Spinoza

Spinoza: Encyclopedia II - Baruch Spinoza - Bibliography

Baruch Spinoza - By Spinoza. Short Treatise on God, Man and His Well-Being. 1662. On the Improvement of the Understanding. Project Gutenberg 1663. Principles of Cartesian Philosophy. 1670. Tractatus Theologico-Politicus (A Theologico-Political Treatise) Project Gutenberg: Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 1677. Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (The Ethics) Project Gutenberg. Another translation, by Jonathan Bennet ...

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Spinoza: Dharma In Other Religions

All other religions also lay stress on Dharma. Buddhism, Jainism, Christianity, Sikhism, Zoroastrianism, Islam are all remarkably alive to its value. Plato, Socrates, Aristotle, Kant, Swedenborg and Spinoza are all striking examples in the interesting history of Western philosophy for the high pedestal on which they have placed morality, duty and righteousness, and adored them all as the only means to the attainment of the goal of life. Each religion lays greater stress on certain aspects of Dharma.

Excerpt from All About Hinduism by Sri Swami Sivananda

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Spinoza: Encyclopedia - Will sociology

In sociology, will is a concept, introduced by Ferdinand Toennies (see there), in "Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft", 1887. Toennies' approach was very much indebted to Spinoza's dictum voluntas atque intellectus unum et idem sunt ("will as well as ratio are one and the same"). Other related archivesFerdinand Toennies, Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft, Spinoza, sociology

Spinoza: Encyclopedia - Causality

The philosophical concept of causality or causation refers to the set of all particular "causal" or "cause-and-effect" relations. A neutral definition is notoriously hard to provide since every aspect of causation has received substantial debate. Most generally, causation is a relationship that holds between events, objects, variables, or states of affairs. It is usually presumed that the cause chronologically precedes the effect. Finally, the existence of a causal relationship generally suggests that - all other things bein ...

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Causality - Causation in the history of philosophy

Causality - Causation in religion and theology

Causality - Causality in science and the humanities

Causality - Causality in law

Spinoza: Encyclopedia - René Descartes

René Descartes (IPA: /deˈkaʁt/, March 31, 1596 – February 11, 1650), also known as Cartesius, was a noted French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist. Dubbed the "Founder of Modern Philosophy" and the "Father of Modern Mathematics," he ranks as one of the most important and influential thinkers of modern times. For good or ill, much of subsequent western philosophy is a reaction to his writings, which have been ...

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Spinoza: Encyclopedia - Contributions to liberal theory

This is an (partial) overview of individuals that contributed to the development of liberal theory on a worldwide scale and therefore are strongly associated with the liberal tradition and instrumental in the exposition of political liberalism as a philosophy. The contributors are listed in approximately chronological order, beginning from the roots of realism, rationalism and humanism in the Renaissance, all movements which were influential in the creation of what is thought of as liberal political theory. These include Desiderius Erasmus, ...

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Spinoza: Encyclopedia - Sephardi Jews

Israel: nn Europe: nn South Africa: nn Oceania: nn • Ashkenazi Jews • Mizrahi Jews • Other Jewish groups Sephardi Jews (ספרדי, Standard Hebrew Səfardi, Tiberian Hebrew Səp̄ardî; plural Sephardim: ספרדים, Standard Hebrew Sfaradim, Tiberian Hebrew Səp̄ardîm< ...

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Sephardi Jews - Other Sephardic Pedigrees

Spinoza: Encyclopedia - Antonio Negri

Antonio Negri (1933- ) is a moral and political philosopher from Italy. Negri is perhaps most well-known for his co-authorship of Empire and his work on Spinoza. Born in Padua, he became a political philosophy professor in his hometown university. Negri founded Potere Operaio (Worker Power) group in 1969 and was a leading member of the Autonomia Marxist group. Accused in the early 1980s of being the mastermind behind the May 1978 assassination of Aldo Moro, leader of Christian-Democrat Party, Negri was later cleared of a ...

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Spinoza: Encyclopedia - Multitude

Multitude is a term of Spinoza's taken up by political theorists Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri in the international best-seller Empire (2000) and expanded upon in their recent Multitude (2004). Adopted in polemic opposition to the term "the people," (as well as to related figures of political subjectivity such as "class") which is associated by Hardt & Negri (and by other Italian and French political thinkers associated with Autonomist Marxism and its sequelae, including Sylvère Lotringer, Paolo Virno, and ...

Spinoza: Encyclopedia - Louis Althusser

Louis Pierre Althusser (October 16, 1918 - October 23, 1990) was a Marxist philosopher. He was born in Algeria and studied at the prestigious École Normale Supérieure in Paris, where he eventually became Professor of Philosophy. He was a leading academic proponent of the French Communist Party and his arguments were a response to multiple threats to the ideological foundations of that socialist project. These included both the threat from an empiricism which was beginning to invade Marxist sociology and economics, and a threa ...

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Louis Althusser - Biographical information

Louis Althusser - Thought

Spinoza: Encyclopedia II - Baruch Spinoza - Bibliography

Baruch Spinoza - By Spinoza. Short Treatise on God, Man and His Well-Being. 1662. On the Improvement of the Understanding. Project Gutenberg 1663. Principles of Cartesian Philosophy. 1670. Tractatus Theologico-Politicus (A Theologico-Political Treatise) Project Gutenberg: Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 1677. Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata (The Ethics) Project Gutenberg. Another translation, by Jonathan Bennet ...

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