The condition has been present in Africa from at least the 14th century. The causative agent and the vector were not identified until 1902 - 1903 by Sir David Bruce, and the differentiation between protozoa was not made until 1910. An arsenic based drug, atoxyl, was the first effective drug, though in the first stage, developed by Paul Ehrlich and Kiyoshi Shiga in 1906 (?). A serious side effect is blindness. In 1920 Suramin was introduced to treat the first stage of the disease, later on it was generally combined with tryparsamide in the tr ...

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Sleeping sickness, Sleeping sickness - History, Sleeping sickness - Geographic distribution and epidemiology, Sleeping sickness - Life cycle, Sleeping sickness - Clinical features, Sleeping sickness - Laboratory diagnosis, Sleeping sickness - Treatment, Sleeping sickness - Prevention and control

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Nightmare was the original term for the state later known as waking dream (cf Mary Shelley and Frankenstein's Genesis), and more currently as sleep paralysis, associated with rapid eye movement (REM) periods of sleep. The original definition was codified by Dr Johnson in his Dictionary and was thus understood, among others by Erasmus Darwin and Henry Fuseli, to include a "morbid oppression in the night, resem ...

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Nightmare, Nightmare - Historic use of term, Nightmare - Notes

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DSM-IV Codes - Alcohol-Related Disorders. Alcohol 305.00 Abuse 303.90 Dependence 291.8 -Induced Anxiety Disorder 291.8 -Induced Mood Disorder 291.1 -Induced Persisting Amnestic Disorder 291.2 -Induced Persisting Dementia 291.5 -Induced Psychotic Disorder, With Delusions 291.3 -Induced Psychotic Disorder, With Hallucinations 291.8 -Induced Sexual Dysfunction 291.8 -Induced Sleep Disorder 303.00 IntoxicationSee also:

DSM-IV Codes, DSM-IV Codes - Disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy childhood or adolescence, DSM-IV Codes - Mental retardation, DSM-IV Codes - Learning Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Motor Skills Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Communication Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Pervasive Developmental Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Attention-Deficit And Disruptive Behavior Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Feeding and Eating Disorders if Infancy or Early Childhood, DSM-IV Codes - Tic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Elimination Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Other Disorders of Infancy Childhood or Adolescenece, DSM-IV Codes - Delirium Dementia and Amnestic and Other Cognitive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Delirium, DSM-IV Codes - Dementia, DSM-IV Codes - Amnestic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Other Cognitive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Mental Disorders Due to a General Medical Condition Not Elsewhere Classified, DSM-IV Codes - Substance-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Alcohol-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Amphetamine Or Amphetamine-Like Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Caffeine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Cannabis-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Cocaine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Hallucinogen-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Inhalant-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Nicotine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Opioid-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Phencyclidine Or Phencyclidine-Like-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sedative- Hypnotic- or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Polysubstance-Related Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Other or Unknown Substance-Related Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Mood Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Depressive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Bipolar Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Anxiety Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Somatoform Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Factitious Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Dissociative Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sexual and Gender Identity Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Sexual Dysfunctions, DSM-IV Codes - Paraphilias, DSM-IV Codes - Gender Identity Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Eating Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Primary Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Parasomnias, DSM-IV Codes - Other Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Impulse-Control Disorders Not Elsewhere Classified, DSM-IV Codes - Adjustment Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Personality Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Additional codes

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Animals vary widely in their amounts of sleep, from 2 hours a day for giraffes to 20 hours for bats. Generally, required sleeping time decreases as body size increases. Cats are one of the few animals that do not have most of their sleep consolidated into one session, preferring instead to spread their sleep fairly evenly throughout the day. Water mammals "sleep" with alternate hemispheres of their brains asleep and the other awake. They need to do this so they can breathe above water while sleeping. Migrat ...

