In anatomy, the stomach (in ancient Greek στόμαχος) is an organ in the alimentary canal used to digest food. Generally, the stomach's primary function is not the absorption of nutrients from digested food; this task is usually performed by the intestine. The main job of the stomach is to break down large food molecules into smaller ones, so that they can be absorbed into the blood more easily. Latin names for the stomach include Ventriculus and Gaster; many medical terms related to the stomach ...

Including:

• Stomach - Anatomy of the human stomach
• Stomach - Histology of the human stomach
• Stomach - Control of secretion and motility
• Stomach - Diseases

Read more here: » Stomach: Encyclopedia - Stomach

See also:

Stomach, Stomach - Anatomy of the human stomach, Stomach - Histology of the human stomach, Stomach - Control of secretion and motility, Stomach - Diseases

Read more here: » Stomach: Encyclopedia II - Stomach - Histology of the human stomach

The movement and the flow of chemicals into the stomach are controlled by both the autonomic nervous system and by various digestive system hormones. The hormone gastrin causes an increase in the secretion of HCl, pepsinogen and intrinsic factor from parietal cells in the stomach. It also causes increased motility in the stomach. Gastrin is released by G cells in the stomach to distenstion of the antrum, and digestive products. It is inhibited by a pH normally ...

See also:

Stomach, Stomach - Anatomy of the human stomach, Stomach - Histology of the human stomach, Stomach - Control of secretion and motility, Stomach - Diseases

Read more here: » Stomach: Encyclopedia II - Stomach - Control of secretion and motility

Anatomy (from the Greek ἀνατομία anatomia, from ἀνατέμνειν anatemnein, to cut up, cut open), is the branch of biology that deals with the structure and organization of living things. It can be divided into animal anatomy (zootomy) and plant anatomy (phytonomy). Major branches of anatomy include comparative anatomy, histology, and human anatomy. Anatomy - Animal anatomy. Including:

• Anatomy - Animal anatomy
• Anatomy - Human anatomy
• Anatomy - Major body systems
• Anatomy - Organs
• Anatomy - Bones in the human skeleton
• Anatomy - Glands
• Anatomy - Tissues
• Anatomy - Externally visible parts of the human body
• Anatomy - Other anatomic terms not classified

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Tumor (American English) or tumour (British English) originally means "swelling", and is sometimes still used with that meaning. Tumor meaning swelling is one of the five classical characteristics of inflammation. However, the term is now primarily used to denote abnormal growth of tissue. This growth can be either malignant or benign. It is similar in meaning to a neoplasm. Tumor - Tumor Types: Malignant vs. benign. Malignant tumors are called cancer. Cancer has the potential to invade and destroy n ...

Including:

• Tumor - Tumor Types: Malignant vs. benign
• Tumor - Tumor Types
• Tumor - Causes
• Tumor - Similar structures

Read more here: » Tumor: Encyclopedia - Tumor

The English suffix -ology or -logy denotes a field of study or academic discipline, and -ologist describes a person who studies that field. -logy - Etymology. The word ology is a back-formation from the names of these disciplines. "-logy" basically means "the study of ____". Such words are formed from Greek or Latin roots with the terminal -logy derived from the Greek suffix -λογια (-logia), speaking, from λεγειν (legein), ...

Including:

• -logy - Etymology
• -logy - Other words ending in ology
• -logy - Usage
• -logy - List of -ologies
• -logy - A
• -logy - B
• -logy - C
• -logy - D
• -logy - E
• -logy - F
• -logy - G
• -logy - H
• -logy - I
• -logy - J
• -logy - K
• -logy - L
• -logy - M
• -logy - N
• -logy - O
• -logy - P
• -logy - R
• -logy - S
• -logy - T
• -logy - U
• -logy - V
• -logy - X
• -logy - Z
• -logy - Ologies that are not fields of study

Read more here: » -logy: Encyclopedia - -logy

Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these cells to invade other tissues, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue (invasion) or by implantation into distant sites (metastasis). This unregulated growth is caused by damage to DNA, resulting in mutations to genes that control cell division. Several mutations may be required to transform a normal cell into a malignant cell. These mutations are often caused by chemicals or physical agents called carcinogens, the best known being tobacco smoke. Some mutations occur spontaneously, or ...

