smuggling tunnels

Palestinian National Authority This article is part of the series: Politics of the Palestinian National Authority President: Mahmoud Abbas Prime Minister: Nabil Shaath Palestinian Legislative Council PLO List of political parties Elections: President: 2005 Legislative: 2006 Oslo Accords Al-Aqsa Intifada St ...

Including:

• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Prior events
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Timeline
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2000
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2001
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2002
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2003
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2004
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2005
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Tactics
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Palestinians
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Israel
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - The West Bank barrier
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - International Involvement
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Effects on Oslo Accords
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Economic and human costs

Read more here: » Al-Aqsa Intifada: Encyclopedia - Al-Aqsa Intifada

Caterpillar Inc. does not manufacture a military version of the D9 per se, but the attributes that make the D9 popular for major construction projects make it desirable for military applications as well, and in this role - with Israeli modifications and armor - it has been particularly effective for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and later for the United States armed forces (the Marine Corps and the US Army) in Ira ...

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Caterpillar D9, Caterpillar D9 - Engineering and technical description, Caterpillar D9 - Military applications, Caterpillar D9 - Israel, Caterpillar D9 - United States

Read more here: » Caterpillar D9: Encyclopedia II - Caterpillar D9 - Military applications

Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2000. On September 27, Sgt. David Biri (Information from Israeli government) was killed; Israeli sources typically view this as the start of the Intifada. On September 28, the Israeli opposition leader Ariel Sharon visited in the Temple Mount (called Har HaBayit in Hebrew, Al-Haram As-Sharif in Arabic) in the Old City of Jerusalem, the holiest site for Judaism, the third holiest site in Islam, and a place of special significance to Christianity. The pretext for Shar ...

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Al-Aqsa Intifada, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Prior events, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Timeline, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2000, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2001, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2002, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2003, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2004, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2005, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Tactics, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Palestinians, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Israel, Al-Aqsa Intifada - The West Bank barrier, Al-Aqsa Intifada - International Involvement, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Effects on Oslo Accords, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Economic and human costs

Read more here: » Al-Aqsa Intifada: Encyclopedia II - Al-Aqsa Intifada - Timeline

The 30 mile (52 kilometer) long barrier was constructed in 1994 by Israel under the leadership of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. It consists mainly of a wire fence with posts, sensors, and buffer zones. There are several crossing points in the barrier: Erez Crossing, the Rafah Crossing, Sufa crossing, Kissufim crossing, and the Karni crossing used mainly for cargo. The barrier is augmented by an open observation area 300 meters wide on the Gaza side of the barrier. Israel claims that the barrier has been effective in preventing terror ...

See also:

Israeli Gaza Strip barrier, Israeli Gaza Strip barrier - Overview, Israeli Gaza Strip barrier - History and Purpose, Israeli Gaza Strip barrier - Erez Crossing, Israeli Gaza Strip barrier - Karni Crossing, Israeli Gaza Strip barrier - List of attacks on Gaza Strip crossing points, Israeli Gaza Strip barrier - List of attacks through Gaza Strip crossing points, Israeli Gaza Strip barrier - External link

Read more here: » Israeli Gaza Strip barrier: Encyclopedia II - Israeli Gaza Strip barrier - Overview

On May 11 and May 12, two armoured personnel carriers of Givati's Dolev combat engineering battalion were destroyed by Palestinian militants. The two separate attacks, in Gaza City's Zeitoun neigbourhood and the Philadelphi Route near Rafah and the Egyptian border, claimed the lives of 11 soldiers. Palestinian Islamic Jihad guerrillas took parts of the remains, mutilating the bodies and disgracing them. [2] That caused an outrage in Israel, eventually leading to a massive operation in the neighbourhood of Zeitoun and in Rafah. [3],[4] ...

See also:

Operation Rainbow, Operation Rainbow - Causes, Operation Rainbow - Events, Operation Rainbow - Protesters incident, Operation Rainbow - Results, Operation Rainbow - Footnotes

Read more here: » Operation Rainbow: Encyclopedia II - Operation Rainbow - Causes

Sayeret Yahalom - General Activities. Sayeret Yahalom (SY) is one of the most classified units in the IDF and almost none of its special activities are exposed to the public. Usually, when its activities are published, they are just credited to a "combat engineering force" (a term which used interchangeably for regular Engineering sappers, IDF Caterpillar D9 operators and infantry engineering companies). Foreign sources (such as Janes Defence Weekly) claim that Sayeret Yahalom are working closely with Sayeret Matkal and Shayetet-13 ...

