In anatomy, the stomach (in ancient Greek στόμαχος) is an organ in the alimentary canal used to digest food. Generally, the stomach's primary function is not the absorption of nutrients from digested food; this task is usually performed by the intestine. The main job of the stomach is to break down large food molecules into smaller ones, so that they can be absorbed into the blood more easily. Latin names for the stomach include Ventriculus and Gaster; many medical terms related to the stomach ...

Including:

• Stomach - Anatomy of the human stomach
• Stomach - Histology of the human stomach
• Stomach - Control of secretion and motility
• Stomach - Diseases

Read more here: » Stomach: Encyclopedia - Stomach

See also:

Stomach, Stomach - Anatomy of the human stomach, Stomach - Histology of the human stomach, Stomach - Control of secretion and motility, Stomach - Diseases

Read more here: » Stomach: Encyclopedia II - Stomach - Anatomy of the human stomach

The movement and the flow of chemicals into the stomach are controlled by both the autonomic nervous system and by various digestive system hormones. The hormone gastrin causes an increase in the secretion of HCl, pepsinogen and intrinsic factor from parietal cells in the stomach. It also causes increased motility in the stomach. Gastrin is released by G cells in the stomach to distenstion of the antrum, and digestive products. It is inhibited by a pH normally ...

See also:

Stomach, Stomach - Anatomy of the human stomach, Stomach - Histology of the human stomach, Stomach - Control of secretion and motility, Stomach - Diseases

Read more here: » Stomach: Encyclopedia II - Stomach - Control of secretion and motility

The pancreas is an organ that serves two functions: exocrine - it produces pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes. endocrine - it produces several important hormones, including insulin. Pancreas - Anatomy. The pancreas is an organ located posterior to the stomach and in close association with the duodenum. In humans the pancreas is a small elongated organ in the abdomen. It is described as having a head, body and tail. The pancreatic head abuts the second part of t ...

Including:

• Pancreas - Anatomy
• Pancreas - Function
• Pancreas - Exocrine
• Pancreas - Endocrine
• Pancreas - Edibility
• Pancreas - Diseases of the pancreas
• Pancreas - History

Read more here: » Pancreas: Encyclopedia - Pancreas

Anatomy (from the Greek ἀνατομία anatomia, from ἀνατέμνειν anatemnein, to cut up, cut open), is the branch of biology that deals with the structure and organization of living things. It can be divided into animal anatomy (zootomy) and plant anatomy (phytonomy). Major branches of anatomy include comparative anatomy, histology, and human anatomy. Anatomy - Animal anatomy. Including:

• Anatomy - Animal anatomy
• Anatomy - Human anatomy
• Anatomy - Major body systems
• Anatomy - Organs
• Anatomy - Bones in the human skeleton
• Anatomy - Glands
• Anatomy - Tissues
• Anatomy - Externally visible parts of the human body
• Anatomy - Other anatomic terms not classified

Read more here: » Anatomy: Encyclopedia - Anatomy

The gastrointestinal or digestive tract, also referred to as the GI tract or the alimentary canal or the gut, is the system of organs within multicellular animals which takes in food, digests it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste. The GI tract differs substantially from animal to animal. For instance, some animals have multi-chambered stomachs. Gastrointestinal tract - Basic anatomy. Gastrointestinal tract - The gut. < ...

Including:

• Gastrointestinal tract - Basic anatomy
• Gastrointestinal tract - The gut
• Gastrointestinal tract - Related organs
• Gastrointestinal tract - Physiology
• Gastrointestinal tract - Digestion and excretion
• Gastrointestinal tract - Specialization of organs
• Gastrointestinal tract - Immune function
• Gastrointestinal tract - Uses of gut

Read more here: » Gastrointestinal tract: Encyclopedia - Gastrointestinal tract

In human and zoological anatomy (sometimes called zootomy), several terms are used to describe the location of organs and other structures in the body of bilateral animals. These terms are listed and explained here. In some cases, the terminology in human anatomy may differ from that in general anatomy. The anatomical position holds more relevant information on relations and terms of location for human anatomy. Anatomical terms of location - Directions. Anatomical terms of location - Ge ...

Including:

• Anatomical terms of location - Directions
• Anatomical terms of location - General usage
• Anatomical terms of location - Usage in human anatomy
• Anatomical terms of location - Relative directions
• Anatomical terms of location - Relative directions in the limbs
• Anatomical terms of location - Planes
• Anatomical terms of location - General usage
• Anatomical terms of location - Usage in human anatomy
• Anatomical terms of location - Relative motions

Read more here: » Anatomical terms of location: Encyclopedia - Anatomical terms of location

The spleen is a ductless, vertebrate gland that is not necessary for life but is closely associated with the circulatory system, where it functions in the destruction of old red blood cells and removal of other debris from the bloodstream, and also in holding a reservoir of blood. It is regarded as one of the centres of activity of the reticuloendothelial system. Until recently, the purpose of the spleen was not known. It is increasingly recognised that its absence predisposes to certain infections. Spleen - Anatomy. ...

