Howard Scott started the Technocratic movement as the Technical Alliance in the winter of 1918-1919. The Technical Alliance, composed of mostly scientists and engineers, started an energy survey of the North American continent near the beginning of the 20th century. Many of their conclusions gave a scientific background upon which they based their social structure. In 1933, the group became incorporated in the state of New York as a non-profit, non-political, non-sectarian organization known as Technocracy Inc. Led by Scott, then director-in ...

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Technocratic movement, Technocratic movement - History, Technocratic movement - Goals and ideology, Technocratic movement - Ideology in detail, Technocratic movement - Design of a technate, Technocratic movement - Elimination of money: The era of Energy Accounting, Technocratic movement - Criticisms of the movement, Technocratic movement - Connections to other definitions of technocracy, Technocratic movement - Books on the Technocratic movement, Technocratic movement - Technocracy in Fiction

Read more here: » Technocratic movement: Encyclopedia II - Technocratic movement - History

Although relied upon by impoverished governments around the world as a contributor of development finance, the World Bank is often and primarily criticised by opponents of corporate "neo-colonial" globalization. These advocates of alter-globalization fault the bank for undermining the national sovereignty of recipient countries through various structural adjustment programs that pursue economic liberali ...

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World Bank Group, World Bank Group - Organizational structure, World Bank Group - World Bank Group agencies, World Bank Group - Presidency, World Bank Group - Goals, World Bank Group - Criticism, World Bank Group - Evaluation at the World Bank, World Bank Group - Social and environmental concerns, World Bank Group - The Independent Evaluation Group, World Bank Group - Extractive Industries Review, World Bank Group - Impact Evaluations, World Bank Group - Notes, World Bank Group - List of Presidents, World Bank Group - List of chief economists

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After his retirement from the army, on April 1983, Eitan entered politics. He had the image of the sabra Israeli who connected to his roots and to the land. His background in agriculture and hobbies such as wood work and flight contributed to this image, which attracted many in the Israeli public. Eitan was considered to be a conservative advocating repressive policies toward the Palestinians. On April 12, 1983 Eitan told Israel Radio that Palestinians who endanger cars on the road should be treated aggressively and their freedom of movement should be narrowed until they ...

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Rafael Eitan, Rafael Eitan - Military career, Rafael Eitan - Early battles, Rafael Eitan - Chief of Staff, Rafael Eitan - Lebanon War, Rafael Eitan - Political career, Rafael Eitan - Death, Rafael Eitan - Books

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After longstanding criticisms from civil society of the Bank's involvement in the oil, gas, and mining sectors, the World Bank in July 2001 launched an independent review called the Extractive Industries Review (not to be confused with Environmental Impact Report). The review was to take into account the World Bank Group's overall mission of poverty reduction and the promotion of sustainable development. The EIR recommendations were published in January 2004 in a final report entitled "Striking a Better Balance",[2] and, concluding th ...

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World Bank Group, World Bank Group - Organizational structure, World Bank Group - World Bank Group agencies, World Bank Group - Presidency, World Bank Group - Goals, World Bank Group - Criticism, World Bank Group - Evaluation at the World Bank, World Bank Group - Social and environmental concerns, World Bank Group - The Independent Evaluation Group, World Bank Group - Extractive Industries Review, World Bank Group - Impact Evaluations, World Bank Group - Notes, World Bank Group - List of Presidents, World Bank Group - List of chief economists

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Howard Scott started the Technocratic movement as the Technical Alliance in the winter of 1918-1919. The Technical Alliance, composed of mostly scientists and engineers, started an energy survey of the North American continent near the beginning of the 20th century. Many of their conclusions gave a scientific background upon which they based their social structure. In 1933, the group became incorporated in the state of New York as a non-profit, non-political, non-sectarian organization known as Technocracy Inc. Led by Scott, then director-in ...

