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Senigallia | A Wisdom Archive on Senigallia | | Senigallia A selection of articles related to Senigallia | |
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Senigallia | |
| | |  Senigallia: Encyclopedia - Pope Alexander VIAlexander VI, (Rodrigo Borgia) (January 1, 1431 – August 18, 1503) pope (1492-1503), is the most memorable of the secular popes of the Renaissance. He was born at Xàtiva, València, Spain, and his father's surname was Lanzol or Llançol; that of his mother's family, Borgia or Borja, was assumed by him on the elevation of his maternal uncle to the papacy as Callixtus III (April 8, 1455).
Pope Alexander VI - Education and election.
He studied law at Bologna and after his uncle's election he w ...
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Read more here: » Pope Alexander VI: Encyclopedia - Pope Alexander VI |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Honorius IV - Early career Savelli studied at the University of Paris, during which time he held a prebend and a canonry at the cathedral of Châlons-sur-Marne. Later he obtained the benefice of rector at the church of Berton, in the Diocese of Norwich, in England, a nation he never visited.
In 1261 he was created Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin by Pope Urban IV, who also appointed him papal prefect in Tuscany and captain of the papal army. Cardinal Savelli pursued a diplomatic career. Pope Clement IV sent him and three other cardinals to invest Char ...
See also:Pope Honorius IV, Pope Honorius IV - Early career, Pope Honorius IV - Elected Pope, Pope Honorius IV - Sicilian Conflict, Pope Honorius IV - Rome, Pope Honorius IV - Empire, Pope Honorius IV - Other Work, Pope Honorius IV - External link Read more here: » Pope Honorius IV: Encyclopedia II - Pope Honorius IV - Early career |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Pius IX - Pius IX's papacy
Pope Pius IX - Liberalism and conservatism.
As a liberal and, somewhat aware of the political pressures within the Papal States, his first act was to announce a general amnesty for political prisoners. His nature was kind-hearted and generous so he did not consider the potential implications of the amnesty — his concessions only provoked greater demands; radical Roman groups sought constitutional government and war with Austria. He was not such a radical, and in an encyclical of November 1846 he denounced secret societies (such as Circolo Romano), the Bible associat ...
See also:Pope Pius IX, Pope Pius IX - Early life and ministry, Pope Pius IX - Papal election, Pope Pius IX - Pius IX's papacy, Pope Pius IX - Liberalism and conservatism, Pope Pius IX - Treatment of Jews, Pope Pius IX - The end of the Papal States, Pope Pius IX - Church and spirituality, Pope Pius IX - Death and beatification, Pope Pius IX - Legacy Read more here: » Pope Pius IX: Encyclopedia II - Pope Pius IX - Pius IX's papacy |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition Borgia's elevation did not at the time excite much alarm, and at first his reign was marked by a strict administration of justice and an orderly method of government in satisfactory contrast with the anarchy of the previous pontificate, as well as by great outward splendour. But it was not long before his unbridled passion for endowing his relatives at the expense of the Church and of his neighbours became manifest. For this object he was ready to commit any crime and to plunge all Italy into war. Cesare, then a youth of seventeen and a stud ...
See also:Pope Alexander VI, Pope Alexander VI - Education and election, Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition, Pope Alexander VI - French involvement, Pope Alexander VI - The French in retreat, Pope Alexander VI - Confiscations and Savonarola, Pope Alexander VI - Cesare in the North, Pope Alexander VI - Last years, Pope Alexander VI - Death and reputation, Pope Alexander VI - Mistresses and family, Pope Alexander VI - Representations in popular culture, Pope Alexander VI - Books, Pope Alexander VI - Television Read more here: » Pope Alexander VI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition Borgia's elevation did not at the time excite much alarm, and at first his reign was marked by a strict administration of justice and an orderly method of government in satisfactory contrast with the anarchy of the previous pontificate, as well as by great outward splendour. But it was not long before his unbridled passion for endowing his relatives at the expense of the Church and of his neighbours became manifest. For this object he was ready to commit any crime and to plunge all Italy into war. Alexander had four children by his mistress ...
