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Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy | A Wisdom Archive on Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy | | Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy A selection of articles related to Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy | |
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Sino-Roman relations, Sino-Roman relations - Castaways, Sino-Roman relations - Chinese silk in the Roman Empire, Sino-Roman relations - Development of Trade Links, Sino-Roman relations - First Roman embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Notes, Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies, Sino-Roman relations - Preceding History, Sino-Roman relations - Roman soldiers in the East, Sino-Roman relations - The expedition of Ban Chao, Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy, Foreign relations of imperial China, Ptolemy world map, Kangnido map, Later Han History, Hou Hanshu., Silk Road
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ARTICLES RELATED TO Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy | | | |  Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Preceding HistoryThe rapid growth of Roman commerce with ancient China likely would not have been possible without two major preceding developments, first by Alexander the Great and the ancient Greeks, and second by the spread of embassies of the Han Dynasty into Central and Western Asia.
Sino-Roman relations - Development of Trade Links.
The first major step in opening trade links between the East and the West came with the expansion of Alexander the Great deep into Central Asia, as far as the Fergana Valley at the border ...
See also:Sino-Roman relations, Sino-Roman relations - Preceding History, Sino-Roman relations - Development of Trade Links, Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Chinese silk in the Roman Empire, Sino-Roman relations - Castaways, Sino-Roman relations - Roman soldiers in the East, Sino-Roman relations - The expedition of Ban Chao, Sino-Roman relations - First Roman embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies, Sino-Roman relations - Notes Read more here: » Sino-Roman relations: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Preceding History |
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| | | | Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies Other embassies may have been sent after this first encounter, but were not recorded, until an account appears about presents allegedly sent in the early 3rd century by the Roman Emperor to the Emperor Taitsu of the Kingdom of Wei (reigned 227–239) in Northern China. The presents consisted of articles of glass in a variety of colours. While several Roman Emperors ruled during this time, the embassy may have been sent by Alexander Severus; since ...
See also:Sino-Roman relations, Sino-Roman relations - Preceding History, Sino-Roman relations - Development of Trade Links, Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Chinese silk in the Roman Empire, Sino-Roman relations - Castaways, Sino-Roman relations - Roman soldiers in the East, Sino-Roman relations - The expedition of Ban Chao, Sino-Roman relations - First Roman embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies, Sino-Roman relations - Notes Read more here: » Sino-Roman relations: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies |
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| | | | Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies Other embassies may have been sent after this first encounter, but were not recorded, until an account appears about presents sent in the early 3rd century by the Roman Emperor to the Emperor Taitsu of the Kingdom of Wei (reigned 227–239) in Northern China. The presents consisted of articles of glass in a variety of colours. While several Roman Emperors ruled during this time, the embassy, if genuine, may have been sent by Alexander Severus; since ...
See also:Sino-Roman relations, Sino-Roman relations - Preceding History, Sino-Roman relations - Development of Trade Links, Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Chinese silk in the Roman Empire, Sino-Roman relations - Castaways, Sino-Roman relations - Roman soldiers in the East, Sino-Roman relations - The expedition of Ban Chao, Sino-Roman relations - First Roman embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies, Sino-Roman relations - Notes Read more here: » Sino-Roman relations: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies |
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| | | | Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - First Roman embassy With the expansion of the Roman Empire in the Middle-East during the 2nd century, the Romans gained the capability to develop shipping and trade in the Indian Ocean. Several ports have been excavated on the coast of India which contain Roman remains.
Several Romans probably travelled farther to the East, either on Roman, Indian or Chinese ships. The first group of people claiming to be an embassy of Romans to China is recorded in 166, sixty years after the expeditions to the west of the Chinese general Ban Chao. It came to Emperor Hua ...
See also:Sino-Roman relations, Sino-Roman relations - Preceding History, Sino-Roman relations - Development of Trade Links, Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Chinese silk in the Roman Empire, Sino-Roman relations - Castaways, Sino-Roman relations - Roman soldiers in the East, Sino-Roman relations - The expedition of Ban Chao, Sino-Roman relations - First Roman embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies, Sino-Roman relations - Notes Read more here: » Sino-Roman relations: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - First Roman embassy |
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| | | | Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Roman soldiers in the East There are several known instances of Roman soldiers being captured by the Parthians and transfered to the East for border duty. According to Pliny, in 54 BC, after losing at the battle of Carrhae, 10,000 Roman prisoners were displaced by the Parthians to Margiana to man the frontier (Plin. Hist. Nat. 6. 18).
