Shulkhan Arukh

This entry contains a timeline of the development of Judaism and the Jewish people. Note that all dates are given according to the Common Era (Christian), not the Jewish calendar. For more detailed information on Jewish history, including links to individual country histories, see Jewish history. Timeline of Jewish history - Biblical history. A separate article exists on the timeline of Biblical characters and the Israelites. See the entry on the history of ancient Israel and Judah. Note, however, that the ...

Including:

• Timeline of Jewish history - Biblical history
• Timeline of Jewish history - Post Biblical-history
• Timeline of Jewish history - 200 BCE to 700 CE
• Timeline of Jewish history - 701 to 1500
• Timeline of Jewish history - 1501 to 1800
• Timeline of Jewish history - 1801 to 1900
• Timeline of Jewish history - 1901 to 1945
• Timeline of Jewish history - 1946 to Today

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Judaism is the religion of the Jewish people. It is one of the first recorded monotheistic faiths and one of the oldest religious traditions still practiced today. The tenets and history of Judaism are the major part of the foundation of other Abrahamic religions, including Samaritanism, Christianity, and Islam. Over at least the last two thousand years, Judaism has not been monolithic in practice, and has not had any centralized authority or binding dogma. Despite this, Judaism in all its variations has remained tightly bound ...

Including:

• Judaism - Introduction
• Judaism - Monotheism
• Judaism - Practical worship and the laws
• Judaism - Traditional view of the development of Judaism
• Judaism - Critical historical view of the development of Judaism
• Judaism - Religious doctrine and Principles of Faith
• Judaism - The traditional Jewish bookshelf
• Judaism - Jewish Law and interpretation
• Judaism - What makes a person Jewish?
• Judaism - Jewish philosophy
• Judaism - Jewish denominations
• Judaism - Jewish denominations in Israel
• Judaism - Karaism
• Judaism - Jewish prayer and practice
• Judaism - Prayers
• Judaism - Jewish holidays
• Judaism - Torah readings
• Judaism - Synagogues and Jewish buildings
• Judaism - Dietary laws: Kashrut
• Judaism - Family purity
• Judaism - Life-cycle events
• Judaism - Community leadership
• Judaism - Classical priesthood
• Judaism - Prayer leaders
• Judaism - Specialized religious roles
• Judaism - Jewish religious history
• Judaism - Ancient Jewish religious history
• Judaism - Historical Jewish groupings to 1700
• Judaism - Persecutions
• Judaism - Hasidism
• Judaism - The Enlightenment and Reform Judaism
• Judaism - The Holocaust
• Judaism - The present situation
• Judaism - Judaism and other religions
• Judaism - Christianity and Judaism
• Judaism - Islam and Judaism
• Judaism - Jews and Judaism
• Judaism - Jewish law and religion
• Judaism - Comparative

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Ablution in Judaism. This article refers to ceremonies of ritual purity performed by religious Jews. The origins for these rituals and customs are found in the Mishnah and Talmud, and have been codified in various codes of Jewish law and tradition, such as Maimonides's Mishneh Torah (12th century) and Joseph Karo's Shulkhan Arukh (16th century.) These customs are most commonly observed within Orthodox Judaism. Those within Conservative Judaism widely observe the riturals related to Netilat yadayim; using a mikvah ...

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Business ethics is a form of applied ethics that examines ethical rules and principles within a commercial context; the various moral or ethical problems that can arise in a business setting; and any special duties or obligations that apply to persons who are engaged in commerce.” Generally speaking, business ethics is a normative discipline, whereby particular ethical standards are assumed and then applied. It makes specific judgements about what is right or wrong, which is to say, it makes claims about what ought to be done ...

