Staraya Ladoga

In 862, the legendary Varangian leader Rurik arrived to Ladoga and made it his capital. Rurik's successors later moved to Novgorod and then to Kiev, thus laying foundations for the powerful state of Kievan Rus. There are several huge kurgans, or royal funerary barrows, at the outskirts of Ladoga. One of them is said to be Rurik's grave, and another one—that of his successor Oleg. Ladoga's next mention in chronicles is dated to 1019, when Ingigerd of Sweden married Yaroslav of Novgorod. Under the terms of marriage settlement, Yarosla ...

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Staraya Ladoga, Staraya Ladoga - Origin and name, Staraya Ladoga - Ladoga under Rurik and Rurikids, Staraya Ladoga - Sights and landmarks

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The Varangians (Russian: Variags, Варяги) were Scandinavians who travelled eastwards, mainly from Jutland and Sweden. Promoting trade, piracy and mercenary militarism, they roamed the river systems and portages of what later became Russia, reaching the Caspian Sea and Constantinople. Their name came from Old Norse Væringjar, which may have come from the Old Norse plural noun várar = "pledge, troth". The East Slavs and the Byzantines, however, did not distinguish Scandinavians from other Germa ...

Including:

• Varangian - The Varangian Rus
• Varangian - The Varangian Guard
• Varangian - Primary Sources
• Varangian - Sources
• Varangian - Notes

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A tumulus (plural tumuli or tumuluses) is a mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves. Tumuli are also known as barrows, burial mounds or kurgans and can be found throughout much of the world. A tumulus composed largely or entirely of stones is usually referred to as a cairn. The method of inhumation may involve a cist, a mortuary enclosure, a mortuary house or a chamber tomb. Examples of barrows include Duggleby Howe and Maeshowe. Tumulus - Sites.

• Tumulus - Sites
• Tumulus - Scandinavia
• Tumulus - Ukraine Russia and Central Asia
• Tumulus - Britain
• Tumulus - Israel
• Tumulus - Japan
• Tumulus - U.S.A.
• Tumulus - The Czech Republic
• Tumulus - Types of barrows
• Tumulus - List of notable barrow diggers

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Varangians first appear in the Byzantine world in 839, when the emperor Theophilus negotiated with the Varangians, whom he called Rhos, to provide a few mercenaries for his army. Although the Varangians often had peaceful trading relations with the Byzantines, they sometimes led attacks against Constantinople. Such attacks came in 860, 907, 911, 941, 945, 971, and finally 1043. These raids were successful only in causing the Byzantines to re-arrange their trading arrangements; militarily, the Varangians were always defeated by the superior Byzan ...

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Varangian, Varangian - The Varangian Rus, Varangian - The Varangian Guard, Varangian - Primary Sources, Varangian - Sources, Varangian - Notes

Read more here: » Varangian: Encyclopedia II - Varangian - The Varangian Guard

Tumulus - Scandinavia. Burial mounds were in use until the 11th century in Scandinavia. In their undamaged state they appear as small, man-made hillocks, though many examples have been damaged by ploughing or deliberately damaged so that little visible evidence remains. By burning the deceased, it was believed that the person was transferred to Valhalla by the consuming force of the fire. The fire could reach temperatures of 1500 °C. The remains were covered with cobblestones and then a layer of gravel an ...

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Tumulus, Tumulus - Sites, Tumulus - Scandinavia, Tumulus - Ukraine Russia and Central Asia, Tumulus - Britain, Tumulus - Israel, Tumulus - Japan, Tumulus - U.S.A., Tumulus - The Czech Republic, Tumulus - Types of barrows, Tumulus - List of notable barrow diggers

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List of castles - Burgenland. Burg Bernstein Burg Forchtenstein Burg Güssing Burgruine Landsee Burg Lockenhaus Burg Schlaining List of castles - Carinthia. Burgruine Aichelberg Burgruine Aichelburg Klosterruine Arnoldstein Burgruine Dietrichstein Burgruine Falkenstein (Oberfalkenstein) Burg Falkenstein (Niederfalkenstein) Burgruine Feldsberg Burgruine ...

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Tumulus - Scandinavia. Burial mounds were in use until the 11th century in Scandinavia. In their undamaged state they appear as small, man-made hillocks, though many examples have been damaged by ploughing or deliberately damaged so that little visible evidence remains. By burning the deceased, he was moved to Valhalla by the consuming force of the fire. The fire could reach temperatures of 1500 °C. The remains were covered with cobblestones and then a layer of gravel and sand and finally a thin layer of ...

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Tumulus, Tumulus - Sites, Tumulus - Scandinavia, Tumulus - Ukraine Russia and Central Asia, Tumulus - Britain, Tumulus - Israel, Tumulus - Japan, Tumulus - U.S.A., Tumulus - The Czech Republic, Tumulus - Types of barrows, Tumulus - List of notable barrow diggers

Read more here: » Tumulus: Encyclopedia II - Tumulus - Sites

The Varangians (Varyags, in Old East Slavic language) are first mentioned by the Russian Primary Chronicle as having exacted tribute from the Slavic and Finnic tribes (cf. the Danegeld) in 859. In 862, the Finnic and Slavic tribes rebelled against the Varangian Rus, but started making war on each other. The disorder led the tribes to invite the Varangian Rus to come and rule them and bring peace to the region. Led by Rurik and his brothers Truvor and Sineus, the invited Varangians (c ...