See also:

Sayeret Yahalom, Sayeret Yahalom - Organization and Activities, Sayeret Yahalom - General Activities, Sayeret Yahalom - Sub Units, Sayeret Yahalom - Weapons and means, Sayeret Yahalom - Activities during the Al-Aqsa Intifada, Sayeret Yahalom - Joining the unit and Trainings

Read more here: » Sayeret Yahalom: Encyclopedia II - Sayeret Yahalom - Organization and Activities

The Israeli military frequently uses armored bulldozers to destroy buildings and farmland in Rafah, inside what Israel has claimed as a "security zone" ("no man's land") near the border with Egypt. The IDF says that the demolitions are intended to uncover explosive devices, and destroy smuggling tunnels and firing positions. Palestinians are sometimes killed in demolition operations, which critics consider to be a form of collective punishment in violation of international law. Proponents s ...

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Rachel Corrie, Rachel Corrie - Early life, Rachel Corrie - Activities in Gaza, Rachel Corrie - Corrie's death, Rachel Corrie - Responsibility for Corrie's death, Rachel Corrie - International reaction, Rachel Corrie - Memorials, Rachel Corrie - Lawsuit, Rachel Corrie - Attempted kidnapping of Rachel's parents

Read more here: » Rachel Corrie: Encyclopedia II - Rachel Corrie - Corrie's death

Palestinian National Authority - Violence against civilians. The Palestinian Human Rights Monitoring Group reports everyday disagreements and clashes between the various political factions, families and cities that a complete picture of Palestinian society is painted. These divisions have during the course of the al Aqsa Intifada also led to an increasingly violent ‘Intrafada’. In the 10 year period from 1993 to ...

See also:

Palestinian National Authority, Palestinian National Authority - Officials, Palestinian National Authority - Political parties and elections, Palestinian National Authority - Politics and Internal structure, Palestinian National Authority - Current events, Palestinian National Authority - Finances, Palestinian National Authority - Use of European Union assistance, Palestinian National Authority - Payments to Palestinian prisoners in Israeli prisons, Palestinian National Authority - Allegations of lawlessness in Palestinian areas, Palestinian National Authority - Violence against civilians, Palestinian National Authority - Violence against officials, Palestinian National Authority - Footnotes

Read more here: » Palestinian National Authority: Encyclopedia II - Palestinian National Authority - Allegations of lawlessness in Palestinian areas

The Israeli Engineering Corps ( IEC חה"ן ) are based upon the sabotage unit of the Palmach and the tractors operators units of the Israeli War of Independence. In the first years, the IEC drew their soldiers mainly from Jews who served in the British Royal Engineers. The IEC have record of great professional achievements and breaking-through decorations. The Engineering Corps' most famous operation is the breaching of the Suez Canal in Yom Kippur War. Is ...

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Israeli Engineering Corps, Israeli Engineering Corps - Roles, Israeli Engineering Corps - History, Israeli Engineering Corps - In the Israeli wars, Israeli Engineering Corps - The October 2000 Lebanon abduction, Israeli Engineering Corps - The al-Aqsa Intifada

Read more here: » Israeli Engineering Corps: Encyclopedia II - Israeli Engineering Corps - History

Palestinian National Authority - Violence against civilians. The Palestinian Human Rights Monitoring Group reports everyday disagreements and clashes between the various political factions, families and cities that a complete picture of Palestinian society is painted. These divisions have during the course of the al Aqsa Intifada also led to an increasingly violent ‘Intrafada’. In the 10 year period from 1993 to ...

See also:

Palestinian National Authority, Palestinian National Authority - Officials, Palestinian National Authority - Political parties and elections, Palestinian National Authority - Politics and Internal structure, Palestinian National Authority - Current events, Palestinian National Authority - Finances, Palestinian National Authority - Use of European Union assistance, Palestinian National Authority - Payments to Palestinian prisoners in Israeli prisons, Palestinian National Authority - Allegations of lawlessness in Palestinian areas, Palestinian National Authority - Violence against civilians, Palestinian National Authority - Violence against officials, Palestinian National Authority - Footnotes

Read more here: » Palestinian National Authority: Encyclopedia II - Palestinian National Authority - Allegations of lawlessness in Palestinian areas

Givati Brigade - 2002-2003. The Givati Brigade serves under the Southern Command and currently is deployed in the Gaza Strip. Recently, the Givati Brigade won a medal of honor for its service in the Gaza Strip during the last two years of the Al-Aqsa Intifada under the command of Aluf-Mishne Imad Fares. Under Fares command, the Givati Brigade attained a high reputation in Israel. It carried out thousands of Counter-insurgency operations in the Gaza Strip with great success and low casualties.

