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Shi'ites | A Wisdom Archive on Shi'ites | | Shi'ites A selection of articles related to Shi'ites | |
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Marpa Lotsawa
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ARTICLES RELATED TO Shi'ites | | | |  Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Mahdi Army - Battles for the Shiite Heartland
Mahdi Army - Uprising Begins.
Sadr's position changed dramatically, however, by the beginning of April. Following the closure of the Sadr-owned newspaper al-Hawza and the arrest of one of his senior aides, Sadr gave an unusually heated sermon to his followers on Friday, April 2, 2004. The next day, violent protests occurred throughout the Shiite south that soon spilled over into a violent uprising by Jaish-i-Mahdi militiamen, fully underway by April 4, 200 ...
See also:Mahdi Army, Mahdi Army - Early history, Mahdi Army - Battles for the Shiite Heartland, Mahdi Army - Uprising Begins, Mahdi Army - April hostilities, Mahdi Army - June truce, Mahdi Army - August 2004 hostilities, Mahdi Army - Iraqi reactions, Mahdi Army - Recent developments, Mahdi Army - Name Read more here: » Mahdi Army: Encyclopedia II - Mahdi Army - Battles for the Shiite Heartland |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Mahdi Army - Iraqi reactions
The uprising seemed to draw an ambivalent reaction from the Iraqi population, which for the most part neither joined or resisted the rebels. Many Iraqi security forces melted away, wishing to avoid confrontation. In a sign of Jaish-i-Mahdi's unpopularity in Najaf, however, which follows more traditionalist clerics, a small covert movement sprung up to launch attacks on the militants. The uprising did receive a good deal of support from the Shiites of Baghdad, however, who were galvanized by the simultaneo ...
See also:Mahdi Army, Mahdi Army - Early history, Mahdi Army - Battles for the Shiite Heartland, Mahdi Army - Uprising Begins, Mahdi Army - April hostilities, Mahdi Army - June truce, Mahdi Army - August 2004 hostilities, Mahdi Army - Iraqi reactions, Mahdi Army - Recent developments, Mahdi Army - Name Read more here: » Mahdi Army: Encyclopedia II - Mahdi Army - Iraqi reactions |
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| | |  Shi'ites: He who cast the first stone
probably didn't Shiites seek revenge on Sunnis for the revenge they sought on Shiites; Irish Catholics retaliate against the Protestants who retaliated against them; Hezbollah and Hamas retaliate against Israel who in turn retaliates back. In each of these instances, people on one side claim that they are merely responding to provocation and dismiss the other side's identical claim as disingenuous spin. But psychology research suggests that these claims reflect genuinely different perceptions of the same reality. This article, by Daniel Gilbert professor of psychology at Harvard, gives an understanding to why the conflict in the Middle East can escalate into madness without the parties themselves being aware of their own role.
Read more here: » Retaliation,
retribution and revenge: He who cast the first stone
probably didn't |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Mahdi Army - Early history The Mahdi Army began as a small group of roughly 500 seminary students connected with Moqtada al-Sadr in the Sadr City district of Baghdad, formerly known as Saddam City. The group moved in to fill the security vacuum in Sadr City and in a string of southern Iraqi cities following the fall of Baghdad to U.S-led coalition forces on April 9, 2003. The group initially dispensed aid to Iraqis and provide ...
See also:Mahdi Army, Mahdi Army - Early history, Mahdi Army - Battles for the Shiite Heartland, Mahdi Army - Uprising Begins, Mahdi Army - April hostilities, Mahdi Army - June truce, Mahdi Army - August 2004 hostilities, Mahdi Army - Iraqi reactions, Mahdi Army - Recent developments, Mahdi Army - Name Read more here: » Mahdi Army: Encyclopedia II - Mahdi Army - Early history |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Mahdi Army - Recent developments Since August the Army and al-Sadr have not challenged coalition troops on a wide scale. The coalition has made no move to arrest al-Sadr and they have not challenged the Army's de facto control over a number of areas in southern Iraq. The Army continues to provide security in a number of southern cities. The movement is believed to have infiltrated the Iraqi police forces, and to have been involved in the September arrest of two British soldiers by Iraqi police[13]. Former Prime Minister Allawi was assaulted by a mob in a town where the Mahd ...
See also:Mahdi Army, Mahdi Army - Early history, Mahdi Army - Battles for the Shiite Heartland, Mahdi Army - Uprising Begins, Mahdi Army - April hostilities, Mahdi Army - June truce, Mahdi Army - August 2004 hostilities, Mahdi Army - Iraqi reactions, Mahdi Army - Recent developments, Mahdi Army - Name Read more here: » Mahdi Army: Encyclopedia II - Mahdi Army - Recent developments |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Mahdi Army - Name The name Jaīsh al-Mah'dī has apocalyptic connotations to a Muslim's ear: in Islamic theology, the Mah'dī is an end-times figure who it is said will assist the Masīh to destroy the Dajjāl and establish a global Islamic khalifate in preparation for the Yaūm al-Qīyāma; in more familiar terms, it is believed that the Mah'dī will come to help the Messiah (i.e., Jesus, referred to in Islam as `Īsā ibn Miryam) to defeat the Antichrist (literally, al-Masīh al-Dajjāl means "the Deceiving Messiah"), before establishing a just Islamic social orde ...