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Sleep, Sleep - Sleep physiology, Sleep - Methodology, Sleep - Sleep regulation, Sleep - Stages of sleep, Sleep - Theories regarding the function of sleep, Sleep - Dreaming, Sleep - Sleep deprivation, Sleep - Sleep disorders, Sleep - Animal sleep, Sleep - Approaches to sleeping better, Sleep - Drugs and sleep, Sleep - Sleep aiding, Sleep - Stimulant drugs

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A common misperception is that everyone needs eight hours of sleep. The amount of sleep needed is different for each person. This amount needed is individually and biologically determined. Some can do with six hours of sleep, others need nine. However, as a general rule, eight hours is recommended. Sleep experts state that you cannot "store" sleep by sleeping more on the weekends in preparation for the normal work week. [1] Another commonly held view is that the amount of sleep one requires decreases as one ages, but this is not necessarily the case ...

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Sleep, Sleep - Sleep physiology, Sleep - Methodology, Sleep - Sleep regulation, Sleep - Stages of sleep, Sleep - Theories regarding the function of sleep, Sleep - Dreaming, Sleep - Sleep deprivation, Sleep - Sleep disorders, Sleep - Animal sleep, Sleep - Approaches to sleeping better, Sleep - Drugs and sleep, Sleep - Sleep aiding, Sleep - Stimulant drugs

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Sleep - Sleep aiding. The pharmacological approach to inducing sleep involves the use of depressant drugs [4], formerly barbiturates, but today usually benzodiazepines, which depress the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). Non-prescription antihistamines, which are commonly marketed as sleep aids, are also available. Today, sleeping pills are generally prescribed only on a temporary basis and only if symptoms of insomnia are severe enough to seriously impede a patients life. It is possible habitua ...

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Sleep, Sleep - Sleep physiology, Sleep - Methodology, Sleep - Sleep regulation, Sleep - Stages of sleep, Sleep - Theories regarding the function of sleep, Sleep - Dreaming, Sleep - Sleep deprivation, Sleep - Sleep disorders, Sleep - Animal sleep, Sleep - Approaches to sleeping better, Sleep - Drugs and sleep, Sleep - Sleep aiding, Sleep - Stimulant drugs

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The demonstrably necessary phenomenon of dreaming would suffice to prove the importance of sleep to humans, and perhaps to other animals as well. Dreaming involves an involuntary conjuring up of sometimes magical images in a story-like sequence in which the sleeper/dreamer is usually more a participant than an observer. Most scientists agree that dreaming is stimulated by the pons and occurs during the REM phase of sleep. Many functions have been hypothesized for dreaming. Freud postulated that dreams are the symbolic expression of fr ...

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Sleep, Sleep - Sleep physiology, Sleep - Methodology, Sleep - Sleep regulation, Sleep - Stages of sleep, Sleep - Theories regarding the function of sleep, Sleep - Dreaming, Sleep - Sleep deprivation, Sleep - Sleep disorders, Sleep - Animal sleep, Sleep - Approaches to sleeping better, Sleep - Drugs and sleep, Sleep - Sleep aiding, Sleep - Stimulant drugs

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DSM-IV Codes - Mental retardation. 317 Mild Mental Retardation 318.0 Moderate Mental Retardation 318.1 Severe Mental Retardation 318.2 Profound Mental Retardation 319 Mental Retardation, Severity Unspecified DSM-IV Codes - Learning Disorders. 315.00 Reading Disorder 315.1 Mathematics Disorder 315.2 Disorder of Written Expression 315.9 Learning Disorder NOS DSM-I ...