See also:

Varangian, Varangian - The Varangian Rus, Varangian - The Varangian Guard, Varangian - Primary Sources, Varangian - Sources, Varangian - Notes

Read more here: » Varangian: Encyclopedia II - Varangian - The Varangian Rus

List of castles - Finnish castles. For historic Swedish castles see also Castles of Finland. ...

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List of castles - External links. Medieval castles at Virtual Finland Castles of Finland (pictures) Museums and Castles at National Board of Antiquities Kotka and Loviisa ...

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List of castles, List of castles - Castles of Africa, List of castles - Castles of Armenia, List of castles - Castles of Austria, List of castles - Burgenland, List of castles - Carinthia, List of castles - Lower Austria, List of castles - Salzburg, List of castles - Styria, List of castles - Tirol, List of castles - Upper Austria, List of castles - Vorarlberg, List of castles - Castles of Belarus, List of castles - Castles of Belgium, List of castles - Castles of Canada, List of castles - Castles of China, List of castles - Castles of Cyprus, List of castles - Castles of the Czech Republic, List of castles - Castles of Denmark, List of castles - Castles of Estonia, List of castles - Castles of Finland, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of France, List of castles - Castles of Georgia, List of castles - Castles of Germany, List of castles - Castles of Greece, List of castles - Castles of Iran, List of castles - Castles in the Republic of Ireland, List of castles - Castles of Israel, List of castles - Castles of Italy, List of castles - South Tyrol former Austria, List of castles - Castles of Japan, List of castles - External link, List of castles - Castles of Latvia, List of castles - Castles of Lithuania, List of castles - Castles of Mexico, List of castles - Castles in Moldova, List of castles - Castles in the Netherlands, List of castles - Castles of New Zealand, List of castles - Castles of Norway, List of castles - Castles of Poland, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of Portugal, List of castles - Castles of Romania, List of castles - Castles of Russia, List of castles - Castles of Slovakia, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of Spain, List of castles - Castles of Switzerland, List of castles - Castles of Sweden, List of castles - Finnish castles, List of castles - Castles in Syria, List of castles - Castles in Ukraine, List of castles - Castles in the United Kingdom, List of castles - Castles in the United States, List of castles - Crusader Castles, List of castles - Fictional castles

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List of castles - External links. SLOVAKIA'S CASTLES at Slovak Heritage Live Slovak Castles and Churches ...

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List of castles, List of castles - Castles of Africa, List of castles - Castles of Armenia, List of castles - Castles of Austria, List of castles - Burgenland, List of castles - Carinthia, List of castles - Lower Austria, List of castles - Salzburg, List of castles - Styria, List of castles - Tirol, List of castles - Upper Austria, List of castles - Vorarlberg, List of castles - Castles of Belarus, List of castles - Castles of Belgium, List of castles - Castles of Canada, List of castles - Castles of China, List of castles - Castles of Cyprus, List of castles - Castles of the Czech Republic, List of castles - Castles of Denmark, List of castles - Castles of Estonia, List of castles - Castles of Finland, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of France, List of castles - Castles of Georgia, List of castles - Castles of Germany, List of castles - Castles of Greece, List of castles - Castles of Iran, List of castles - Castles in the Republic of Ireland, List of castles - Castles of Israel, List of castles - Castles of Italy, List of castles - South Tyrol former Austria, List of castles - Castles of Japan, List of castles - External link, List of castles - Castles of Latvia, List of castles - Castles of Lithuania, List of castles - Castles of Mexico, List of castles - Castles in Moldova, List of castles - Castles in the Netherlands, List of castles - Castles of New Zealand, List of castles - Castles of Norway, List of castles - Castles of Poland, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of Portugal, List of castles - Castles of Romania, List of castles - Castles of Russia, List of castles - Castles of Slovakia, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of Spain, List of castles - Castles of Switzerland, List of castles - Castles of Sweden, List of castles - Finnish castles, List of castles - Castles in Syria, List of castles - Castles in Ukraine, List of castles - Castles in the United Kingdom, List of castles - Castles in the United States, List of castles - Crusader Castles, List of castles - Fictional castles

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List of castles - South Tyrol former Austria. Schloss Sigmundskron Schloss Rafenstein Schloss Hocheppan ...