See also:Mahdi Army, Mahdi Army - Early history, Mahdi Army - Battles for the Shiite Heartland, Mahdi Army - Uprising Begins, Mahdi Army - April hostilities, Mahdi Army - June truce, Mahdi Army - August 2004 hostilities, Mahdi Army - Iraqi reactions, Mahdi Army - Recent developments, Mahdi Army - Name Read more here: » Mahdi Army: Encyclopedia II - Mahdi Army - Name |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Trials of Saddam Hussein - Al-Dujail trial Iraqi authorities put Saddam and seven other former Iraqi officials on trial on October 19, 2005 four days after the October 15, 2005 referendum on the new constitution. The tribunal specifically charged the defendants with the killing of 143 Shiites from Dujail, in retaliation for the failed assassination attempt of 8 July 1982. Supporters of Saddam protested against the trial in Tikrit.See also: Trials of Saddam Hussein, Trials of Saddam Hussein - First hearing, Trials of Saddam Hussein - Pre-trial events, Trials of Saddam Hussein - Al-Dujail trial, Trials of Saddam Hussein - Criticism, Trials of Saddam Hussein - Charges, Trials of Saddam Hussein - General arrangements, Trials of Saddam Hussein - Notes and references Read more here: » Trials of Saddam Hussein: Encyclopedia II - Trials of Saddam Hussein - Al-Dujail trial |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Descendants Ali had eight wives after Fatima's death, and in all, it is said, thirty-three children. He had two sons by Fatima, Hassan and Hussein. Hasan is said to have refrained from publicly claiming the caliphate, so as to prevent further bloodshed among Muslims. Mu'awiyah I thus became caliph and established the Umayyad dynasty of caliphs. Hassan is, however, revered by most Shi'a as the second imam; his br ...
See also:Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Descendants |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Early life Ali's father, Abu Talib, was a member of the powerful tribe of the Quraysh, and an uncle to the young Muhammad. When Muhammad was orphaned and then lost his grandfather, Abu Talib took Muhammad into his house. Ali and Muhammad were thus cousins raised as brothers, with Ali in the role of a younger brother, looking up to Muhammad and ready to follow his lead.
Later when Muhammad married Khadijah, Ali went to live in Muhammad's household. When Muhammad reported that he had received a divine revelation, a claim that was initially greeted with derision, Ali, a young boy of only ten or so years, be ...
See also:Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Early life |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Ali in Medina The small community of Muslim immigrants in Medina, the Muhajirun, were at first extremely poor. They had no land, no houses, and lived on the charity of the Madinans who had converted to Islam (the Ansar). They hired themselves out for labor and raided Meccan caravans. Ali shared in all the labor and hardships of the community.
Ali first distinguished himself as a warrior in 624 CE, at the Battle of Badr. He defeated the Banu Umayyed champion Walid ibn Utba as well as many other Meccan soldiers. He was publicly praised ...
See also:Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Ali in Medina |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE Muhammad had been ailing for some time, but seemed to have recovered somewhat. He left his house to take part in prayers at the mosque, then returned to his quarters and died.
Ali had a strong claim to the leadership, both as one of Muhammad's closest assistants and as his cousin and son-in-law. But he was passed over for the leadership (see Saqifah). At first he refused to swear fealty to Abu Bakr, another prominent Muslim and Muhammad's father-in-law. In this he was followed by a significant portion of Medina's Muslim community. They were known as the Rafidis, or "Refusers", a ...
See also:Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Inheritance Shi'a Muslims believe that Ali and Fatima, as well as the wives of Muhammad had an additional cause for disaffection with Abu Bakr [2]. The new caliph argued that the Muhammad's considerable landed property had been held by the prophet in trust for the community, and was rightfully the property of the state -- despite Ali's rejoinder that Muhammad's revelations included accounts of prophetic inheritance (Qur'an 27:16, 21:89). Abu Bakr gave state pensions to Muhammad's widows, but Muhammad's blood relatives, Ali, Fatimah and Ibn Abb ...
See also:Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Inheritance |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Succession to the caliphate In 656 CE, the third caliph Uthman, was murdered in his own house, in Medina, by rebellious Muslim soldiers. Medina, now a large city and the capital of an empire stretching from Africa to Central Asia, fell into chaos. In the crisis, some Muslims turned to Ali, who had been for years a faithful and steady lieutenant of Muhammad and his successors, and urged him to seek the caliphate. Ali at first refused. He is said to have been horrified by the assassination of Uthman, and did not wish to appear to be profiting from the situation. But his supporters persevered, and A ...
See also:Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Succession to the caliphate |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Caliphate Almost the first act of his caliphate was to put down a rebellion led by Talha and az-Zubayr (two eminent companions of Muhammad), who were urged on by Aisha, Muhammad's widow. In the view of Shi'as, she was a bitter enemy of Ali, and one of the chief hindrances to his advancement to the caliphate. The rebel army was defeated at the Battle of Basra (also known as the Battle of the Camel); Talha was killed, Zubayr fled and was killed later, and Aisha was captured and escorted with all respect to Medin ...
See also:Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Caliphate |
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| | | | Shi'ites: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Death According to tradition, three Muslim zealots (purists later termed Kharijites) had agreed to assassinate Ali, Mu'awiyah and `Amr, as the authors of disastrous feuds among the faithful. The assassins sent against Mu'awiyah and `Amr failed; the only assassin who succeeded was the one who attacked Ali.
Ali suffered a mortal head wound the 19th of Ramadan while he was performing morning prayers in mosque in the city of Kufa. Some say that the sword t ...
See also:Ali, Ali - Birth, Ali - Early life, Ali - Ali in Medina, Ali - The death of Muhammad 632 CE, Ali - Inheritance, Ali - Succession to the caliphate, Ali - Caliphate, Ali - Death, Ali - Descendants, Ali - Legacy, Ali - Muslim view Read more here: » Ali: Encyclopedia II - Ali - Death |
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