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DSM-IV Codes, DSM-IV Codes - Disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy childhood or adolescence, DSM-IV Codes - Mental retardation, DSM-IV Codes - Learning Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Motor Skills Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Communication Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Pervasive Developmental Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Attention-Deficit And Disruptive Behavior Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Feeding and Eating Disorders if Infancy or Early Childhood, DSM-IV Codes - Tic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Elimination Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Other Disorders of Infancy Childhood or Adolescenece, DSM-IV Codes - Delirium Dementia and Amnestic and Other Cognitive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Delirium, DSM-IV Codes - Dementia, DSM-IV Codes - Amnestic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Other Cognitive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Mental Disorders Due to a General Medical Condition Not Elsewhere Classified, DSM-IV Codes - Substance-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Alcohol-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Amphetamine Or Amphetamine-Like Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Caffeine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Cannabis-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Cocaine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Hallucinogen-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Inhalant-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Nicotine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Opioid-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Phencyclidine Or Phencyclidine-Like-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sedative- Hypnotic- or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Polysubstance-Related Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Other or Unknown Substance-Related Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Mood Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Depressive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Bipolar Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Anxiety Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Somatoform Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Factitious Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Dissociative Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sexual and Gender Identity Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Sexual Dysfunctions, DSM-IV Codes - Paraphilias, DSM-IV Codes - Gender Identity Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Eating Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Primary Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Parasomnias, DSM-IV Codes - Other Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Impulse-Control Disorders Not Elsewhere Classified, DSM-IV Codes - Adjustment Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Personality Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Additional codes

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DSM-IV Codes - Depressive Disorders. 300.4 Dysthymic Disorder Major Depressive Disorder Major Depressive Disorder, Recurrent 296.36 In Full Remission 296.35 In Partial Remission 296.31 Mild 296.32 Moderate 296.33 Severe Without Psychotic Features 296.34 Severe With Psychotic Features 296.30 Unspecified Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode 296.26 In Full Remission 296.25 In Partial Rem ...

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DSM-IV Codes, DSM-IV Codes - Disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy childhood or adolescence, DSM-IV Codes - Mental retardation, DSM-IV Codes - Learning Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Motor Skills Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Communication Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Pervasive Developmental Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Attention-Deficit And Disruptive Behavior Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Feeding and Eating Disorders if Infancy or Early Childhood, DSM-IV Codes - Tic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Elimination Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Other Disorders of Infancy Childhood or Adolescenece, DSM-IV Codes - Delirium Dementia and Amnestic and Other Cognitive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Delirium, DSM-IV Codes - Dementia, DSM-IV Codes - Amnestic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Other Cognitive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Mental Disorders Due to a General Medical Condition Not Elsewhere Classified, DSM-IV Codes - Substance-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Alcohol-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Amphetamine Or Amphetamine-Like Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Caffeine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Cannabis-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Cocaine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Hallucinogen-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Inhalant-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Nicotine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Opioid-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Phencyclidine Or Phencyclidine-Like-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sedative- Hypnotic- or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Polysubstance-Related Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Other or Unknown Substance-Related Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Mood Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Depressive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Bipolar Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Anxiety Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Somatoform Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Factitious Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Dissociative Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sexual and Gender Identity Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Sexual Dysfunctions, DSM-IV Codes - Paraphilias, DSM-IV Codes - Gender Identity Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Eating Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Primary Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Parasomnias, DSM-IV Codes - Other Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Impulse-Control Disorders Not Elsewhere Classified, DSM-IV Codes - Adjustment Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Personality Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Additional codes

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DSM-IV Codes - Delirium. 293.0 Delirium Due to...[Indicate the General Medical Condition] 780.09 Delirium NOS DSM-IV Codes - Dementia. 290.10 Dementia Due to Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease 294.1 Dementia Due to Head Trauma 294.9 Dementia Due to HIV Disease 294.1 Dementia Due to Huntington's disease 294.1 Dementia Due to Parkinson's disease 290.10 Dementia Due to Pick’s disease 294.1 Dementia Due to.. ...