Including:

• Cancer - Terminology
• Cancer - History
• Cancer - Classification and nomenclature
• Cancer - Adult cancers
• Cancer - Childhood cancers
• Cancer - Causes and pathophysiology
• Cancer - Origins of cancer
• Cancer - Molecular biology
• Cancer - Morphology
• Cancer - Heredity
• Cancer - Environment and diet
• Cancer - Epidemiology
• Cancer - Prevention
• Cancer - Diet and cancer
• Cancer - Other chemoprevention agents
• Cancer - Genetic testing
• Cancer - Diagnosing cancer
• Cancer - Signs and symptoms
• Cancer - Biopsy
• Cancer - Screening
• Cancer - Treatment of cancer
• Cancer - Surgery
• Cancer - Chemotherapy
• Cancer - Immunotherapy
• Cancer - Radiation therapy
• Cancer - Hormonal suppression
• Cancer - Symptom control
• Cancer - Treatment trials
• Cancer - Complementary and alternative medicine
• Cancer - Cancer vaccines
• Cancer - Coping with cancer
• Cancer - Social impact
• Cancer - Cancer research

Read more here: » Cancer: Encyclopedia - Cancer

In 1875, German scientists found spiral bacteria in the lining of the human stomach; the bacteria could not be grown in culture and the results were eventually forgotten[2]. In 1892, the Italian researcher Giulio Bizzozero described spiral bacteria living in the acidic environment of the stomach of dogs. Professor Walery Jaworski of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków investigated sediments of gastric washings obtained from humans in 1899 ...

See also:

Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter pylori - History, Helicobacter pylori - Structure of the bacterium, Helicobacter pylori - Infection and diagnosis, Helicobacter pylori - Treatment, Helicobacter pylori - Gastric cancer connection, Helicobacter pylori - Acid reflux and esophageal cancer, Helicobacter pylori - Genome studies of different strains

Read more here: » Helicobacter pylori: Encyclopedia II - Helicobacter pylori - History

Codes listed are ICD-O. See also: List of distinct cell types in the adult human body ...

See also:

Tumor, Tumor - Tumor Types: Malignant vs. benign, Tumor - Tumor Types, Tumor - Causes, Tumor - Similar structures

Read more here: » Tumor: Encyclopedia II - Tumor - Tumor Types

Codes listed are ICD-O. See also: List of distinct cell types in the adult human body ...

See also:

Tumor, Tumor - Tumor Types: Malignant vs. benign, Tumor - Tumor Types, Tumor - Causes

Read more here: » Tumor: Encyclopedia II - Tumor - Tumor Types

Several strains are known, and the genomes of two have been completely sequenced[11]. The genome consists of 26695 strain has about 1.7 million base pairs, with some 1550 genes. The two sequenced strains show large genetic differences; with up to 6% of the nucleotides differing. Study of the H. pylori genome is centered on attempts to understand pathogenesis, the ability of this organism to cause disease. There are 62 genes in the "patho ...

See also:

Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter pylori - History, Helicobacter pylori - Structure of the bacterium, Helicobacter pylori - Infection and diagnosis, Helicobacter pylori - Treatment, Helicobacter pylori - Gastric cancer connection, Helicobacter pylori - Acid reflux and esophageal cancer, Helicobacter pylori - Genome studies of different strains

Read more here: » Helicobacter pylori: Encyclopedia II - Helicobacter pylori - Genome studies of different strains

Several strains are known, and the genomes of two have been completely sequenced[11]. The genome of the strain "26695" consists of about 1.7 million base pairs, with some 1550 genes. The two sequenced strains show large genetic differences, with up to 6% of the nucleotides differing. Study of the H. pylori genome is centered on attempts to understand pathogenesis, the ability of this organism to cause disease. There are 62 genes in the " ...

See also:

Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter pylori - History, Helicobacter pylori - Structure of the bacterium, Helicobacter pylori - Infection and diagnosis, Helicobacter pylori - Treatment, Helicobacter pylori - Gastric cancer connection, Helicobacter pylori - Acid reflux and esophageal cancer, Helicobacter pylori - Genome studies of different strains

Read more here: » Helicobacter pylori: Encyclopedia II - Helicobacter pylori - Genome studies of different strains

From a utilitarian point of view the study of humans is the most important division of special anatomy, and this human anatomy may be approached from different points of view. From that of Medicine it consists of a knowledge of the exact form, position, size and relationship of the various structures of the healthy human body, and to this study the term descriptive or topographical human anatomy is given, though it is often, less h ...

See also:

Anatomy, Anatomy - Animal anatomy, Anatomy - Human anatomy, Anatomy - Major body systems, Anatomy - Organs, Anatomy - Bones in the human skeleton, Anatomy - Glands, Anatomy - Tissues, Anatomy - Externally visible parts of the human body, Anatomy - Other anatomic terms not classified

Read more here: » Anatomy: Encyclopedia II - Anatomy - Human anatomy

Infection may be symptomatic or asymptomatic (without visible ill effects). It is estimated that up to 70% of infection is asymptomatic. The bacteria have been isolated from feces, saliva and dental plaque of infected patients, which suggests gastro-oral or fecal-oral as possible transmission routes. It is estimated that about 2/3 of the world population are infected by the bacterium. Actual infection rates vary from nation to nation - the West (Western Europe, North America, Australasia) having rates around 25% and the Third W ...

