socio-economic

Over the course of the history of abortion, induced abortions have been a source of considerable debate and controversy regarding the morality and legality of this practice. An individual's position on the complex ethical, moral, philosophical, biological, and legal issues have a strong relationship with that individual's value system. A person's position on abortion may be best described as a combination of their personal beliefs on the morality of abortion, and that person's beliefs on the ethical scope and responsibility of legitimate governmental and legal authority. Another factor for many individuals is rel ...

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Abortion, Abortion - Definitions, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Incidence, Abortion - Induced abortion methods, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Social issues, Abortion - Unsafe abortion, Abortion - Sex-selective abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Abortion debate

A number of of complex issues exist in the debate over abortion. These, like the suggested effects upon health listed above, are a focus of research and a fixture of discussion among members on all sides the controversy. Abortion - Unsafe abortion. Main articles: Unsafe abortions, and [[]], See also:

Abortion, Abortion - Definitions, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Incidence, Abortion - Induced abortion methods, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Social issues, Abortion - Unsafe abortion, Abortion - Sex-selective abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

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The practice of induced abortion, according to some anthropologists, can be traced to ancient times. There is evidence to suggest that, historically, pregnancies were terminated through a number of methods, including the administration of abortifacient herbs, the use of sharpened implements, the application of abdominal pressure, and other techniques. Soranus, a 2nd century Greek physician, suggested in his work Gynaecology that women wishing to abort their pregnancies should engage in violent exercise, energetic jumping, carry ...

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Abortion, Abortion - Definitions, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Incidence, Abortion - Induced abortion methods, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Social issues, Abortion - Unsafe abortion, Abortion - Sex-selective abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - History of abortion

To date, two serious studies of the early history of the Technocratic movement have been published: William E. Akin, Technocracy and the American Dream: The Technocrat Movement, 1900-1941 (University of California Press, 1977) ISBN 0520031105 Henry Elsner, The Technocrats, Prophets of Automation (Syracuse University Press, 1967) Elsner's account is from a sociological perspective and so might provide more social theory than history. Akin's book is much more detailed, though deals m ...

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Technocratic movement, Technocratic movement - History, Technocratic movement - Goals and ideology, Technocratic movement - Ideology in detail, Technocratic movement - Design of a technate, Technocratic movement - Elimination of money: The era of Energy Accounting, Technocratic movement - Criticisms of the movement, Technocratic movement - Connections to other definitions of technocracy, Technocratic movement - Books on the Technocratic movement

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A1 Higher 100 Ordinary 60 A2 Higher 90 Ordinary 50 B1 Higher 85 Ordinary 45 B2 Higher 80 Ordinary 40 B3 Higher 75 Ordinary 35 C1 Higher 70 Ordinary 30 C2 Higher 65 Ordinary 25 C3 Higher 60 Ordinary 20 D1 Higher 55 Ordinary 15 D2 Higher 50 Ordinary 10 D3 Higher 45 Ordinary 5 ...

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Leaving Certificate, Leaving Certificate - Programs, Leaving Certificate - Undergraduate admission, Leaving Certificate - Republic of Ireland, Leaving Certificate - United Kingdom, Leaving Certificate - List of available subjects, Leaving Certificate - Grading, Leaving Certificate - Points, Leaving Certificate - International Reputation

Read more here: » Leaving Certificate: Encyclopedia II - Leaving Certificate - Points

The practice of induced abortion, according to some anthropologists, can be traced to ancient times. There is evidence to suggest that, historically, pregnancies were terminated through a number of methods, including the administration of abortifacient herbs, the use of sharpened implements, the application of abdominal pressure, and other techniques. Soranus, a 2nd century Greek physician, suggested in his work Gynaecology that women wishing to abort their pregnancies should engage in violent exercise, energetic jumping, carry ...

See also:

Abortion, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Induced abortions, Abortion - Methods of inducing abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Physical health, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - History of abortion

Throughout the history of abortion, induced abortions have been a source of considerable debate and controversy regarding the morality and legality of this practice. An individual's position on the complex ethical, moral, philosophical, biological, and legal issues have a strong relationship with that individual's value system. A person's position on abortion may be best described as a combination of their personal beliefs on the morality of induced abortion, and that person's beliefs on the ethical scope and responsibility of legitimate governmental and legal auth ...

See also:

Abortion, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Induced abortions, Abortion - Methods of inducing abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Physical health, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Abortion debate

Depending on the gestational age of the embryo or fetus, different methods of abortion can be performed to remove the embryo or fetus from the womb. Abortion - Chemical abortion. Main article: Chemical abortion Effective in the first trimester of pregnancy, chemical, or non-surgical abortions comprise 10% of all abortions in the United States and Europe. The process begins with the administration of either methotrexate or mifepristone, followed by misoprostol. While misoprostol m ...

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Abortion, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Induced abortions, Abortion - Methods of inducing abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Physical health, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Methods of inducing abortion

The term "abortion" is usually used by lay people to refer to induced abortion. Women from 27 nations reported the following reasons for seeking an induced abortion: [1] 25.5% – Want to postpone childbearing 21.3% – Cannot afford a baby 14.1% – Has relationship problem or partner does not want pregnancy 12.2% – Too young; parent(s) or other(s) object to pregnancy 10.8% – Having a child w ...