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DSM-IV Codes, DSM-IV Codes - Disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy childhood or adolescence, DSM-IV Codes - Mental retardation, DSM-IV Codes - Learning Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Motor Skills Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Communication Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Pervasive Developmental Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Attention-Deficit And Disruptive Behavior Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Feeding and Eating Disorders if Infancy or Early Childhood, DSM-IV Codes - Tic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Elimination Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Other Disorders of Infancy Childhood or Adolescenece, DSM-IV Codes - Delirium Dementia and Amnestic and Other Cognitive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Delirium, DSM-IV Codes - Dementia, DSM-IV Codes - Amnestic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Other Cognitive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Mental Disorders Due to a General Medical Condition Not Elsewhere Classified, DSM-IV Codes - Substance-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Alcohol-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Amphetamine Or Amphetamine-Like Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Caffeine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Cannabis-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Cocaine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Hallucinogen-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Inhalant-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Nicotine-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Opioid-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Phencyclidine Or Phencyclidine-Like-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sedative- Hypnotic- or Anxiolytic-Related Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Polysubstance-Related Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Other or Unknown Substance-Related Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Mood Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Depressive Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Bipolar Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Anxiety Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Somatoform Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Factitious Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Dissociative Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sexual and Gender Identity Disorder, DSM-IV Codes - Sexual Dysfunctions, DSM-IV Codes - Paraphilias, DSM-IV Codes - Gender Identity Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Eating Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Primary Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Parasomnias, DSM-IV Codes - Other Sleep Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Impulse-Control Disorders Not Elsewhere Classified, DSM-IV Codes - Adjustment Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Personality Disorders, DSM-IV Codes - Additional codes

Read more here: » DSM-IV Codes: Encyclopedia II - DSM-IV Codes - Delirium Dementia and Amnestic and Other Cognitive Disorders

The disease is found in two forms, depending on the parasite, either Trypanosoma brucei gambiense or Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. T. b. gambiense is found in central and western Africa; it causes a chronic condition that can extend in a passive phase for months or years before symptoms emerge. T. b. rhodesiense, is the acute form of the disease but has a much more limited range. It is found in southern and eastern Africa; its infection emerges in a few weeks and is more virulent and faster developing. According ...

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Sleeping sickness, Sleeping sickness - History, Sleeping sickness - Geographic distribution and epidemiology, Sleeping sickness - Life cycle, Sleeping sickness - Clinical features, Sleeping sickness - Laboratory diagnosis, Sleeping sickness - Treatment, Sleeping sickness - Prevention and control

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Eflornithine (difluoromethylornithine or DFMO), the most modern treatment, was developed in the 1970s by Albert Sjoerdsmanot and underwent clinical trials in the 1980s. The drug was approved by the FDA in 1990, but Aventis, the company responsible for its manufacture, halted production in 1999. In 2001, however, Aventis, in association with Medecins Sans Frontieres and the WHO, signed a long-ter ...

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Sleeping sickness, Sleeping sickness - History, Sleeping sickness - Geographic distribution and epidemiology, Sleeping sickness - Life cycle, Sleeping sickness - Clinical features, Sleeping sickness - Laboratory diagnosis, Sleeping sickness - Treatment, Sleeping sickness - Prevention and control

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A diagnosis of ADHD is based on a checklist of symptoms from DSM-IV-TR. DSM-IV-TR Criteria for ADHD The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emphasizes that a diagnosis of ADHD should only be made by trained health care providers. This is important, as many of the criteria are shared between other disorders. Different psychiatric disorders may present with the symtoms of inattentiveness (depressive and anxiety disorders) or hyperactivity and distractability (manic phase of bipolar illness).It is also important to note that ...

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Formal definitions, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Symptoms, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Comparative behavior, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Incidence, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Testing for ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Psychological testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Other forms of testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Possible causes, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Genetic vulnerabilities, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Neuro-chemical imbalance, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Smoking during pregnancy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Nutrition, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Sleep apnea, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Head injuries, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Treatment, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Mainstream treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Alternative treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on neurodiversity, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on parenting, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Evidence for ADHD as an organic phenomenon, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Positive aspects, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Controversy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Skepticism towards ADHD as a diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as pseudo-science and its falsifiability, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Hunter in a Farmer's Society theory, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as a social construct, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about the impact of labeling, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about medication, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADD/ADHD a hoax?, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Famous people and ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Twentieth century history, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Terminology, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Footnotes

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A diagnosis of ADHD is based on a checklist of symptoms from DSM-IV-TR. DSM-IV-TR Criteria for ADHD The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emphasizes that a diagnosis of ADHD should only be made by trained health care providers. This is important, as many of the criteria are shared between other disorders. Different psychiatric disorders may present with the symtoms of inattentiveness (depressive and anxiety disorders) or hyperactivity and distractability (manic phase of bipolar illness).It is also important to note that ...