Including:

• Business ethics - Related disciplines
• Business ethics - Typical issues
• Business ethics - Conflicting interests
• Business ethics - Ethical issues and approaches
• Business ethics - Corporate ethics policies
• Business ethics - Ethics officers
• Business ethics - Religious views on business ethics
• Business ethics - Christian business ethics
• Business ethics - Jewish business ethics
• Business ethics - Muslim business ethics

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Yeshu (ישו in Hebrew) and slight variations such as Jeshu (Bible English transliteration) or Yeishu (Yiddish pronunciation), is the name of one or more persons in various works of classical Jewish rabbinic literature, including the Babylonian Talmud (redacted roughly before 600 CE) and the classical midrash literature (written between 200 CE to 700 CE.) Yeshu - Interpretations of the name. There is some debate over the meaning of "Yeshu." It has been used as an acronym for the ...

Including:

• Yeshu - Interpretations of the name
• Yeshu - Primary references to Yeshu
• Yeshu - Tosefta
• Yeshu - Babylonian Talmud
• Yeshu - Ben-Pandera and ben-Stada
• Yeshu - ben-Pandera
• Yeshu - ben-Stada
• Yeshu - Jesus Connection ?
• Yeshu - The medieval Toledot Yeshu narratives
• Yeshu - Identification of Yeshu with Jesus
• Yeshu - Yeshu as a literary device
• Yeshu - Criticism of the identification of Yeshu with Jesus

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Kashrut (Hebrew: כַּשְׁרוּת kašrûṯ) or "keeping kosher" (Hebrew: כָּשֵׁר kāšēr) is the name of the Jewish dietary laws. Food in accord with halakha (Jewish law) is termed kosher in English, from the Hebrew term kasher, meaning "fit" (in this context, fit for Jewish consumption). Food not in accord with Jewish law is termed treifah or treif (טְרֵפָה ṭərēp̄āh) ...

Including:

• Kashrut - Types of foods
• Kashrut - Identification of kosher foods
• Kashrut - Reasons for the Biblical dietary laws
• Kashrut - Ritual purity and holiness
• Kashrut - Symbolic purpose
• Kashrut - Maintenance of a separate culture
• Kashrut - Hygiene
• Kashrut - Other reasons
• Kashrut - U.S. Laws regarding use of word Kosher
• Kashrut - How kashrut is viewed by Judaism today
• Kashrut - Vegetarianism
• Kashrut - Kashrut and animal welfare
• Kashrut - Kashrut and Islam
• Kashrut - Notes

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Rabbi (Classical Hebrew רִבִּי ribbī;; modern Ashkenazi and Israeli רַבִּי rabbī) in Judaism, means "teacher", or more literally "great one". The word "Rabbi" is derived from the Hebrew root-word RaV, which in biblical Hebrew means "great" or "distinguished, (in knowledge)". In the ancient Judean schools the sages were addressed as רִבִּי (Ribbi or Rebbi) — in recent centuries being re-vocalized to Rabbi ("my master"). This term of respectful address ...

Including:

• Rabbi - History
• Rabbi - Moses and Joshua: The first rabbis
• Rabbi - Era of the Tanakh the Hebrew Bible
• Rabbi - Sages as rabbis
• Rabbi - The role of the rabbi in the last 200 years
• Rabbi - Women and the rabbinical credential
• Rabbi - Modern Orthodox trends in female leadership
• Rabbi - Becoming a rabbi
• Rabbi - Orthodox Judaism
• Rabbi - Haredi and Hasidic Judaism
• Rabbi - Conservative and Masorti Judaism
• Rabbi - Reform and Reconstructionist Judaism
• Rabbi - Acceptance of who is a rabbi
• Rabbi - Rabbinic seminaries unrelated to the major Jewish denominations
• Rabbi - Becoming a rabbi: To have or not to have ordination

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A shofar is a ram's horn that is used as a musical instrument for religious purposes. It is used on Judaism's high holy days of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. Shofar - In the Bible and rabbinic literature. The shofar is mentioned frequently in the Hebrew Bible, from Exodus to Zechariah, and throughout the Talmud and later rabbinic literature. It was the voice of a shofar, "exceeding loud," issuing from the thick cloud on Mount Sinai that made all the Israelites tremble in awe (Exodus xix, xx). ...

