Secretum secretorum is a medieval treatise also known as Secret of Secrets, or The Book of the Secret of Secrets, or in Arabic Kitab sirr al-asrar, or the Book of the science of government: on the good ordering of statecraft. It is a mid-12th century Latin translation of a 9th century Arabic encyclopedic treatise on a wide range of topics including statecraft, ethics, physiognomy, astrology, alchemy, magic, and medicine. It was influential in Europe during the High Middle Ages. Including:

Secretum Secretorum - Origin Secretum Secretorum - The Secrets Secretum Secretorum - Influences Secretum Secretorum - External link

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Upaveda: (Sanskrit) "Secondary Vedas."

A class of texts on sacred sciences, composed by rishis over the course of time to amplify and apply the Vedic knowledge. The four prominent Upavedas (each encompassing numerous texts) are: Arthaveda (statecraft), Ayurveda (health), Dhanurveda (military science) and Gandharvaveda (music and the arts). Also sometimes classed as Upavedas are the Sthapatyaveda (on architecture) and the Kama Shastras (texts on erotic love).

See: Arthaveda, Ayurveda, Dhanurveda, Kama Sutra, Gandharvaveda, purushartha, Stapatyaveda.

(See also: Upaveda, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Statecraft Dictionary

Upaveda: (Sanskrit) "Secondary Vedas."

A class of texts on sacred sciences, composed by rishis over the course of time to amplify and apply the Vedic knowledge. The four prominent Upavedas (each encompassing numerous texts) are:  Arthaveda (statecraft),  Ayurveda (health),  Dhanurveda (military science) and  Gandharvaveda (music and the arts).  Also sometimes classed as Upavedas are the  Sthapatyaveda (on architecture) and the  Kama Shastras (texts on erotic love).

See: Arthaveda, Ayurveda, Dhanurveda, Kama Sutra, Gandharvaveda, purushartha, Stapatyaveda.

(See also: Upaveda, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Statecraft Dictionary

The Ramayana, the saga of Rama's life written by Valmiki, is widely acclaimed as among the greatest of all Indian epics. The narrative is regarded as a veritable treatise on social sciences, offering lessons that transcend both time and space. In fact, this famous Grantha carries useful tips on ethics and values, statecraft and politics, and even general and human resources management.

The Ramayana can serve as a useful reference book for those willing to learn. With Rama Rajya as a model for good governance, the Ramayana is a must read for practitioners of statecraft. More so, because much fuss is being made today over Ayodhya being the birthplace of Rama and the controversy over the building of a Ram temple at the Ramjanmabhoomi.

(See also: Peace on Earth, Peace of Mind, Love and Happiness, Life and Beyond, Body Mind and Soul)

Read more here: » Peace of Mind: Ramayana's Tips for Good Governance

Upaveda: (Sanskrit) "Secondary Vedas."

A class of texts on sacred sciences, composed by rishis over the course of time to amplify and apply the Vedic knowledge. The four prominent Upavedas (each encompassing numerous texts) are:

á      Arthaveda (statecraft),

á      Ayurveda (health),

á      Dhanurveda (military science) and

á      Gandharvaveda (music and the arts).

Also sometimes classed as Upavedas are the

á      Sthapatyaveda (on architecture) and the

á      Kama Shastras (texts on erotic love).

See: Arthaveda, Ayurveda, Dhanurveda, Kama Sutra, Gandharvaveda, purushartha, Stapatyaveda.

(See also: Upaveda, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Statecraft Dictionary

Arthashastra is most simply translated as Economics. Literally, it is variously translated from the Sanskrit as Science of Wealth, Science of Material Gain or Science of Polity (i.e. of civil government or state). It explores the demands of statecraft in the prosperous but unsettled Mauryan Empire under Chandragupta Maurya. As such, it can be considered a precursor to Machiavelli's The Prince Centrally, Arthashastra argues for a benevolent autocracy managing an efficient and solid econo ...

See also:

Arthashastra, Arthashastra - Themes, Arthashastra - Books of Arthashashtra, Arthashastra - The Rajarishi, Arthashastra - Duties of the King, Arthashastra - Internal Strife, Arthashastra - Comments on Vices, Arthashastra - Training of a future King, Arthashastra - The training of a Prince

Read more here: » Arthashastra: Encyclopedia II - Arthashastra - Themes

Phanariotes - Negative perception. The person raised to the princely dignity was usually the chief Dragoman of the Sublime Porte, and was consequently well versed in contemporary politics and the statecraft of the Ottoman government. The new Prince, who was compelled to purchase his elevation with a heavy bribe (not a new requirement in itself), proceeded to the country which he was selected to govern, and of the language of which he was in nearly every case totally ignorant, accompanied by a retinue of ha ...