Including:

• Spleen - Anatomy
• Spleen - Disorders
• Spleen - Absence
• Spleen - Etymology and cultural views

Read more here: » Spleen: Encyclopedia - Spleen

The umbilicus (commonly called a navel, or belly button), is essentially a scar caused at birth by the removal of the umbilical cord from a newborn baby. The scar can appear as a depression (sometimes colloquially referred to as an "innie") or as a protrusion (referred to as an "outie"). Umbilicus - Human anatomy. The umbilicus is an important landmark on the abdomen, since its position is relatively consistent among humans. The skin around the waist at the level of the umbilicus ...

Including:

• Umbilicus - Human anatomy
• Umbilicus - Fashion
• Umbilicus - Mollusks
• Umbilicus - Other meanings

Read more here: » Umbilicus: Encyclopedia - Umbilicus

Andreas Vesalius (December 31, 1514 - October 15, 1564) was a Flemish anatomist and author of one of the most influential books on human anatomy, De Humanis Corporis Fabrica (On the Workings of the Human Body). Vesalius has been often been referred to as the founder of modern human anatomy. His name is also referred to as Andreas Vesal or Andreas van Wesel, depending on the source. Vesalius - Early life and education. Vesalius was born in Brussels, then in the Holy Roman E ...

Including:

• Vesalius - Early life and education
• Vesalius - De Corporis Fabrica
• Vesalius - Imperial Physician and Death
• Vesalius - Trivia

Read more here: » Vesalius: Encyclopedia - Vesalius

Biomechanics is the research and analysis of the mechanics of living organisms. Aristoteles might be considered the first biomechanicist. He wrote the first book called "De Motu Animalium" - On the Movement of Animals. He not only saw animals' bodies as mechanical systems, but pursued such questions as the physiological difference between imagining performing an action and actually doing it. (Read more about the history of Biomechanics in A Genealogy of Biomechanics.) The research and analysis can be carried forth on multiple levels, ...

Including:

• Biomechanics - Applications
• Biomechanics - Continuum Mechanics
• Biomechanics - Biomechanics of Circulation
• Biomechanics - Biomechanics of the bones
• Biomechanics - Biomechanics of the Muscle
• Biomechanics - Biomechanics of Soft Tissues
• Biomechanics - Viscoelasticity
• Biomechanics - Nonlinear Theories

Read more here: » Biomechanics: Encyclopedia - Biomechanics

The autonomic nervous system is the part of the nervous system of the higher life forms that is not consciously controlled. It is commonly divided into two usually antagonistic subsystems: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system controls such vital functions as heart rate, dilation of the bronchioles and dilation and constriction of the pupil; the digestive tract is controlled almost completely by autonomic mechanisms. Autonomic nervous system - Nomenclature. ...

Including:

• Autonomic nervous system - Nomenclature
• Autonomic nervous system - Function
• Autonomic nervous system - Individual components
• Autonomic nervous system - The Cranial Sympathetics
• Autonomic nervous system - Connections with the Spinal Nerves
• Autonomic nervous system - Development

Read more here: » Autonomic nervous system: Encyclopedia - Autonomic nervous system

The liver is an organ in vertebrates, including humans. It plays a major role in metabolism and has a number of functions in the body including drug detoxification, glycogen storage, and plasma protein synthesis. It also produces bile, which is important for digestion. Medical terms related to the liver often start in hepato- or hepatic from the Greek word for liver, hepar. Liver - Anatomy. The adult human liver normally weighs between 1.0 - 2.5 kilograms, and is a soft, pinkish-brown " ...

Including:

• Liver - Anatomy
• Liver - Surface anatomy
• Liver - Functional anatomy
• Liver - Physiology
• Liver - Diseases of the liver
• Liver - Liver transplantation
• Liver - Development
• Liver - Fetal blood supply
• Liver - Analogous organs
• Liver - Liver as food
• Liver - Cultural allusions

Read more here: » Liver: Encyclopedia - Liver

A mummy is a corpse whose skin and flesh have been preserved by deliberate or accidental exposure to chemicals, extreme cold or dryness, or airlessness. The best-known mummies are those that have been deliberately embalmed with the specific purpose of preservation, particularly those in ancient Egypt. Egyptians believed the body was home to a person's Ka which was essential in one's afterlife. In Egypt, the bodies were covered in natron to speed up the process of dehydration, and to prevent decomposition. In China, preserved corpses have been recovered from submerged ...