Including:

• Shofar - In the Bible and rabbinic literature
• Shofar - Post-Biblical times
• Shofar - Construction
• Shofar - Physical horns
• Shofar - The sounds
• Shofar - Unique sound waves
• Shofar - The performer
• Shofar - Use in modern times

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Orthodox Judaism is the stream of Judaism which adheres to a relatively strict interpretation and application of the laws and ethics first canonized in the Talmud ("The Oral Law") and later codified in the Shulkhan Arukh ("Code of Jewish Law"). It is governed by these works and the Rabbinical commentary of the last 1,000+ years. Orthodox Judaism is characterized by: The belief that the Torah (i.e. the Pentateuch) and its pertaining laws are "Divine": Transmitted by God to Moses who then wrote it down, and cannot be ...

Including:

• Orthodox Judaism - Subgroups
• Orthodox Judaism - Origin and definition of the name Orthodox
• Orthodox Judaism - The development of Orthodoxy
• Orthodox Judaism - Beliefs
• Orthodox Judaism - Beliefs about Jewish law and tradition
• Orthodox Judaism - Orthodox organizations and groups

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Midrash (Hebrew: מדרש; plural midrashim) is a Hebrew word referring to a method of exegesis of a Biblical text. The term "midrash" also can refer to a compilation of Midrashic teachings, in the form of legal, exegetical or homiletical commentaries on the Tanakh (Jewish Bible). Midrash - Methodology. When used as a verb, "midrash" refers to a way of interpreting a biblical verse. Traditionally, understanding of Biblical text in Judaism is divided between peshat (direct meaning), remezIncluding:

• Midrash - Methodology
• Midrash - Forms of Midrashic literature
• Midrash - Halakhic midrashim
• Midrash - Origins
• Midrash - Aggadic midrashim
• Midrash - Classical compilations
• Midrash - Tannaitic
• Midrash - Post-Talmudic
• Midrash - Midrash Rabbah

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Moshe ben Maimon (March 30, 1135–December 13, 1204) was a Jewish rabbi, physician, and philosopher. Moshe ben Maimon's Hebrew name is רבי משה בן מיימון and his Arabic name is موسى بن ميمون بن عبد الله القرطبي الإسرائيلي, Mussa bin Maimun ibn Abdallah al-Kurtubi al-Israili. However, he is most commonly known by his Greek name, Moses Maimonides (Μωησής Μαϊμονίδης), and many Jewish works refer to him by the acronym of his title and name, RaMBaMIncluding:

• Maimonides - Biography
• Maimonides - Works and bibliography
• Maimonides - Influence
• Maimonides - The 13 principles of faith
• Maimonides - Halakhic works
• Maimonides - Philosophy
• Maimonides - Negative theology
• Maimonides - Prophecy
• Maimonides - The problem of evil
• Maimonides - Astrology
• Maimonides - True beliefs versus necessary beliefs
• Maimonides - Resurrection acquired immortality and the afterlife

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Rabbinic literature, in the broadest sense, can mean the entire spectrum of Judaism's rabbinic writing/s throughout history. However, the term often used as an exact cognate of the Hebrew term Sifrut Hazal (ספרות חז"ל; "Literature [of our] Sages, [of] blessed memory"), where the latter usually refers specifically to literature from the Talmudic era. The latter, more specific, sense is how the term is normally used in medieval and modern rabbinic writing (where Hazal normally refers only to the sages of the ...