See also:

Technocratic movement, Technocratic movement - History, Technocratic movement - Goals and ideology, Technocratic movement - Ideology in detail, Technocratic movement - Design of a technate, Technocratic movement - Elimination of money: The era of Energy Accounting, Technocratic movement - Criticisms of the movement, Technocratic movement - Connections to other definitions of technocracy, Technocratic movement - Books on the Technocratic movement

Read more here: » Technocratic movement: Encyclopedia II - Technocratic movement - History

Spontaneous abortions, generally referred to as miscarriages, occur when an embryo or fetus is lost due to natural causes. A miscarriage is spontaneous loss of the embryo or fetus before the 20th week of development. Spontaneous abortions after the 20th week are generally considered to be preterm deliveries. Most miscarriages occur very early in a pregnancy. Approximately 10-50% of pregnancies end in miscarriage, depending upon the age and health of the pregnant woman. ^{See also:}

Abortion, Abortion - Definitions, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Incidence, Abortion - Induced abortion methods, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Social issues, Abortion - Unsafe abortion, Abortion - Sex-selective abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Spontaneous abortion

In 2001, the census recorded that 25% of the population of the brough was from an ethnic minority. The highest ethnic populations were recorded in wards in the east of the borough. The percentage of population from ethnic minorities is predicted to rise across the borough within the next decade. According to the council's comparative assessment of wards made in 2004, the most deprived wards within the borough were in the south and east where unemployment rates, educational attainment and the quality of health were worst. The most aff ...

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London Borough of Merton, London Borough of Merton - Parts of Merton, London Borough of Merton - Composition of the Council, London Borough of Merton - Key Facts, London Borough of Merton - External link

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The World Bank Group’s mission is to fight poverty and improve the living standards of people in the developing world. It provides long term loans, grants, and technical assistance, to help developing countries implement their poverty reduction strategies. As such, World Bank financing is used in many different areas, from reforms in health and education to environmental and infrastructure projects, including dams, roads, and national parks. In addition to financing, the World Bank Group provides advice and assistance to developing countries on al ...

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World Bank Group, World Bank Group - Organizational structure, World Bank Group - World Bank Group agencies, World Bank Group - Presidency, World Bank Group - Goals, World Bank Group - Criticism, World Bank Group - Evaluation at the World Bank, World Bank Group - Social and environmental concerns, World Bank Group - The Independent Evaluation Group, World Bank Group - Extractive Industries Review, World Bank Group - Impact Evaluations, World Bank Group - Notes, World Bank Group - List of Presidents, World Bank Group - List of chief economists

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A1 Higher 100 Ordinary 60 A2 Higher 90 Ordinary 50 B1 Higher 85 Ordinary 45 B2 Higher 80 Ordinary 40 B3 Higher 75 Ordinary 35 C1 Higher 70 Ordinary 30 C2 Higher 65 Ordinary 25 C3 Higher 60 Ordinary 20 D1 Higher 55 Ordinary 15 D2 Higher 50 Ordinary 10 D3 Higher 45 Ordinary 5 In the Leaving Certificate Vocational Programme, students may obtain a Distinction (70 po ...

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Leaving Certificate, Leaving Certificate - Programs, Leaving Certificate - Undergraduate admission, Leaving Certificate - Republic of Ireland, Leaving Certificate - United Kingdom, Leaving Certificate - List of available subjects, Leaving Certificate - Grading, Leaving Certificate - Points, Leaving Certificate - International Reputation

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There is an estimated total of 242 languages spoken in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Out of these, only 4 have the status of national languages: Kikongo, Lingala, Tshiluba and Swahili. Lingala was made the official language of the army under Mobutu, but since the rebellions the army also uses Swahili in the West. French is the official language of the country. It is meant to be an ethnically neutral language, to ease communication between all the different ethnic groups of the Congo. When the country was a Belgia ...