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Formal definitions, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Symptoms, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Comparative behavior, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Incidence, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Testing for ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Psychological testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Other forms of testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Possible causes, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Genetic vulnerabilities, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Neuro-chemical imbalance, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Smoking during pregnancy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Nutrition, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Sleep apnea, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Head injuries, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Treatment, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Mainstream treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Alternative treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on neurodiversity, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on parenting, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Evidence for ADHD as an organic phenomenon, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Positive aspects, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Controversy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Skepticism towards ADHD as a diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as pseudo-science and its falsifiability, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Hunter in a Farmer's Society theory, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as a social construct, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about the impact of labeling, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about medication, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADD/ADHD a hoax?, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - famous people and ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Twentieth century history, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Terminology, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Footnotes

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Prevention and control focus on, where it is possible, the eradication of the parasitic host, the tsetse fly. Two alternative strategies have been used in the attempts to reduce the African trypanosomiases. One tactic is primarily medical or veterinary and targets the disease directly using monitoring, prophylaxis, treatment, and surveillance to reduce the number of organisms which carry the disease. The second strategy is generally entomological and intends to disrupt the cycle of transmission by reducing the number of flies. For in depth information on prevention of th ...

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Sleeping sickness, Sleeping sickness - History, Sleeping sickness - Geographic distribution and epidemiology, Sleeping sickness - Life cycle, Sleeping sickness - Clinical features, Sleeping sickness - Laboratory diagnosis, Sleeping sickness - Treatment, Sleeping sickness - Prevention and control

Read more here: » Sleeping sickness: Encyclopedia II - Sleeping sickness - Prevention and control

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Psychological testing. Psychological or psychiatric evaluation for ADHD generally consists of obtaining multiple types of information from multiple sources along with a careful history that is then used in the process of differential diagnosis (differentiation from other mental disorders). These usually include a clinical interview reviewing the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD diagnosis. The interview also needs to rule out as much as possible other types of syndromes which can ...

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Formal definitions, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Symptoms, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Comparative behavior, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Incidence, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Testing for ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Psychological testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Other forms of testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Possible causes, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Genetic vulnerabilities, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Neuro-chemical imbalance, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Smoking during pregnancy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Nutrition, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Sleep apnea, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Head injuries, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Treatment, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Mainstream treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Alternative treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on neurodiversity, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on parenting, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Evidence for ADHD as an organic phenomenon, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Positive aspects, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Controversy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Skepticism towards ADHD as a diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as pseudo-science and its falsifiability, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Hunter in a Farmer's Society theory, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as a social construct, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about the impact of labeling, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about medication, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADD/ADHD a hoax?, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Famous people and ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Twentieth century history, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Terminology, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Footnotes

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While ADD/ADHD is a known psychiatric condition, there are various theories about the cause and some controversy over the number of persons diagnosed and the cost of medications. Some denial in families may also relate to the negative perception of the condition as a hereditary brain disorder. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Skepticism towards ADHD as a diagnosis. Critics have complained that the ADHD diagnostic criteria are sufficiently general or vague to allow virtually any child with persistent un ...

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Formal definitions, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Symptoms, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Comparative behavior, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Incidence, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Testing for ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Psychological testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Other forms of testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Possible causes, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Genetic vulnerabilities, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Neuro-chemical imbalance, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Smoking during pregnancy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Nutrition, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Sleep apnea, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Head injuries, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Treatment, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Mainstream treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Alternative treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on neurodiversity, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on parenting, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Evidence for ADHD as an organic phenomenon, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Positive aspects, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Controversy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Skepticism towards ADHD as a diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as pseudo-science and its falsifiability, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Hunter in a Farmer's Society theory, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as a social construct, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about the impact of labeling, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about medication, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADD/ADHD a hoax?, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Famous people and ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Twentieth century history, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Terminology, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Footnotes

Read more here: » Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Encyclopedia II - Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Controversy

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Psychological testing. Psychological or psychiatric evaluation for ADHD generally consists of obtaining multiple types of information from multiple sources along with a careful history that is then used in the process of differential diagnosis (differentiation from other mental disorders). These usually include a clinical interview reviewing the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD diagnosis. The interview also needs to rule out as much as possible other types of syndromes which can ...