Including:

• Mummy - Etymology
• Mummy - Mummies in Ancient Egypt
• Mummy - Egyptian mummification process
• Mummy - Egyptian burial rituals
• Mummy - Open problems
• Mummy - Mummies in other civilizations
• Mummy - Chinese mummy
• Mummy - Natural mummies
• Mummy - Mummies in recent times
• Mummy - Mummies in fiction
• Mummy - Famous mummies
• Mummy - From Egypt
• Mummy - Others

Read more here: » Mummy: Encyclopedia - Mummy

Andrenidae Apidae Colletidae Halictidae Heterogynaidae Megachilidae Melittidae Oxaeidae Stenotritidae Bees (Apoidea superfamily) are flying insects, closely related to wasps and ants. They are adapted for feeding on nectar and pollen, the former primarily as an energy source, and the latter primarily for protein and other nutrients. Most pollen is used for food for the brood. Bees have a long proboscis that enables them to obtain the nectar from flowers. Bees have antennae made up of thirteen segments in males and twelve in females. They have two pairs of wings, t ...

Including:

• Bee - Eusocial and quasisocial bees
• Bee - Honeybee pheromones
• Bee - Solitary and communal bees
• Bee - Kleptoparasitic bees
• Bee - Communication
• Bee - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Bee: Encyclopedia - Bee

The English suffix -ology or -logy denotes a field of study or academic discipline, and -ologist describes a person who studies that field. -logy - Etymology. The word ology is a back-formation from the names of these disciplines. "-logy" basically means "the study of ____". Such words are formed from Greek or Latin roots with the terminal -logy derived from the Greek suffix -λογια (-logia), speaking, from λεγειν (legein), ...

Including:

• -logy - Etymology
• -logy - Other words ending in ology
• -logy - Usage
• -logy - List of -ologies
• -logy - A
• -logy - B
• -logy - C
• -logy - D
• -logy - E
• -logy - F
• -logy - G
• -logy - H
• -logy - I
• -logy - J
• -logy - K
• -logy - L
• -logy - M
• -logy - N
• -logy - O
• -logy - P
• -logy - R
• -logy - S
• -logy - T
• -logy - U
• -logy - V
• -logy - X
• -logy - Z
• -logy - Ologies that are not fields of study

Read more here: » -logy: Encyclopedia - -logy

Bees learn and communicate in order to find food sources and for other means. Bee learning and communication - Learning. Learning is essential for efficient foraging. Bees are unlikely to make many repeat visits if a plant provides little in the way of reward. A single bee will visit different flowers in the morning and, if there is sufficient attraction and reward in a particular kind of flower, she will make visits to that type of flower for most of the day, unless the plants stop producing reward or weat ...

Including:

• Bee learning and communication - Learning
• Bee learning and communication - Communication
• Bee learning and communication - Dance language
• Bee learning and communication - Odor plume
• Bee learning and communication - Trophallaxis
• Bee learning and communication - Source

Read more here: » Bee learning and communication: Encyclopedia - Bee learning and communication

The reindeer, known as caribou when wild in North America, is an Arctic and Subarctic-dwelling deer (Rangifer tarandus). Reindeer - Habitat. The reindeer is distributed throughout a number of northern locales. Reindeer are found throughout Scandinavia (including Iceland); in Finland; at Spitsbergen; in Russian Europe including Northern Russia and Novaya Zemlya; in Russian Asia, to the Pacific Ocean; in North America on Greenland, Canada and Alaska. In 1952 reindeer were re-introduced to Scotla ...

Including:

• Reindeer - Habitat
• Reindeer - Anatomy
• Reindeer - Population
• Reindeer - Diseases and threats
• Reindeer - Reindeer and humans
• Reindeer - Economy
• Reindeer - Local names
• Reindeer - Subspecies
• Reindeer - Trivia
• Reindeer - Famous Reindeer

Read more here: » Reindeer: Encyclopedia - Reindeer

William James (January 11, 1842, New York – August 26, 1910, Chocorua, New Hampshire) was a pioneering psychologist and philosopher. He wrote influential books on the young science of psychology, psychology of religious experience and mysticism, and the philosophy of pragmatism. William James was born in New York, son of Henry James, Sr., an independently wealthy and notoriously eccentric Swedenborgian theologian well acquainted with the literary and intellectual elites of his day. The intellectual brilliance of the James fam ...

Including:

• William James - Early years
• William James - Professional career
• William James - Writings
• William James - Epistemology
• William James - Cash Value
• William James - Philosophy of religion
• William James - Cash Value of Religion
• William James - Theory of emotion
• William James - William James' bear
• William James - Philosophy of history
• William James - List of major works

Read more here: » William James: Encyclopedia - William James

Acupuncture (from Lat. acus, "needle" (noun), and pungere, "prick" (verb) or in Standard Mandarin, zhēn jǐu (針灸), is one of the main branches of Traditional Chinese Medicine (others being herbal medicine and tui na). It is a therapeutic technique from that framework intended to restore health and well-being. The term acupuncture is often used by Westerners to refer to Chinese medicine generally. The technique involves the insertion of needles into "acupuncture points" on the body by trained practitioners. Th ...

Including:

• Acupuncture - Theory
• Acupuncture - An example of acupuncture practice
• Acupuncture - Benefits proven and purported
• Acupuncture - Potential risks
• Acupuncture - Controversy as to effectiveness
• Acupuncture - Bibliography

Read more here: » Acupuncture: Encyclopedia - Acupuncture