See also:Pope Alexander VI, Pope Alexander VI - Education and election, Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition, Pope Alexander VI - French involvement, Pope Alexander VI - The French in retreat, Pope Alexander VI - Confiscations and Savonarola, Pope Alexander VI - Cesare in the North, Pope Alexander VI - Last years, Pope Alexander VI - Death and reputation, Pope Alexander VI - Mistresses and family, Pope Alexander VI - Representations in popular culture, Pope Alexander VI - Books, Pope Alexander VI - Television Read more here: » Pope Alexander VI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Honorius IV - Other Work Honorius IV inherited plans for another crusade, but confined himself to collecting the tithes imposed by the Council of Lyons, arranging with the great banking-houses of Florence, Siena, and Pistoia to act as his agents.
The two largest religious orders received many new privileges from Honorius IV, documented in his Regesta. He often appointed them to special missions and to bishoprics, and ...
See also:Pope Honorius IV, Pope Honorius IV - Early career, Pope Honorius IV - Elected Pope, Pope Honorius IV - Sicilian Conflict, Pope Honorius IV - Rome, Pope Honorius IV - Empire, Pope Honorius IV - Other Work, Pope Honorius IV - External link Read more here: » Pope Honorius IV: Encyclopedia II - Pope Honorius IV - Other Work |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Pius IX - Death and beatification Pius IX died on 7 February 1878 from natural causes. His body was originally buried in St. Peter's grotto, but was moved 13 July 1881 to the Basilica di San Lorenzo fuori le Mura. The event was almost upstaged when a mob tried to seize the body and throw it into the Tiber River.
The process for his beatification was begun on February 11, 1907, and recommenced three times. Pope John Paul II declared him venerable on July 6, 1985, and beatified him on September 3, 2000. This latter cere ...
See also:Pope Pius IX, Pope Pius IX - Early life and ministry, Pope Pius IX - Papal election, Pope Pius IX - Pius IX's papacy, Pope Pius IX - Liberalism and conservatism, Pope Pius IX - Treatment of Jews, Pope Pius IX - The end of the Papal States, Pope Pius IX - Church and spirituality, Pope Pius IX - Death and beatification, Pope Pius IX - Legacy Read more here: » Pope Pius IX: Encyclopedia II - Pope Pius IX - Death and beatification |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Honorius IV - Rome Rome and the States of the Church enjoyed a period of tranquillity during the pontificate of Honorius IV, the like of which they had not enjoyed for many years. He had the satisfaction of reducing the most powerful and obstinate enemy of papal authority, Count Guido of Montefeltro, who for many years had successfully resisted the papal troops. The authority of the pope was now recognized throughout the papal territory, which then comprised the Exarchate of Ravenna, the March of Ancona, the Duchy of Spoleto, the County of Bertinoro, the Mathi ...
See also:Pope Honorius IV, Pope Honorius IV - Early career, Pope Honorius IV - Elected Pope, Pope Honorius IV - Sicilian Conflict, Pope Honorius IV - Rome, Pope Honorius IV - Empire, Pope Honorius IV - Other Work, Pope Honorius IV - External link Read more here: » Pope Honorius IV: Encyclopedia II - Pope Honorius IV - Rome |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Honorius IV - Sicilian Conflict Sicilian affairs required immediate attention. Previously, under Martin IV, the Sicilians had rejected the rule of Charles of Anjou, taking Pedro III of Aragon as their king without the consent and approval of the pope.
The massacre of 31 March 1282, known as the Sicilian Vespers, had precluded any reconciliation; Martin put Sicily and Pedro III under an interdict, deprived Pedro of the Kingdom of Aragon, and gave it to Charles of Valois, the younger of the sons of King Philip III of France whom he assisted in his attempts to recover ...
See also:Pope Honorius IV, Pope Honorius IV - Early career, Pope Honorius IV - Elected Pope, Pope Honorius IV - Sicilian Conflict, Pope Honorius IV - Rome, Pope Honorius IV - Empire, Pope Honorius IV - Other Work, Pope Honorius IV - External link Read more here: » Pope Honorius IV: Encyclopedia II - Pope Honorius IV - Sicilian Conflict |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Pius IX - Papal election
The conclave of 1846, following the death of Pope Gregory XVI, was one which took place during an unsettled political climate in Italy. Because of this, many foreign cardinals decided not to attend the conclave. At its start, only 46 out of 62 cardinals were present.