See also:

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Formal definitions, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Symptoms, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Comparative behavior, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Incidence, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Testing for ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Psychological testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Other forms of testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Possible causes, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Genetic vulnerabilities, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Neuro-chemical imbalance, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Smoking during pregnancy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Nutrition, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Sleep apnea, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Head injuries, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Treatment, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Mainstream treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Alternative treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on neurodiversity, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on parenting, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Evidence for ADHD as an organic phenomenon, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Positive aspects, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Controversy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Skepticism towards ADHD as a diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as pseudo-science and its falsifiability, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Hunter in a Farmer's Society theory, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as a social construct, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about the impact of labeling, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about medication, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADD/ADHD a hoax?, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - famous people and ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Twentieth century history, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Terminology, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Footnotes

Read more here: » Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Encyclopedia II - Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Testing for ADHD

While ADD/ADHD is a known psychiatric condition, there are various theories about the cause and some controversy over the number of persons diagnosed and the cost of medications. Some denial in families may also relate to the negative perception of the condition as a hereditary brain disorder. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Skepticism towards ADHD as a diagnosis. Critics have complained that the ADHD diagnostic criteria are sufficiently general or vague to allow virtually any child with persistent un ...

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According to the U.S. Surgeon General, and ICD-10-CM (International Classification of Disease Revised Edition 2005), ADHD is a metabolic form of encephalopathy, impairing the release and homeostasis of neurological chemicals, and reducing the function of the limbic system. Research, however, indicates that the frontal lobes, their connections to the basal ganglia, and the central aspects of the cerebellum (vermis) are most likely to be involved in this disorder, as may be a region in th ...

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Formal definitions, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Symptoms, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Comparative behavior, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Incidence, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Testing for ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Psychological testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Other forms of testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Possible causes, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Genetic vulnerabilities, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Neuro-chemical imbalance, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Smoking during pregnancy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Nutrition, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Sleep apnea, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Head injuries, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Treatment, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Mainstream treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Alternative treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on neurodiversity, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on parenting, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Evidence for ADHD as an organic phenomenon, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Positive aspects, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Controversy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Skepticism towards ADHD as a diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as pseudo-science and its falsifiability, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Hunter in a Farmer's Society theory, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as a social construct, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about the impact of labeling, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about medication, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADD/ADHD a hoax?, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Famous people and ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Twentieth century history, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Terminology, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Footnotes

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In children the disorder is characterized by inattentiveness, destructiveness, impulsive behavior, and restlessness. The inattentiveness often appears as a difficulty with sustaining attention or persisting toward activities, particularly those that are not especially interesting or rewarding. This is often combined with problems inhibiting responding to distracting events that often draw the person off-task. Those with ADHD also have difficulties re-engaging the previous task once they have been distracted. The hyperactivity is typic ...

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Formal definitions, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Symptoms, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Comparative behavior, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Incidence, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Testing for ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Psychological testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Other forms of testing, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Possible causes, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Genetic vulnerabilities, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Neuro-chemical imbalance, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Smoking during pregnancy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Nutrition, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Sleep apnea, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Head injuries, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Treatment, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Mainstream treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Alternative treatments, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on neurodiversity, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Views on parenting, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Evidence for ADHD as an organic phenomenon, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Positive aspects, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Controversy, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Skepticism towards ADHD as a diagnosis, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as pseudo-science and its falsifiability, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Hunter in a Farmer's Society theory, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD as a social construct, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about the impact of labeling, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Concerns about medication, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADD/ADHD a hoax?, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Famous people and ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Twentieth century history, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Terminology, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Footnotes

Read more here: » Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Encyclopedia II - Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder - Symptoms