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Abortion, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Induced abortions, Abortion - Methods of inducing abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Physical health, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Induced abortions

Spontaneous abortions, generally referred to as miscarriages, occur when an embryo or fetus is lost due to natural causes. A miscarriage is spontaneous loss of the embryo or fetus before the 20th week of development. Spontaneous abortions after the 20th week are generally considered preterm deliveries. Up to 78% of all conceptions may fail, in most cases even before pregnancy is confirmed. 15% of all confirmed pregnancies end in a miscarriage. Most miscarriages occur very early in a pregnancy. Early embryonic development is an error p ...

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Abortion, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Induced abortions, Abortion - Methods of inducing abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Physical health, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Spontaneous abortion

The Soviet Union (1920) and Iceland (1935) were some of the first countries to generally allow abortion. The second half of the twentieth century saw the liberalization of abortion laws in many other countries. In 1973, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down state laws banning abortion, controversially ruling that such laws violated an inferred right to privacy in the U.S. Constitution. The Supreme Court of Canada, similarly, discarded its criminal code regarding abortion in 1988, after ruling that such restrictions violated the security of pers ...

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Abortion, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Induced abortions, Abortion - Methods of inducing abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Physical health, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Abortion law

The Catholic Encyclopedia, 1908, mentions four classes of Ebionite writings: Ebionite Gospel. The Ebionites used only the Gospel of Matthew (according to Irenaeus). Eusebius (Historia Ecclesiae IV, xxi, 8) mentions a Gospel of the Hebrews, which is often identified as the Aramaic original of Matthew, written with Hebrew letters. Such a work was known to Hegesippus ( according to Eusebius, Historia Eccl., ), Origen (according to Jerome, De vir., ill., ii), and to Clement of Alexandria (Strom., I ...

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Ebionites, Ebionites - History, Ebionites - Ebionite writings, Ebionites - Modern Ebionites

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In Karl Marx's critique of political economy, capital accumulation refers to the chrematistic operation whereby a sum of money is transformed into a larger sum of money (capitalism is this money-making activity, although Marx often equates capitalism with the capitalist mode of production). Here, capital is defined essentially as economic or commercial asset value in search of additional value or surplus-value. This require ...

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Capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Harrod-Domar model, Capital accumulation - Psychology sociology and ethics of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Marxian concept of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - The rate and measurement of accumulation, Capital accumulation - The origin of capital accumulation in trade, Capital accumulation - The circuit of capital accumulation from production, Capital accumulation - Simple and expanded reproduction, Capital accumulation - Different forms of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation as social relation, Capital accumulation - Regime of accumulation, Capital accumulation - Environmental criticism of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation and risk, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation and military wars, Capital accumulation - New developments in capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - A few references to works of theory

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There have been numerous psychological and sociological studies of the motivations of investment behaviour by individuals. Most of these suggest that the propensity to accumulate capital is associated with qualities such as an intelligent understanding of property ownership, a positive attitude towards money, the ability to seize a money-making opportunity, and a desire to acquire more wealth. These are not innate or genetic qualities, but learnt through social experience. However, even if a strong motivation for enrichment exists, th ...

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Capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Harrod-Domar model, Capital accumulation - Psychology sociology and ethics of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Marxian concept of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - The rate and measurement of accumulation, Capital accumulation - The origin of capital accumulation in trade, Capital accumulation - The circuit of capital accumulation from production, Capital accumulation - Simple and expanded reproduction, Capital accumulation - Different forms of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation as social relation, Capital accumulation - Regime of accumulation, Capital accumulation - Environmental criticism of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation and risk, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation and military wars, Capital accumulation - New developments in capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - A few references to works of theory

Read more here: » Capital accumulation: Encyclopedia II - Capital accumulation - Psychology sociology and ethics of capital accumulation

In macroeconomics, following the Harrod-Domar model, the savings ratio (s) and the capital coefficient (k) are regarded as critical factors for accumulation and growth, assuming that all saving is used to finance fixed investment. The rate of growth of the real stock of fixed capital (K) is: where Y is the real national income. If the capital-output ratio or capital coeffi ...

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Capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Harrod-Domar model, Capital accumulation - Psychology sociology and ethics of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Marxian concept of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - The rate and measurement of accumulation, Capital accumulation - The origin of capital accumulation in trade, Capital accumulation - The circuit of capital accumulation from production, Capital accumulation - Simple and expanded reproduction, Capital accumulation - Different forms of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation as social relation, Capital accumulation - Regime of accumulation, Capital accumulation - Environmental criticism of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation and risk, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation and military wars, Capital accumulation - New developments in capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - A few references to works of theory

Read more here: » Capital accumulation: Encyclopedia II - Capital accumulation - Harrod-Domar model

In 1985, Shemayah Phillips founded a movement that would eventually grow into the online Ebionite Jewish Community by 1995. This movement claims to be the legitimate descendant in teaching and practice of the original Ebionites. The Ebionite Jewish Community promotes Yahwism, the recognition of Jesus as a Jewish prophet (rather than as a Messiah as he is portrayed in Christian writing), and claims that Christianity is not a biblically-based religion. Ebionites actively campaign against missionary work done by Christian groups, and encourages a return to a written Torah approach to Judaism ...