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Democratic Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo - History, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Congolese pre-history, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Medieval kingdoms, Democratic Republic of the Congo - European exploration and administration 1870–1960, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Political Crises 1960-1965, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Zaire 1965–1996, Democratic Republic of the Congo - War 1996–present, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Politics, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Political divisions, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Major cities, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Geography, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Economy, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Demographics, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Languages, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Culture, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Flora and fauna, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Miscellaneous topics

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In the 1960s, Malaysia began its first stage of Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI), which consisted of high tariffs to motivate domestic investment, the underpricing of fuel and utilities to keep production costs down and tax and interest rate breaks to pioneer industries. In 1970 there was a huge underclass of Bumiputras, whose economic conditions had remained largely unchanged under the ISI. In 1970, the Malaysian Government estimated that Bumiputras held roughly 2.4% of Malaysia's economy, compa ...

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Malaysian New Economic Policy, Malaysian New Economic Policy - History, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Goals, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Results, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Criticisms, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Notes and references, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Other references

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The NEP had the stated goal of poverty eradication and economic restructuring so as to eliminate the identification of ethnicity with economic function. the initial target was to move the ratio of economic ownership in Malaysia from a 2.4:33:63 ratio of Bumiputra, Other Malaysian, Foreigner ownership to a 30:40:30 ration. This was to be done by redistributing the wealth to increase the ownership of enterprise by Bumiputras fro ...

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Malaysian New Economic Policy, Malaysian New Economic Policy - History, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Goals, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Results, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Criticisms, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Notes and references, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Other references

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The Legislative Assembly was the lower house of a normal Westminster style bicameral parlaiment. The upper chamber, the Legislative Council having been in the style of a senate house. In 1922 the Legislative Council took the unusual step of voting to abolish itsef, leaving Queensland with only the Legistaive Assembly. ...

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Queensland Legislative Assembly, Queensland Legislative Assembly - Recent events, Queensland Legislative Assembly - Current distribution of seats, Queensland Legislative Assembly - Prior to 1922, Queensland Legislative Assembly - Queensland's Gerrymander

Read more here: » Queensland Legislative Assembly: Encyclopedia II - Queensland Legislative Assembly - Prior to 1922

(as at declaration of August 20, 2005 by-elections) (see detailed list) ...

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Queensland Legislative Assembly, Queensland Legislative Assembly - Recent events, Queensland Legislative Assembly - Current distribution of seats, Queensland Legislative Assembly - Prior to 1922, Queensland Legislative Assembly - Queensland's Gerrymander

Read more here: » Queensland Legislative Assembly: Encyclopedia II - Queensland Legislative Assembly - Current distribution of seats

As a result of NEP, the wealth in the hands of the bumiputras went from 4% in 1970 to about 20% in 1997. The disparity of wealth in Malaysia no longer disadvantaged the Bumiputra collectively. Wealth distribution under the NEP remains unequal: in 1997, 70.2 percent of households in the bottom 40 percent income group were Bumiputra, while 62.7 percent of households in the top 20 percent income bracket were non-Bumiputra. In addition, due to the dramatic government intervention, the NEP increased the national debt and economic inef ...

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Malaysian New Economic Policy, Malaysian New Economic Policy - History, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Goals, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Results, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Criticisms, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Notes and references, Malaysian New Economic Policy - Other references

Read more here: » Malaysian New Economic Policy: Encyclopedia II - Malaysian New Economic Policy - Results

From the day King Leopold II established colonial authority in what is now Congo-Kinshasa to today, the country's government has been unstable. This is reflected in its seven name changes since 1885: (1) Congo Free State (1885–1908), (2) Belgian Congo (1908–60 [this, incidentally, was the longest period of tranquility the country has experienced]), (3) Republic of The Congo-Leopoldville (1960–64), (4) Democratic Republic of The Congo-Leopoldville (1964–66), (5) ...

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Democratic Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo - History, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Congolese pre-history, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Medieval kingdoms, Democratic Republic of the Congo - European exploration and administration 1870–1960, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Political Crises 1960-1965, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Zaire 1965–1996, Democratic Republic of the Congo - War 1996–present, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Politics, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Political divisions, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Major cities, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Geography, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Economy, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Demographics, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Languages, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Culture, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Flora and fauna, Democratic Republic of the Congo - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Democratic Republic of the Congo: Encyclopedia II - Democratic Republic of the Congo - Politics

The Soviet Union (1920) and Iceland (1935) were some of the first countries to generally allow abortion. The second half of the twentieth century saw the liberalization of abortion laws in many other countries. In 1973, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down state laws banning abortion, ruling that such laws violated an inferred right to privacy in the U.S. Constitution. The Supreme Court of Canada, similarly, discarded its criminal code regarding abortion in 1988, after ruling that such restrictions violated the security of person guaranteed to ...