See also:

Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter pylori - History, Helicobacter pylori - Structure of the bacterium, Helicobacter pylori - Infection and diagnosis, Helicobacter pylori - Treatment, Helicobacter pylori - Gastric cancer connection, Helicobacter pylori - Acid reflux and esophageal cancer, Helicobacter pylori - Genome studies of different strains

Read more here: » Helicobacter pylori: Encyclopedia II - Helicobacter pylori - Infection and diagnosis

Malignant tumors are called cancer. Cancer has the potential to invade and destroy neighboring tissues and create metastases. Benign tumors do not invade neighboring tissues and do not seed metastases, but may locally grow to great size. They usually do not return after surgical removal. An epithelial tumor is considered malignant if it penetrates the basal lamina and is considered benign if it does not. As people get older, they accumulate more mutations in their DNA. This means that the prevalence of tumors increases strongly ...

See also:

Tumor, Tumor - Tumor Types: Malignant vs. benign, Tumor - Tumor Types, Tumor - Causes, Tumor - Similar structures

Read more here: » Tumor: Encyclopedia II - Tumor - Tumor Types: Malignant vs. benign

Malignant tumors are called cancer. Cancer has the potential to invade and destroy neighboring tissues and create metastases. Benign tumors do not invade neighboring tissues and do not seed metastases, but may locally grow to great size. They usually do not return after surgical removal. An epithelial tumor is considered malignant if it penetrates the basal lamina and is considered benign if it does not. As people get older, they accumulate more mutations in their DNA. This means that the prevalence of tumors increases strongly ...

See also:

Tumor, Tumor - Tumor Types: Malignant vs. benign, Tumor - Tumor Types, Tumor - Causes

Read more here: » Tumor: Encyclopedia II - Tumor - Tumor Types: Malignant vs. benign

Tumors are caused by mutations in DNA of cells. An accumulation of mutations is needed for a tumor to emerge. Mutations that activate oncogenes or repress tumor supressor genes can eventually lead to tumors. Cells have mechanisms that repair DNA and other mechanisms that cause the cell to destroy itself by apoptosis if DNA damage gets too severe. Mutations that repress the genes for these mechanisms can also eventually lead to cancer. A mutation in one oncogen or one tumor repressor gene is usually not enough for a tumor to occur. A combination of a n ...

See also:

Tumor, Tumor - Tumor Types: Malignant vs. benign, Tumor - Tumor Types, Tumor - Causes, Tumor - Similar structures

Read more here: » Tumor: Encyclopedia II - Tumor - Causes

Tumors are caused by mutations in DNA of cells. An accumulation of mutations is needed for a tumor to emerge. Mutations that activate oncogenes or repress tumor supressor genes can eventually lead to tumors. Cells have mechanisms that repair DNA and other mechanisms that cause the cell to destroy itself by apoptosis if DNA damage gets too severe. Mutations that repress the genes for these mechanisms can also eventually lead to cancer. A mutation in one oncogen or one tumor repressor gene is usually not enough for a tumor to occur. A combination of a n ...

See also:

Tumor, Tumor - Tumor Types: Malignant vs. benign, Tumor - Tumor Types, Tumor - Causes

Read more here: » Tumor: Encyclopedia II - Tumor - Causes

Not all words ending in -ology are ologies in the above sense. In some words such as tautology and haplology, the -logy suffix is from the Greek λογος, word, and denotes not a field of study but a type of speech or writing. For example, haplology means the mistake of saying one letter, syllable or word when two or more are required, as in the example of pronouncing the word February somewhat like "Febuary". It should also be pointed out that some words mean to study something, bu ...

See also:

-logy, -logy - Etymology, -logy - Other words ending in ology, -logy - Usage, -logy - List of -ologies, -logy - A, -logy - B, -logy - C, -logy - D, -logy - E, -logy - F, -logy - G, -logy - H, -logy - I, -logy - J, -logy - K, -logy - L, -logy - M, -logy - N, -logy - O, -logy - P, -logy - R, -logy - S, -logy - T, -logy - U, -logy - V, -logy - X, -logy - Z, -logy - Ologies that are not fields of study

Read more here: » -logy: Encyclopedia II - -logy - Other words ending in ology

Although technically incorrect, "-ology" is sometimes used to describe a subject rather than the study of it. Technology is a typical example. This usage is also widespread in medicine; for example, pathology is often used for specific disease ("We have not found the pathology yet"). "Ology" can be appended to any word, humorously, when describing its study; such as beer-ology or Wiki-ology. There are a few irregular exceptions to the ending "-ologist"; f ...

See also:

-logy, -logy - Etymology, -logy - Other words ending in ology, -logy - Usage, -logy - List of -ologies, -logy - A, -logy - B, -logy - C, -logy - D, -logy - E, -logy - F, -logy - G, -logy - H, -logy - I, -logy - J, -logy - K, -logy - L, -logy - M, -logy - N, -logy - O, -logy - P, -logy - R, -logy - S, -logy - T, -logy - U, -logy - V, -logy - X, -logy - Z, -logy - Ologies that are not fields of study

Read more here: » -logy: Encyclopedia II - -logy - Usage