Givati Brigade, Givati Brigade - List of Israeli military operations during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war that the Givati Brigade participated in, Givati Brigade - Current Status, Givati Brigade - 2002-2003, Givati Brigade - 2004

Read more here: » Givati Brigade: Encyclopedia II - Givati Brigade - Current Status

The Mousterian Neanderthals were the earliest inhabitants of the area known to archaeologists, and have been dated to c. 200,000 BCE. The first anatomically modern humans to live in the area were the Kebarans (conventionally c. 18,000 - 10,500 BCE, but recent paleoanthropological evidence suggests that Kebarans may have arrived as early as 75,000 BCE and shared the region with the Neanderthals for millennia before the latter died out). They were followed by the Natufian culture (c. 10,500 BCE - 8500 BCE), the Yarmukians (c. 8500 - 4300 BCE) ...

See also:

History of Palestine, History of Palestine - Prehistoric times, History of Palestine - Canaanite and Israelite Period, History of Palestine - Persian Hellenistic and Roman Period, History of Palestine - Byzantines to the Ottomans Period, History of Palestine - The British Mandate period, History of Palestine - Post-Mandate, History of Palestine - Intifada Separation Barrier Road Map

Read more here: » History of Palestine: Encyclopedia II - History of Palestine - Prehistoric times

From the establishment of the Palestinian Authority in 1993 until the death of Yasser Arafat in late 2004, only one election had taken place. All other elections were deferred for various reasons. A single election for president and the legislature took place in 1996. The next presidential and the legislature election were scheduled for 2001, but were delayed following the outbreak of the Al-Aqsa Intifada. Arafat organized the 2005 municipal elections, in which Hamas gained an honorable score. Following Arafat's death, elections for t ...

See also:

Palestinian National Authority, Palestinian National Authority - Officials, Palestinian National Authority - Political parties and elections, Palestinian National Authority - Politics and Internal structure, Palestinian National Authority - Current events, Palestinian National Authority - Finances, Palestinian National Authority - Use of European Union assistance, Palestinian National Authority - Payments to Palestinian prisoners in Israeli prisons, Palestinian National Authority - Allegations of lawlessness in Palestinian areas, Palestinian National Authority - Violence against civilians, Palestinian National Authority - Violence against officials, Palestinian National Authority - Footnotes

Read more here: » Palestinian National Authority: Encyclopedia II - Palestinian National Authority - Political parties and elections

Past Prime Ministers: Mahmoud Abbas: March 19, 2003 - September 6, 2003 Ahmad Qurei: October 7, 2003 - December 15, 2005 Nabil Shaath: December 15, 2005 - December 24, 2005 Ahmad Qurei: December 24, 2005 - to present (acting as caretaker) Past Presidents: Yasser Arafat: July 5, 1994 - November 11, 2004 Rauhi Fattouh (acting): November 11, 2004 - January 15, 2005 ...

See also:

Palestinian National Authority, Palestinian National Authority - Officials, Palestinian National Authority - Political parties and elections, Palestinian National Authority - Politics and Internal structure, Palestinian National Authority - Current events, Palestinian National Authority - Finances, Palestinian National Authority - Use of European Union assistance, Palestinian National Authority - Payments to Palestinian prisoners in Israeli prisons, Palestinian National Authority - Allegations of lawlessness in Palestinian areas, Palestinian National Authority - Violence against civilians, Palestinian National Authority - Violence against officials, Palestinian National Authority - Footnotes

Read more here: » Palestinian National Authority: Encyclopedia II - Palestinian National Authority - Officials

A group of Palestinians numbering several hundreds approached Israeli military positions and armored vehicles. When called upon to stop, a smaller group continued to approach. Israeli troops fired tank shells in front of or toward the Palestinians. Approximately 10 Palestinians were killed. In a statement the army claimed the protestors included armed gunmen.[9] Palestinian witnesses claim there were no armed people mingling with the protesters. [10] [11] Palestinian sources initially reported 22 dead and dozens injured. The number was later ...

