Hannibal anticipated that a consular army would move along the coast towards Hispania, and so took a combined army of 40,000 North Africans and Iberians across southern France by an inland route and crossed the Alps over the winter. His invasion of Italia came as a surprise to the Romans, for he had constructed no fleet, and it was believed his army could not possibly make it through the mountains. Indeed, it sustained very heavy casualties, including all but three of his 37 war elephants. Nevertheless, that spring he came into Northe ...

See also:

Second Punic War, Second Punic War - Background, Second Punic War - The war in Italy, Second Punic War - The war in Hispania, Second Punic War - The attack on Carthage, Second Punic War - Results, Second Punic War - List of battles

Read more here: » Second Punic War: Encyclopedia II - Second Punic War - The war in Italy

See also:

Second Punic War, Second Punic War - Background, Second Punic War - The war in Italy, Second Punic War - The war in Hispania, Second Punic War - The attack on Carthage, Second Punic War - Results, Second Punic War - List of battles

Read more here: » Second Punic War: Encyclopedia II - Second Punic War - Results

While all this was happening, the Romans had carried the war into Hispania. Over the years Rome had gradually expanded along the coast until in 211 BC it captured Saguntum. This prevented Hasdrubal from sending his brother any aid and also diverted Carthaginian reinforcements away from Italia. That same year Rome recaptured Capua and Syracuse, the second falling after what was now a two-year siege, made famous by the defense engines made by Archimedes, who was killed in the sack of the city. However, Hasdrubal was able to defeat the Romans i ...

See also:

Second Punic War, Second Punic War - Background, Second Punic War - The war in Italy, Second Punic War - The war in Hispania, Second Punic War - The attack on Carthage, Second Punic War - Results, Second Punic War - List of battles

Read more here: » Second Punic War: Encyclopedia II - Second Punic War - The war in Hispania

Carthage (from the Phoenician Qart-Hadasht "New City" (written without vowels as QRT HDŠT قرت-حدش or קרת חדשת), was an ancient city in North Africa located on the eastern side of Lake Tunis, across from the center of modern Tunis in Tunisia. It remains a popular tourist attraction. Carthage - Founding of Carthage. In approximately 814 BC, Carthage was founded by Phoenician settlers from the city of Tyre, bringing with them the city-god Melqart. Traditionally, the city was founded ...

Including:

• Carthage - Founding of Carthage
• Carthage - Life in Carthage
• Carthage - Carthaginian Commerce
• Carthage - Carthaginian Government
• Carthage - Carthaginian Religious Practices
• Carthage - Conflict with the Greeks and Romans
• Carthage - First Sicilian War
• Carthage - Second Sicilian War
• Carthage - Third Sicilian War
• Carthage - Pyrrhus of Epirus
• Carthage - The Messanan Crisis
• Carthage - The Punic Wars
• Carthage - Roman Carthage
• Carthage - Carthage in fiction

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Cabiria is a classic silent movie from the early years of Italy's movie industry, directed by Giovanni Pastrone. It was released in 1914. The movie is based very loosely on Gustave Flaubert's exotic novel Salambo. Set in ancient Carthage during the period of the Second Punic War, it treats the conflict between Rome and Carthage through the eyes of Cabiria, the title character, who is kidnapped by pirates, sold as a slave ...

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The Battle of Zama, generally accepted to have been fought on or around October 19 of 202 BC, was the final and decisive battle of the Second Punic War. A Roman army led by Publius Cornelius Scipio defeated a Carthaginian force led by the great Hannibal Barca. Soon after this defeat on their home ground, the Carthaginian senate sued for peace, ending the 17-year war. Battle of Zama - Prelude. Despite nearly two decades of constant war, much of it on Italian soil, the Romans still sustained the presence of t ...

Including:

• Battle of Zama - Prelude
• Battle of Zama - Battle
• Battle of Zama - Aftermath

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The claw of Archimedes was a war machine devised by Archimedes to defend the seaward portion of Syracuse's city wall against amphibious assault. Although its exact nature is unclear, the accounts of ancient historians seem to describe it as a sort of crane equipped with a grappling hook that was able to lift attacking ships partly out of the water, then either cause the ship to capsize or suddenly drop it. These machines featured prominently during the Second Punic War in 213 BC, when the Roman Republic attacked Syracuse with a ...

Including:

• Claw of Archimedes - External link

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC - 210s BC - 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC Years: 224 BC 223 BC 222 BC 221 BC 220 BC - 219 BC - 218 BC 217 BC 216 BC 215 BC 214 BC Events Second Illyrian War: provoked by King Scerdilaidas, Rome launched a punitive expedition, which smashed the Illyrians Second Punic War: Hannibal conquers the Greek colony of Saguntum, an ally of Rome, thus provoked Rome to declare war on Carthage

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212 BC - Events. Second Punic War: In the First Battle of Capua, Hannibal defeats the consuls Quintus Fulvius Flaccus and Appius Claudius, but the Roman army escapes, and soon reestablished the siege once again. Hannibal destroys the army of the Roman praetor Marcus Centenius Penula in the battle of the Silarus, then destroys the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius in the First battle of Herdonia, both Roman generals were killed. The Romans take Syracuse, in which Archimedes ...