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Ebionites, Ebionites - History, Ebionites - Ebionite writings, Ebionites - Modern Ebionites

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The pre-history of the CSA concept is still somewhat sketchy, and not well-documented. It is pieced together from a variety of anecdotal stories, first-person accounts, magazine articles, and coverage in small-press publications. The Internet has helped to draw together various threads, and make available a number of what would otherwise be obscure sources. According to most sources, community supported agriculture began in the early 1960's in Germany, Switzerland, and Japan as a response to concerns about food safety and the urbaniza ...

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Community-supported agriculture, Community-supported agriculture - The CSA System, Community-supported agriculture - History

Read more here: » Community-supported agriculture: Encyclopedia II - Community-supported agriculture - History

In medicine, the following terms are used to define an abortion: Spontaneous abortion: An abortion due to accidental trauma or natural causes. These are also termed miscarriages. Induced abortion: An abortion deliberately caused. Induced abortions are further subcategorized into therapeutic abortions and elective abortions: Therapeutic abortion: An abortion performed because the pregnancy poses physical or mental health risk to the pregnant woman. Elective abortion: An abortion performed ...

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Abortion, Abortion - Definitions, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Induced abortions, Abortion - Methods of inducing abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Physical health, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Definitions

The term Western is usually associated with the cultural tradition that traces its origins to Greek thought and Christian religion. (See Western culture.) Some cornerstones in this tradition are arguably: deductive reasoning, rule of law, also Christianity had major influence in the western thought, especially the last 1500 years. Western society may be thought of as following an evolution that began with the Greek philosophers of Athens such as Solon and Socrates. It continued through the Roman Empire and, with the addition of ...

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Western world, Western world - Western countries, Western world - Historical, Western world - Cold War, Western world - Post-Cold War, Western world - Further definitions, Western world - Western life, Western world - Western thought

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In Marxian economics, the rate of accumulation is defined as (1) the value of the real net increase in the stock of capital in an accounting period, (2) the proportion of realised surplus-value or profit-income which is reinvested, rather than consumed. This rate can be expressed by means of various ratios between the original capital outlay, the realised turnover, surplus-value or profit and reinvestments (see e.g. the writings of the economist Michal Kalecki). Other things being equal, the greater the amount of profit-income ...

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Capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Harrod-Domar model, Capital accumulation - Psychology sociology and ethics of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Marxian concept of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - The rate and measurement of accumulation, Capital accumulation - The origin of capital accumulation in trade, Capital accumulation - The circuit of capital accumulation from production, Capital accumulation - Simple and expanded reproduction, Capital accumulation - Different forms of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation as social relation, Capital accumulation - Regime of accumulation, Capital accumulation - Environmental criticism of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation and risk, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation and military wars, Capital accumulation - New developments in capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - A few references to works of theory

Read more here: » Capital accumulation: Encyclopedia II - Capital accumulation - The rate and measurement of accumulation

In the simplest circuit of commercial trade, a sum of money M is loaned and returned with interest as the larger sum M'. Or, as a variation, M is traded for another currency, which rises in value. In counter-trade (a form of barter in which money may be used only to value goods and services), a commodity C exchanges for another commodity C', which may ...

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Capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Harrod-Domar model, Capital accumulation - Psychology sociology and ethics of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Marxian concept of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - The rate and measurement of accumulation, Capital accumulation - The origin of capital accumulation in trade, Capital accumulation - The circuit of capital accumulation from production, Capital accumulation - Simple and expanded reproduction, Capital accumulation - Different forms of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation as social relation, Capital accumulation - Regime of accumulation, Capital accumulation - Environmental criticism of capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation and risk, Capital accumulation - Capital accumulation and military wars, Capital accumulation - New developments in capital accumulation, Capital accumulation - A few references to works of theory

Read more here: » Capital accumulation: Encyclopedia II - Capital accumulation - The origin of capital accumulation in trade

Leaving Certificate - Republic of Ireland. School leavers who want to attend undergraduate courses in Irish colleges and universities have to enter the clearing house run by the Central Applications Office (CAO). Admission is based solely on examination results, usually from the Established Leaving Certificate. Six subjects are scored for the purposes of admission, each grade is translated into "points" - this can vary from 5 to 100 such points depending on the results thus a maximum of 600 can be obtained. Institutions can also set minimum grade requireme ...

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Leaving Certificate, Leaving Certificate - Programs, Leaving Certificate - Undergraduate admission, Leaving Certificate - Republic of Ireland, Leaving Certificate - United Kingdom, Leaving Certificate - List of available subjects, Leaving Certificate - Grading, Leaving Certificate - Points, Leaving Certificate - International Reputation

Read more here: » Leaving Certificate: Encyclopedia II - Leaving Certificate - Undergraduate admission