See also:

Operation Rainbow, Operation Rainbow - Causes, Operation Rainbow - Events, Operation Rainbow - Protesters incident, Operation Rainbow - Results, Operation Rainbow - Footnotes

Read more here: » Operation Rainbow: Encyclopedia II - Operation Rainbow - Protesters incident

As of May 23, 2004 only one smuggling tunnel had been found. That tunnel was loaded with explosives. [13] Since then 2 more tunnels have been destroyed. Israel claims more than 40 militants have been killed and an unknown number wounded. Pictures from Rafah shows a devastated city: most of the roads were damaged due to explosive charges and the action of using armored bulldozers to plow up the asphalt in order to expose and detonate explosives planted under the roads, thus clearing a way for armored fighting vehicles and troops. On some ...

See also:

Operation Rainbow, Operation Rainbow - Causes, Operation Rainbow - Events, Operation Rainbow - Protesters incident, Operation Rainbow - Results, Operation Rainbow - Footnotes

Read more here: » Operation Rainbow: Encyclopedia II - Operation Rainbow - Results

According to the World Bank, USD $929 million were given by the international community to the PNA in 2001, $891 millions in 2003 and $1100 in 2005 (representing 53% of the budget in 2005). The main objectives are support to the budget, development aid and public health. In 2003, the US funded $224 millions, the EU $187 millions, the Arab League $124 millions, Norway $53 millions, the World Bank $50 millions, the United Kingdom $43 millions, Italy $40 millions, and the last $170 millions by others. According to the World Bank, the budget def ...

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Palestinian National Authority, Palestinian National Authority - Officials, Palestinian National Authority - Political parties and elections, Palestinian National Authority - Politics and Internal structure, Palestinian National Authority - Current events, Palestinian National Authority - Finances, Palestinian National Authority - Use of European Union assistance, Palestinian National Authority - Payments to Palestinian prisoners in Israeli prisons, Palestinian National Authority - Allegations of lawlessness in Palestinian areas, Palestinian National Authority - Violence against civilians, Palestinian National Authority - Violence against officials, Palestinian National Authority - Footnotes

Read more here: » Palestinian National Authority: Encyclopedia II - Palestinian National Authority - Finances

The tactics of the two sides in the conflict are largely based upon their resources and goals. Despite the claims of both sides to the contrary, polling consistently shows that a majority of both Palestinians and Israelis agree on the same basic goals: a two state solution and a right for Palestinian refugees to move to the new Palestinian state (but not to Israel). Al-Aqsa Intifada - Palestinians. On the Palestinian side, a variety of groups are involved in violence such as Hamas, Islamic Jihad and the Al ...

See also:

Al-Aqsa Intifada, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Prior events, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Timeline, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2000, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2001, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2002, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2003, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2004, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2005, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Tactics, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Palestinians, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Israel, Al-Aqsa Intifada - The West Bank barrier, Al-Aqsa Intifada - International Involvement, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Effects on Oslo Accords, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Economic and human costs

Read more here: » Al-Aqsa Intifada: Encyclopedia II - Al-Aqsa Intifada - Tactics

By signing the 1993 Oslo Peace Accords between Palestinians and Israel, the Palestine Liberation Organization committed to curbing violence in exchange for phased withdrawal of Israeli forces from parts of the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, and Palestinian self-government within those areas through the creation of the Palestinian Authority. However, both sides ended up deeply disappointed in the results of the Oslo Accords. In the immediate five years following the Oslo signing, 256 Israeli citizens were killed, more than the amount sl ...

See also:

Al-Aqsa Intifada, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Prior events, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Timeline, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2000, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2001, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2002, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2003, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2004, Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2005, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Tactics, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Palestinians, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Israel, Al-Aqsa Intifada - The West Bank barrier, Al-Aqsa Intifada - International Involvement, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Effects on Oslo Accords, Al-Aqsa Intifada - Economic and human costs

Read more here: » Al-Aqsa Intifada: Encyclopedia II - Al-Aqsa Intifada - Prior events

In order to be accepted into the unit one must enlist to the Israeli Engineering Corps and go through basic training ("Tironut"), in which the best trainees are tracked by the commanders and sent to "Gibush" (a 5-days test of physical and mental condition in intensive field trials) from whom the very best are selected to join the unit and received advance training. The extra training takes another year (which bring to a total of 1.5 years of training) and therefore joiners must commit themselves for two more years of ...

See also:

Sayeret Yahalom, Sayeret Yahalom - Organization and Activities, Sayeret Yahalom - General Activities, Sayeret Yahalom - Sub Units, Sayeret Yahalom - Weapons and means, Sayeret Yahalom - Activities during the Al-Aqsa Intifada, Sayeret Yahalom - Joining the unit and Trainings

Read more here: » Sayeret Yahalom: Encyclopedia II - Sayeret Yahalom - Joining the unit and Trainings