The Chinese have kept an account (by Bau Gau) that some of these soldiers were enlisted by the Hun chief Jzh Jzh against the Chinese Han Dynasty. Some of them were blond with blue eyes, and fought in "fish-scale formation" (possib ...
See also:Sino-Roman relations, Sino-Roman relations - Preceding History, Sino-Roman relations - Development of Trade Links, Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Chinese silk in the Roman Empire, Sino-Roman relations - Castaways, Sino-Roman relations - Roman soldiers in the East, Sino-Roman relations - The expedition of Ban Chao, Sino-Roman relations - First Roman embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies, Sino-Roman relations - Notes Read more here: » Sino-Roman relations: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Roman soldiers in the East |
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| | | | Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Chinese silk in the Roman Empire Trade with the Roman Empire followed soon, confirmed by the Roman craze for Chinese silk (supplied through the Parthians) from the 1st century BC, even though the Romans thought silk was obtained from trees:
The Seres (Chinese), are famous for the woolen substance obtained from their forests; after a soaking in water they comb off the white down of the leaves... So manifold is the labour employed, and so distant is the region of the globe drawn upon, to enable the Roman maiden to flaunt transparent clothing in pu ...
See also:Sino-Roman relations, Sino-Roman relations - Preceding History, Sino-Roman relations - Development of Trade Links, Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Chinese silk in the Roman Empire, Sino-Roman relations - Castaways, Sino-Roman relations - Roman soldiers in the East, Sino-Roman relations - The expedition of Ban Chao, Sino-Roman relations - First Roman embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies, Sino-Roman relations - Notes Read more here: » Sino-Roman relations: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Chinese silk in the Roman Empire |
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| | | | Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Castaways Pomponius Mela (Book III,Chapter 5), copied by Pliny the Elder, wrote that Quintus Caecilius Metellus Celer, proconsul in Gaul, 59 BC, got 'several Indians' (Indi) as a present from a Germanic king. The Indians were driven by a storm to the coasts of Germania (in tempestatem ex Indicis aequoribus):
Metellus Celer recalls the following: when he was Proconsul in Gaul, he was given people from India by the king of the {Sueves}; upon requesting why they were in this land, he learnt that they were caught in a storm a ...
See also:Sino-Roman relations, Sino-Roman relations - Preceding History, Sino-Roman relations - Development of Trade Links, Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Chinese silk in the Roman Empire, Sino-Roman relations - Castaways, Sino-Roman relations - Roman soldiers in the East, Sino-Roman relations - The expedition of Ban Chao, Sino-Roman relations - First Roman embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies, Sino-Roman relations - Notes Read more here: » Sino-Roman relations: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - Castaways |
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| | | | Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - The expedition of Ban Chao In 97, the Chinese general Ban Chao crossed the Tian Shan and Pamir mountains with an army of 70,000 men in a campaign against the Xiongnu. He went as far west as the Caspian Sea and the region of Ukraine, reaching the territory of Parthia, upon which event he reportedly also sent an envoy named Gan Ying to Daqin (Rome). Gan Ying left a detailed account of western countries, although he only reached as far as Mesopotamia. He intended to sail to Rome through the Black Sea, but some Parthian merchants, interested in maintaining their profitabl ...
See also:Sino-Roman relations, Sino-Roman relations - Preceding History, Sino-Roman relations - Development of Trade Links, Sino-Roman relations - Zhang Qian's embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Chinese silk in the Roman Empire, Sino-Roman relations - Castaways, Sino-Roman relations - Roman soldiers in the East, Sino-Roman relations - The expedition of Ban Chao, Sino-Roman relations - First Roman embassy, Sino-Roman relations - Other Roman embassies, Sino-Roman relations - Notes Read more here: » Sino-Roman relations: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Roman relations - The expedition of Ban Chao |
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