Including:

• Rabbinic literature - The oral law
• Rabbinic literature - The Midrash
• Rabbinic literature - Later works by category
• Rabbinic literature - Jewish law
• Rabbinic literature - Jewish thought and ethics
• Rabbinic literature - Liturgy
• Rabbinic literature - Later works by historical period
• Rabbinic literature - Works of the Geonim
• Rabbinic literature - Works of the Rishonim the early rabbinical commentators
• Rabbinic literature - Works of the Acharonim the later rabbinical commentators
• Rabbinic literature - Meforshim
• Rabbinic literature - Bibliography

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The tallit (Modern Hebrew טַלֵּית) or tallet (Sephardi Hebrew טַלֵּית), also called talles (Yiddish), is a prayer shawl "cloak" that is worn during the morning Jewish services (the Shacharit prayers) in Judaism. It has special twined and knotted "fringes" known as tzitzit attached to its four corners. The tallit is sometimes also referred to as the arba kanfot, meaning the ‘four w ...

Including:

• Tallit - Terminology
• Tallit - Historical origin
• Tallit - Kinds of tallit
• Tallit - Tallit gadol
• Tallit - Tallit katan
• Tallit - Description of tallit gadol
• Tallit - Blessings
• Tallit - When putting on a Talit Katan
• Tallit - For putting on a Tallit Gadol
• Tallit - Use
• Tallit - Obligation for men
• Tallit - Views on use by women
• Tallit - Order of putting on tallit and tefillin
• Tallit - Weddings
• Tallit - Burial

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Beth midrash (or Beit Midrash or Bais Medrash or Bais Medrish, Hebrew בית מדרש) (plural battei midrash) literally means a "House [of] Interpretation" or "House [of] Lecturing" or "House [of] Learning" in Hebrew. It may refer to a synagogue, yeshiva, or kollel, and refers specifically to the central "study hall" (and/or also to the "place of worship"), which is a place dedicated for Torah and Talmud study. It is ...

Including:

• Beth midrash - Structure
• Beth midrash - Origin
• Beth midrash - Yeshiva

Read more here: » Beth midrash: Encyclopedia - Beth midrash

Land of Israel Districts · Cities · Transportation Dead Sea · Red Sea · Sea of Galilee Mediterranean · Negev · Judea · Samaria Jerusalem · Tel Aviv · Haifa Zionism · Timeline ·Aliyah · Herzl Balfour · Mandate · 1947 UN Plan Independence · Austerity · Ma'abarot Lavon Affair · Eichmann Trial 1948 War · 1949 Armistice · Suez War Six-Day War · Attrition War Yom Kippur War · Lebanon War Peace treaties with: Egypt ...

Including:

• United Torah Judaism - Formation of the Party
• United Torah Judaism - 2004 Split
• United Torah Judaism - Hints of Reunification
• United Torah Judaism - Sources

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Who is a Jew? (Hebrew: ?מיהו יהודי) is the name of the religious, social and political debate on the exact definition of which person can be called Jewish. As Judaism shares some of the characteristics of a nation, a religion, an ethnicity, and a culture, the definition of who is a Jew may vary, depending on whether a religious, sociological, or national approach to identity is used. "Who is a Jew?" has also become a well-known rhetorical question within Judaism, referring to a cultural and religious battle to define who ...

Including:

• Who is a Jew? - Perspectives
• Who is a Jew? - Within the Jewish community
• Who is a Jew? - In liberal secular societies
• Who is a Jew? - In societies with race laws or traditions
• Who is a Jew? - In modern Israel
• Who is a Jew? - The controversy
• Who is a Jew? - Three basic disputes
• Who is a Jew? - Religious definitions
• Who is a Jew? - Traditional Halakhic perspective
• Who is a Jew? - Perspective of Reform and Reconstructionist Judaism
• Who is a Jew? - Jews who have practiced another faith
• Who is a Jew? - Conversion to Judaism
• Who is a Jew? - Definitions in the State of Israel
• Who is a Jew? - Israeli rules for aliyah creates Israelis but not Jews
• Who is a Jew? - Israeli laws governing marriage and divorce
• Who is a Jew? - Israeli definition of nationality
• Who is a Jew? - Secular Israeli views
• Who is a Jew? - Other approaches to Jewish identity
• Who is a Jew? - Anti-Semitism and the definition of Jew
• Who is a Jew? - Views of secular philosophers
• Who is a Jew? - Sociological and anthropological approaches
• Who is a Jew? - Non-religious ethnic definition
• Who is a Jew? - Half-Jewish