Moreover, the conclave of 1846 was steeped in a factional division between conservatives and liberals. The conservatives supported Cardinal Luigi Lambruschini, Gregory XVI's secretary of state. Liberals supported two candidates: Cardinal Gizzi and the 54 year-old C ...
See also:Pope Pius IX, Pope Pius IX - Early life and ministry, Pope Pius IX - Papal election, Pope Pius IX - Pius IX's papacy, Pope Pius IX - Liberalism and conservatism, Pope Pius IX - Treatment of Jews, Pope Pius IX - The end of the Papal States, Pope Pius IX - Church and spirituality, Pope Pius IX - Death and beatification, Pope Pius IX - Legacy Read more here: » Pope Pius IX: Encyclopedia II - Pope Pius IX - Papal election |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Confiscations and Savonarola Violent and revengeful, he now became the most powerful man in Rome, and even his father quailed before him. As he needed funds to carry out his various schemes, the pope began a series of confiscations, of which one of the victims was his own secretary, in order to enrich him. The process was a simple one: any cardinal, nobleman or official who was known to be rich would be accused of some offence; imprisonment and perhaps murder followed at once, and then the confiscation of his property. The disorganization of the Curia was appalling, the ...
See also:Pope Alexander VI, Pope Alexander VI - Education and election, Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition, Pope Alexander VI - French involvement, Pope Alexander VI - The French in retreat, Pope Alexander VI - Confiscations and Savonarola, Pope Alexander VI - Cesare in the North, Pope Alexander VI - Last years, Pope Alexander VI - Death and reputation, Pope Alexander VI - Mistresses and family, Pope Alexander VI - Representations in popular culture, Pope Alexander VI - Books, Pope Alexander VI - Television Read more here: » Pope Alexander VI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Confiscations and Savonarola |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - The French in retreat But a reaction against Charles soon set in, for all the powers were alarmed at his success, and on the 31st of March a league between the pope, the emperor, Venice, Lodovico il Moro and Ferdinand of Spain was formed, ostensibly against the Turks, but in reality to expel the French from Italy. Charles had himself crowned king of Naples on the 12th of May, but a few days later began his retreat northward. He encountered the allies at the Battle of Fornovo, and after a drawn fight cut his way through them and was back in France by November; Fer ...
See also:Pope Alexander VI, Pope Alexander VI - Education and election, Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition, Pope Alexander VI - French involvement, Pope Alexander VI - The French in retreat, Pope Alexander VI - Confiscations and Savonarola, Pope Alexander VI - Cesare in the North, Pope Alexander VI - Last years, Pope Alexander VI - Death and reputation, Pope Alexander VI - Mistresses and family, Pope Alexander VI - Representations in popular culture, Pope Alexander VI - Books, Pope Alexander VI - Television Read more here: » Pope Alexander VI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - The French in retreat |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - French involvement Alexander made many alliances to secure his position, but fearing himself isolated he sought help from Charles VIII of France. As the king of Naples threatened to come to the aid of Gian Galeazzo, who had married the Pope's granddaughter, Alexander encouraged the French king in his schemes for the conquest of Naples. Alexander carried on a double policy, always ready to seize opportunities to aggrandize his family. But through the intervention of the Spanish ambassador he made peace with Naples in July 1493 and also with the Orsini; the peac ...
See also:Pope Alexander VI, Pope Alexander VI - Education and election, Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition, Pope Alexander VI - French involvement, Pope Alexander VI - The French in retreat, Pope Alexander VI - Confiscations and Savonarola, Pope Alexander VI - Cesare in the North, Pope Alexander VI - Last years, Pope Alexander VI - Death and reputation, Pope Alexander VI - Mistresses and family, Pope Alexander VI - Representations in popular culture, Pope Alexander VI - Books, Pope Alexander VI - Television Read more here: » Pope Alexander VI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - French involvement |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Cesare in the North This year was a jubilee year, and crowds of pilgrims flocked to the city from all parts of the world bringing money for the purchase of indulgences, so that Alexander was able to furnish Cesare with funds for his enterprise. In the north the pendulum swung back once more and the French reoccupied Milan in April, causing the downfall of the Sforzas, much to Alexander's gratification. But there was no end to the Vatican tragedies, and in July the duke of Bisceglie, whose existence was no longer advantageous, was murdered by Cesare's orders; th ...