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Abortion, Abortion - Definitions, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Incidence, Abortion - Induced abortion methods, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Social issues, Abortion - Unsafe abortion, Abortion - Sex-selective abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Abortion law

Pregnancy is defined by the medical community as beginning at the implantation of the embryo. The following terms are used to define an abortion: Spontaneous abortion: An abortion due to accidental trauma or natural causes. These are also termed miscarriages. Induced abortion: An abortion deliberately caused. Induced abortions are further subcategorized into therapeutic abortions and elective abortions: Therapeutic abortion: An abortion performed because the pregnancy po ...

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Abortion, Abortion - Definitions, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Incidence, Abortion - Induced abortion methods, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Social issues, Abortion - Unsafe abortion, Abortion - Sex-selective abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Definitions

As of December, 2001, the CBS' socio-economic ranking places the city slightly below the average, at 4 out of 10, with an average income of 4,476 shekels per annum to a national average of 6,835 shekels According to CBS, as of 2000, in the city there were 6,450 salaried workers and 523 are self-employed. The mean monthly wage in 2000 for a salaried worker in the city is ILS 4,476, a real change of 8.1% over the course of 2000. Salaried males have a mean monthly wage of ILS 5,631 (a real change of 10.2%) versus ILS 3,330 for females (a ...

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Safed, Safed - History, Safed - Demographics, Safed - Income, Safed - Education

Read more here: » Safed: Encyclopedia II - Safed - Income

According to CBS, in 2003 the ethnic makeup of the city was 97.2% Jewish and other non-Arabs, without significant Arab population. In 2001 there were 202 immigrant settlers. See Population groups in Israel. According to CBS, in 2001 there were 12,700 males and 13,200 females. The population of the city was spread out with 43.2% 19 years of age or younger, 13.5% between 20 and 29, 17.1% between 30 and 44, 12.5% from 45 to 59, 3.1% from 60 to 64, and 10.5% 65 years of age or older. The population growth ra ...

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Safed, Safed - History, Safed - Demographics, Safed - Income, Safed - Education

Read more here: » Safed: Encyclopedia II - Safed - Demographics

It has been estimated that the total number of induced abortions performed globally is approximately 46 million per year. 26 million of these are said to occur in places in which abortion is legal; the other 20 million happen where it is illegal. [2] The incidence of and reasons for induced abortion vary in regions in which abortion is generally permitted. Some countries, such as Belgium and the Netherlands, experience a low rate of induced abo ...

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Abortion, Abortion - Definitions, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Incidence, Abortion - Induced abortion methods, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Social issues, Abortion - Unsafe abortion, Abortion - Sex-selective abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Incidence

A pregnancy can be intentionally aborted in a number of ways. The manner selected depends chiefly upon the gestational age of the fetus, in addition to the legality, regional availability, and/or doctor-patient preference for specific procedures. Abortion - Surgical abortion. In the first fifteen weeks, suction-aspiration or vacuum abortion are the most common methods, replacing the more risky dilation and curettage (D & C). Manual vacuum aspiration, or MVA abortion, consists of removing the fet ...

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Abortion, Abortion - Definitions, Abortion - Spontaneous abortion, Abortion - Incidence, Abortion - Induced abortion methods, Abortion - Surgical abortion, Abortion - Chemical abortion, Abortion - Other means of abortion, Abortion - Health effects, Abortion - Suggested effects, Abortion - History of abortion, Abortion - Social issues, Abortion - Unsafe abortion, Abortion - Sex-selective abortion, Abortion - Abortion debate, Abortion - Public opinion, Abortion - Abortion law, Abortion - Sources

Read more here: » Abortion: Encyclopedia II - Abortion - Induced abortion methods