See also:

Phanariotes, Phanariotes - Starting point, Phanariotes - Characteristics, Phanariotes - Negative perception, Phanariotes - Positive aspects, Phanariotes - Ending and legacy

Read more here: » Phanariotes: Encyclopedia II - Phanariotes - Characteristics

Battles were fought at all levels at a great cost and independence was achieved after many a sacrifice. Nayak armies liberated Warangal by 1326 and drove away Muslims from Telugu country. Many of the inscriptions glorified the victories of Prolaya and the statecraft he practiced. The cousins strengthened the forts, rebuilt the temples, restored village grants to Brahmins and encouraged arts and literature. Ageing Prolaya retired to Rekapalli fort (East Godavari district) after ...

See also:

Musunuri Nayaks, Musunuri Nayaks - Introduction, Musunuri Nayaks - The Valiant Cousins, Musunuri Nayaks - Triumph and Freedom, Musunuri Nayaks - The Decline

Read more here: » Musunuri Nayaks: Encyclopedia II - Musunuri Nayaks - Triumph and Freedom

Arthaveda: (Sanskrit) "Science of statecraft." A class of ancient texts, also called Nitishastras, on politics, statecraft and much more, forming the Upaveda of the Rig Veda. The most important text of this group is Kautiliya's Arthashastra (ca 300 bce) which gives detailed instructions on all areas of government. It embodies the kshatriya perspective of rulership and society. See: Upaveda.

(See also: Arthaveda, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Statecraft Dictionary

According to one theory, the Pechenegs originated from the Wusun people of Central Asia, recorded in Chinese chronicles in the early centuries of the modern era. Whatever the truth of this, the Pechenegs emerge in the historical records only in the 8th and 9th centuries, inhabiting the region between the lower Volga, the Don, and the Ural Mountains. By the 9th-10th centuries AD they controlled much of the steppes of southwestern Eurasia and the Crimean Peninsula. Although an important factor in the region at the time, like most nomadic tribes their concept of statecraft failed to go beyond random attacks on neighbour ...

See also:

Pecheneg, Pecheneg - Origins and Area, Pecheneg - Alliance with Byzantium, Pecheneg - History and Decline

Read more here: » Pecheneg: Encyclopedia II - Pecheneg - Origins and Area

Arthaveda: (Sanskrit) "Science of statecraft." A class of ancient texts, also called Nitishastras, on politics, statecraft and much more, forming the Upaveda of the Rig Veda. The most important text of this group is Kautiliya's Arthashastra (ca 300 bce) which gives detailed instructions on all areas of government. It embodies the kshatriya perspective of rulership and society. See: Upaveda.

(See also: Arthaveda, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Statecraft Dictionary

Confucius K'ung Fu-tzu (551-479 BC) "Philosopher K'ung"; Chinese philosopher, statesman, and scholar, whose teachings dealt with morals, family, social reforms, and statecraft. He called himself a "transmitter, not an originator." His Analects is one of the Five Books of Chinese classics. (SD, BCW)

(See also: Confucius, K'ung Fu-tzu, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary, Occultism, Occultism Dictionary)

For more dictionary entries, see » Statecraft Dictionary

Tirukural: (Tamil) "Holy couplets."

A treasury of Hindu ethical insight and a literary masterpiece of the Tamil language, written by Saiva Saint Tiruvalluvar (ca 200 bce) near present-day Chennai. Its nonsectarian wisdom has been adopted by Christians, Muslims, Jains and even atheists.

The text focuses primarily on the first three goals of life - artha (wealth), dharma (conduct) and kama (desire) - but also includes 13 chapters on renunciate dharma, relating to life's fourth goal, moksha (liberation). In an extraordinarily compact verse form of 14 syllables, the poet presents 133 subjects of ten verses each on relationships, human strengths and foibles, statecraft and more. One of the world's earliest ethical texts, the Tirukural could well be considered a bible on virtue for the human race. In fact, it is sworn on in South Indian courts of law.

See: Tiruvalluvar.

(See also: Tirukural, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Statecraft Dictionary

Saiva Siddhanta: (Sanskrit) "Final conclusions of Saivism."

The most widespread and influential Saivite school today, predominant especially among the Tamil people in Sri Lanka and South India. It is the formalized theology of the divine revelations contained in the twentyeight Saiva Agamas. The first known guru of the Shuddha ("pure") Saiva Siddhanta tradition was Maharishi Nandinatha of Kashmir (ca bce 250), recorded in Panini's book of grammar as the teacher of rishis Patanjali, Vyaghrapada and Vasishtha. Other sacred scriptures include the Tirumantiram and the voluminous collection of devotional hymns, the Tirumurai, and the masterpiece on ethics and statecraft, the Tirukural.

For Saiva Siddhantins, Siva is the totality of all, understood in three perfections: Parameshvara (the Personal Creator Lord), Parashakti (the substratum of form) and Parasiva (Absolute Reality which transcends all). Souls and world are identical in essence with Siva, yet also differ in that they are evolving. A pluralistic stream arose in the middle ages from the teachings of Aghorasiva and Meykandar. For Aghorasiva's school (ca 1150) Siva is not the material cause of the universe, and the soul attains perfect "sameness" with Siva upon liberation. Meykandar's (ca 1250) pluralistic school denies that souls ever attain perfect sameness or unity with Siva.

See: Saivism.

(See also: Saiva Siddhanta, Hinduism, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Statecraft Dictionary