Including:

• 212 BC - Events
• 212 BC - Births
• 212 BC - Deaths

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208 BC - Events. Second Punic War: Scipio Africanus Major defeats Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal Barca in Spain at the Battle of Baecula. As a result, Hasdrubal crosses the Pyrenees with his remaining troops into Transalpine Gaul, intending to join Hannibal in Italy. Marcus Claudius Marcellus was killed in an ambush. Chinese general Zhang Han of the Qin Dynasty pacifies a peasant rebellion led by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, then lays siege to the rebel city of Julu. Including:

• 208 BC - Events
• 208 BC - Births
• 208 BC - Deaths

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The Battle of Lake Trasimene (June 24, 217 BC, April on the Julian calendar) was a Roman defeat in the Second Punic War between the Carthaginians under Hannibal and the Romans under the consul Gaius Flaminius. After the battles of Ticinus and Trebia, Flaminius' army turned south to prepare a defense near Rome itself. Hannibal immediately set out to follow, but marched faster and soon passed the Roman army. Flaminius was forced to increase the speed of his march in order to bring Hannibal to battle before reaching the city. Another force under Servilius was due to join Flam ...

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The Battle of Cannae, August 2, 216 BC, was a significant battle of the Second Punic War. Although the Carthaginian army under Hannibal destroyed a numerically superior Roman army under the consuls Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Terentius Varro near the town of Cannae in Apulia (SE Italy), it failed to decide the outcome of the war in the favour of Carthage. The battle is famous for Hannibal's tactics as much as for the role it played in Roman history. Battle of Cannae - Prelude. At the start of the Seco ...

Including:

• Battle of Cannae - Prelude
• Battle of Cannae - Battle
• Battle of Cannae - Aftermath

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC - 200s BC - 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC Years: 210 BC 209 BC 208 BC 207 BC 206 BC - 205 BC - 204 BC 203 BC 202 BC 201 BC 200 BC Events Second Punic War: Carthaginians under Mago land in Liguria, capturing Genoa and Savona. Scipio Africanus Major is elected consul, and departs to Sicily to prepare the invasion of Africa Quintus Pleminiu ...

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC - 210s BC - 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC Years: 215 BC 214 BC 213 BC 212 BC 211 BC - 210 BC - 209 BC 208 BC 207 BC 206 BC 205 BC Events Second Punic War: Hannibal destroys a Roman army under the command of Fulvius Centumalus in the Second Battle of Herdoinia, Centumalus was killed. Hannibal defeats Marcus Claudius Marcellus once more in the Batt ...

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC - 200s BC - 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC Years: 208 BC 207 BC 206 BC 205 BC 204 BC - 203 BC - 202 BC 201 BC 200 BC 199 BC 198 BC Events Second Punic War: Scipio's surprise night attack destroyed the first Carthaginian army under Hasdrubal Gisco and Syphax The Romans under Scipio again defeat the second Carthaginian army of Hasdrubal Gisco and Sy ...

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC - 200s BC - 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC Years: 206 BC 205 BC 204 BC 203 BC 202 BC - 201 BC - 200 BC 199 BC 198 BC 197 BC 196 BC Events Philip V of Macedon is defeated at sea by the Egyptians, Rhodians, and Pergamese in the Battle of Chios. In Rome, according to Livy, land was distributed to veterans of the Second Punic War, in the first instance of a practice that later became commonplace. Construction of Nanchang started.

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War reparations refer to the monetary compensation provided to a triumphant nation or coalition from a defeated nation or coalition. The compensation is meant to cover damage or injury during a war. Generally, the term war reparations refers to money or goods changing hands, rather than such property transfers as the annexation of land. War reparations - History. Rome imposed large indemnities on Carthage after the First and Second Punic Wars. Post-Thirty Years' War The 'unequ ...

Including:

• War reparations - History
• War reparations - Criticisms
• War reparations - Recent war reparations
• War reparations - Reference

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC - 210s BC - 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC Years: 220 BC 219 BC 218 BC 217 BC 216 BC - 215 BC - 214 BC 213 BC 212 BC 211 BC 210 BC Events April 23 - A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasum. Second Punic War: Marcus Claudius Marcellus again repulses an attack by Hannibal in the Secon ...

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC - 210s BC - 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC Years: 223 BC 222 BC 221 BC 220 BC 219 BC - 218 BC - 217 BC 216 BC 215 BC 214 BC 213 BC 218 BC - Events. Second Punic War Melita (Malta) is incorporated into the Roman Republic. October, Hannibal crosses the Alps and invades Italy. In November, Hannibal defeats the Romans under Pub ...

Including:

• 218 BC - Events

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC - 200s BC - 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC Years: 211 BC 210 BC 209 BC 208 BC 207 BC - 206 BC - 205 BC 204 BC 203 BC 202 BC 201 BC Events Second Punic War: Scipio Africanus Major destroyed the combined Carthaginian army of Mago Barca and Hasdrubal Gisco in the Battle of Ilipa, thus ending Carthaginian hold in Spain. Mago evacuates the remaining Ca ...

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