See also:Pope Alexander VI, Pope Alexander VI - Education and election, Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition, Pope Alexander VI - French involvement, Pope Alexander VI - The French in retreat, Pope Alexander VI - Confiscations and Savonarola, Pope Alexander VI - Cesare in the North, Pope Alexander VI - Last years, Pope Alexander VI - Death and reputation, Pope Alexander VI - Mistresses and family, Pope Alexander VI - Representations in popular culture, Pope Alexander VI - Books, Pope Alexander VI - Television Read more here: » Pope Alexander VI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Cesare in the North |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Last years But a promise of French help at once forced the confederates to come to terms, and Cesare by an act of treachery seized the ringleaders at Senigallia, and put Oliverotto da Fermo and Vitellozzo Vitelli to death (December 31, 1502). As soon as Alexander heard the news he decoyed Cardinal Orsini to the Vatican and cast him into a dungeon, where he died. His goods were confiscated, his aged mother turned into the street and numbers of other members of the clan in Rome were arrested, while Giuffre Borgia led an expedition into the Campagna and s ...
See also:Pope Alexander VI, Pope Alexander VI - Education and election, Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition, Pope Alexander VI - French involvement, Pope Alexander VI - The French in retreat, Pope Alexander VI - Confiscations and Savonarola, Pope Alexander VI - Cesare in the North, Pope Alexander VI - Last years, Pope Alexander VI - Death and reputation, Pope Alexander VI - Mistresses and family, Pope Alexander VI - Representations in popular culture, Pope Alexander VI - Books, Pope Alexander VI - Television Read more here: » Pope Alexander VI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Last years |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Representations in popular culture
Pope Alexander VI - Books.
Alexander VI and his family are the subjects of Mario Puzo's final novel The Family.
Pope Alexander VI - Television.
The papacy of Alexander VI was dramatized in the 1981 BBC series The Borgias, starring the veteran Italian actor Adolfo Celi as Pope Alexander.
The Canadian sketch comedy History Bites ...
See also:Pope Alexander VI, Pope Alexander VI - Education and election, Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition, Pope Alexander VI - French involvement, Pope Alexander VI - The French in retreat, Pope Alexander VI - Confiscations and Savonarola, Pope Alexander VI - Cesare in the North, Pope Alexander VI - Last years, Pope Alexander VI - Death and reputation, Pope Alexander VI - Mistresses and family, Pope Alexander VI - Representations in popular culture, Pope Alexander VI - Books, Pope Alexander VI - Television Read more here: » Pope Alexander VI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Representations in popular culture |
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| | | | Senigallia: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Death and reputation On the 18th of August Alexander died at the age of 72. His death was followed by scenes of wild disorder, and Cesare, being himself ill, could not attend to business, but sent Don Michelotto, his chief bravo, to seize the pope's treasures before the demise was publicly announced. When the body was exhibited to the people the next day it was in a shocking state of decomposition, which of course strengthened the suspicion of poison. At the funeral a brawl occurred between the soldiers and the priests, and the coffin having been made too ...
See also:Pope Alexander VI, Pope Alexander VI - Education and election, Pope Alexander VI - Nepotism and opposition, Pope Alexander VI - French involvement, Pope Alexander VI - The French in retreat, Pope Alexander VI - Confiscations and Savonarola, Pope Alexander VI - Cesare in the North, Pope Alexander VI - Last years, Pope Alexander VI - Death and reputation, Pope Alexander VI - Mistresses and family, Pope Alexander VI - Representations in popular culture, Pope Alexander VI - Books, Pope Alexander VI - Television Read more here: » Pope Alexander VI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Alexander VI - Death and reputation |
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