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Cherem (or Herem), is the highest ecclesiastical censure in the Jewish community. It is the total exclusion of a person from the Jewish community. It is a form of shunning, and is similar to excommunication in the Catholic Church. Cherem - Summary. Although developed from the Biblical ban, excommunication, as employed by the Rabbis during Talmudic times and during the Middle Ages, is really a rabbinic institution. Its object was to preserve Jewish solidarity. The legal instinct of the R ...

Including:

• Cherem - Summary
• Cherem - Since the Enlightenment
• Cherem - In the Talmud
• Cherem - The Niddui
• Cherem - The cherem
• Cherem - The Nezifah

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Posek (Hebrew פוסק; /poseq/ pl. Poskim) is the term in Jewish law for "legal decisor" - a rabbi who decides the Halakha in cases of law where previous authorities are inconclusive. This decision is known as a psak din or psak halakha (ruling of law; pl. piskei din, piskei halakha) or simply a "psak". In Hebrew, פסק is the root implying to stop or cease - here the posek brings the process of legal debate to finality. Piskei Din are ge ...

Including:

• Posek - List of recent Orthodox poskim

Read more here: » Posek: Encyclopedia - Posek

Falk is a word and name cognate with the word falcon. It may refer to: Falk Township, Minnesota, a township located in Clearwater County, Minnesota. As an English word, falk refers to a bird of the auk family Alcidae. Eduard Falk, German publicist Chayyim Samuel Jacob Falk (Ḥayyim Samuel Jacob Falk), English cabalist and mystic Jacob Joshua ben Tzebi Hirsch Falk (Jacob Joshua ben Tzebi Hirsch Falk) Rabbi Joshua Falk (Joshua ben Alexander ha-Kohen Falk

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The Vilna Gaon (April 23, 1720 – October 9, 1797) was a prominent Jewish rabbi, Talmud scholar, and Kabbalist. His real name was Elijah (Eliyahu) ben Shlomo Zalman Kremer (or Kramer), but he is commonly referred to in Hebrew as ha'Gaon ha'Chasid mi'Vilna, meaning "the saintly genius from Vilna", or in similar forms (Gaon of Vilna, Gaon mi Vilno, or Vilna Gaon), and as the Gra (a Hebrew acronym of "Gaon Rabbi Eliyahu"). Vilna Gaon - Youth and education. ...

Including:

• Vilna Gaon - Youth and education
• Vilna Gaon - Methods of study
• Vilna Gaon - Antagonism to Hasidism
• Vilna Gaon - Other work
• Vilna Gaon - Ascetism
• Vilna Gaon - Works
• Vilna Gaon - Influence

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Purim (פּוּרִים "Lots", Standard Hebrew Purim, Tiberian Hebrew Pûrîm: plural of פּוּר pûr "Lot", from Akkadian pūru) is a Jewish holiday that commemorates the deliverance of the Persian Jews from the plot of the evil Haman to exterminate them, as recorded in the biblical Book of Esther. According to that book, the feast was instituted as a national one by the book's protagonists, Mordechai and Esther. Purim is celebrated annually on the 14th of the Hebrew month of Adar. (In a ...

Including:

• Purim - Overview
• Purim - Reading of the Megillah
• Purim - Social customs
• Purim - Masquerading
• Purim - Songs
• Purim - Food
• Purim - Boisterousness in the synagogue
• Purim - Burning of Haman's effigy
• Purim - Fasting before and after Purim
• Purim - Purim Katan
• Purim - Shushan Purim
• Purim - Other Purims

Read more here: » Purim: Encyclopedia - Purim