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List of castles, List of castles - Castles of Africa, List of castles - Castles of Armenia, List of castles - Castles of Austria, List of castles - Burgenland, List of castles - Carinthia, List of castles - Lower Austria, List of castles - Salzburg, List of castles - Styria, List of castles - Tirol, List of castles - Upper Austria, List of castles - Vorarlberg, List of castles - Castles of Belarus, List of castles - Castles of Belgium, List of castles - Castles of Canada, List of castles - Castles of China, List of castles - Castles of Cyprus, List of castles - Castles of the Czech Republic, List of castles - Castles of Denmark, List of castles - Castles of Estonia, List of castles - Castles of Finland, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of France, List of castles - Castles of Georgia, List of castles - Castles of Germany, List of castles - Castles of Greece, List of castles - Castles of Iran, List of castles - Castles in the Republic of Ireland, List of castles - Castles of Israel, List of castles - Castles of Italy, List of castles - South Tyrol former Austria, List of castles - Castles of Japan, List of castles - External link, List of castles - Castles of Latvia, List of castles - Castles of Lithuania, List of castles - Castles of Mexico, List of castles - Castles in Moldova, List of castles - Castles in the Netherlands, List of castles - Castles of New Zealand, List of castles - Castles of Norway, List of castles - Castles of Poland, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of Portugal, List of castles - Castles of Romania, List of castles - Castles of Russia, List of castles - Castles of Slovakia, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of Spain, List of castles - Castles of Switzerland, List of castles - Castles of Sweden, List of castles - Finnish castles, List of castles - Castles in Syria, List of castles - Castles in Ukraine, List of castles - Castles in the United Kingdom, List of castles - Castles in the United States, List of castles - Crusader Castles, List of castles - Fictional castles

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List of castles - External links. Polish Castles of Polish Castles I Gallery of Polish Castles II Gothic Castles in Poland Castles of Poland Polish Castles in Poland Castles of Poland ...

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List of castles, List of castles - Castles of Africa, List of castles - Castles of Armenia, List of castles - Castles of Austria, List of castles - Burgenland, List of castles - Carinthia, List of castles - Lower Austria, List of castles - Salzburg, List of castles - Styria, List of castles - Tirol, List of castles - Upper Austria, List of castles - Vorarlberg, List of castles - Castles of Belarus, List of castles - Castles of Belgium, List of castles - Castles of Canada, List of castles - Castles of China, List of castles - Castles of Cyprus, List of castles - Castles of the Czech Republic, List of castles - Castles of Denmark, List of castles - Castles of Estonia, List of castles - Castles of Finland, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of France, List of castles - Castles of Georgia, List of castles - Castles of Germany, List of castles - Castles of Greece, List of castles - Castles of Iran, List of castles - Castles in the Republic of Ireland, List of castles - Castles of Israel, List of castles - Castles of Italy, List of castles - South Tyrol former Austria, List of castles - Castles of Japan, List of castles - External link, List of castles - Castles of Latvia, List of castles - Castles of Lithuania, List of castles - Castles of Mexico, List of castles - Castles in Moldova, List of castles - Castles in the Netherlands, List of castles - Castles of New Zealand, List of castles - Castles of Norway, List of castles - Castles of Poland, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of Portugal, List of castles - Castles of Romania, List of castles - Castles of Russia, List of castles - Castles of Slovakia, List of castles - External links, List of castles - Castles of Spain, List of castles - Castles of Switzerland, List of castles - Castles of Sweden, List of castles - Finnish castles, List of castles - Castles in Syria, List of castles - Castles in Ukraine, List of castles - Castles in the United Kingdom, List of castles - Castles in the United States, List of castles - Crusader Castles, List of castles - Fictional castles

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List of castles - External link. Japanese castles (partially in English) – A list of 599 castles in Japan with pictures and maps of their locations. ...

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In 1703, Peter the Great founded the town of New Ladoga closer to the bank of Lake Ladoga. The ancient fortress thenceforth declined and came to be known as Old Ladoga, in order to distinguish it from the new town. The heart of Staraya Ladoga is an old fortress where the Yelena River flows into the Volkhov River. In earlier times, it was a strategic site because it was the only possible harbour for sea-ves ...

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Staraya Ladoga, Staraya Ladoga - Origin and name, Staraya Ladoga - Ladoga under Rurik and Rurikids, Staraya Ladoga - Sights and landmarks

Read more here: » Staraya Ladoga: Encyclopedia II - Staraya Ladoga - Sights and landmarks

Dendrochronology reports that Ladoga was founded in 753. Until 950, it was one of the most important trading ports of Eastern Europe. Merchant vessels sailed from the Baltic Sea through Ladoga to Novgorod and then to Constantinople or the Caspian Sea. This route is known as the Trade Route from the Varangians to the Greeks. Tellingly, the oldest Arabian Middle Age coin in Europe was unearthed in Ladoga. Old Ladoga's inhabitants were Vikings, Finns, and Slavs, hence different names for the city. The original Finnish name, Alode-joki (i.e., "lowland river"), was rendered as Aldeigja in Norse languag ...

See also:

Staraya Ladoga, Staraya Ladoga - Origin and name, Staraya Ladoga - Ladoga under Rurik and Rurikids, Staraya Ladoga - Sights and landmarks

Read more here: » Staraya Ladoga: Encyclopedia II - Staraya Ladoga - Origin and name