - Criticisms of strategic management

Strategic management - Birth of strategic management. Strategic management as a discipline originated in the 1950s and 60s. Although there were numerous early contributors to the literature, the most influential pioneers were Alfred Chandler, Philip Selznick, Igor Ansoff, and Peter Drucker. Alfred Chandler recognized the importance of coordinating the various aspects of management under one all-encompassing strategy. Prior to this time the various functions of management were separate with little overall c ...

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Strategic management, Strategic management - General Approaches, Strategic management - The strategy hierarchy, Strategic management - Historical development of strategic management, Strategic management - Birth of strategic management, Strategic management - Headline text, Strategic management - Growth and portfolio theory, Strategic management - The marketing revolution, Strategic management - The Japanese challenge, Strategic management - Gaining competitive advantage, Strategic management - The military theorists, Strategic management - Strategic change, Strategic management - Information and technology driven strategy, Strategic management - The psychology of strategic management, Strategic management - Teaching strategic management, Strategic management - Reasons why strategic plans fail, Strategic management - Criticisms of strategic management, Strategic management - Journals devoted primarily to strategic management, Strategic management - Magazines that frequently contain strategic management articles, Strategic management - Web sites with significant strategic management content, Strategic management - Lists of related topics

Read more here: » Strategic management: Encyclopedia II - Strategic management - Historical development of strategic management

AI divides roughly into two schools of thought: Conventional AI and Computational Intelligence (CI). Conventional AI mostly involves methods now classified as machine learning, characterized by formalism and statistical analysis. This is also known as symbolic AI, logical AI, neat AI and Good Old Fashioned Artificial Intelligence (GOFAI). (Also see semantics.) Methods include: Expert systems: apply reasoning capabilities to reach a conclusion. An expert system can process large amounts of known information and provide con ...

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Artificial intelligence, Artificial intelligence - Schools of thought, Artificial intelligence - History, Artificial intelligence - Philosophy, Artificial intelligence - Science fiction, Artificial intelligence - Links to researchers projects & institutions

Read more here: » Artificial intelligence: Encyclopedia II - Artificial intelligence - Schools of thought

An Independent Solutions Provider (ISP), also known as a vendor-independent solutions provider is related to the service provided by either a company or a group of people. It is often associated with someone else's product or service. This someone else is then a simple Solutions provider. If the product is free in the spirit of free software and open source, they may provide both the product and the service. Many companies that make products that are not free will also not let anyone provide their ...

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Solutions provider, Solutions provider - Independent Solutions Provider, Solutions provider - Why the use of ISP is important, Solutions provider - How to identify an ISP, Solutions provider - The service provided by an ISP, Solutions provider - Example of ISP Companies, Solutions provider - Example of open and free ISP initiatives

Read more here: » Solutions provider: Encyclopedia II - Solutions provider - Independent Solutions Provider

In science fiction AI is commonly portrayed as an upcoming power trying to overthrow human authority as in HAL 9000, Skynet, Colossus and The Matrix or as service humanoids like C-3PO, Data, the Bicentennial Man, the Mechas in A.I. or Sonny in I, Robot. The inevitability of AI world domination, sometimes called "the Singularity", is also argued by some science writers like Isaac Asimov and Kevin Warwick. In works such as the Japanese manga Ghost in the Shell, the existence of intelligent machines questions the definition of life as organ ...

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Artificial intelligence, Artificial intelligence - Schools of thought, Artificial intelligence - History, Artificial intelligence - Philosophy, Artificial intelligence - Science fiction, Artificial intelligence - Links to researchers projects & institutions

Read more here: » Artificial intelligence: Encyclopedia II - Artificial intelligence - Science fiction