Scots language

Lallans is also used to refer to the Scots language (sometimes called Lowland Scots). It was used by both Robert Burns and Robert Louis Stevenson in this way. They took nae pains their speech to balance, Or rules to gie; But spak their thoughts in plain, braid lallans, Like you or me. —Robert Burns in Epistle To William Simson "What tongue does your auld bookie speak?" He'll spier; an' I, his mou to steik : ...

See also:

Lallans, Lallans - Scots language, Lallans - Synthetic Scots, Lallans - Magazine

Read more here: » Lallans: Encyclopedia II - Lallans - Scots language

Many writers now strictly avoid apostrophes where they supposedly represent "missing" English letters. Such letters were never actually missing in Scots. For example, in the twelfth century, Barbour spelt the Scots cognate of 'taken' as tane. Since there has been no k in the word for over 700 years, representing its omission with an apostrophe seems pointless. The current spelling is usually taen. The following is more a guide for readers. How the spellings are applied in practice is beyond the scope of such a short description. Phonetics are in IPA. See also:

Scots language, Scots language - Origin of the term Scots, Scots language - Origins, Scots language - Status, Scots language - Language Change, Scots language - Literature, Scots language - Dialects, Scots language - Pronunciation, Scots language - Consonants, Scots language - Silent letters, Scots language - Vowels, Scots language - Suffixes, Scots language - Some grammar features, Scots language - The definite article, Scots language - Nouns, Scots language - Diminutives, Scots language - Modal verbs, Scots language - Present tense of verbs, Scots language - Past tense of verbs, Scots language - Word order, Scots language - Ordinal numbers, Scots language - Adverbs, Scots language - Subordinate clauses, Scots language - Negation, Scots language - Relative pronoun

Read more here: » Scots language: Encyclopedia II - Scots language - Pronunciation

Many writers now strictly avoid apostrophes where they supposedly represent "missing" English letters. Such letters were never actually missing in Scots. For example, in the twelfth century, Barbour spelt the Scots cognate of 'taken' as tane. Since there has been no k in the word for over 700 years, representing its omission with an apostrophe seems pointless. The current spelling is usually taen. The following is more a guide for readers. How the spellings are applied in practice is beyond the scope of such a short description. Phonetics are in IPA. See also:

Scots language, Scots language - Origin of the term Scots, Scots language - Origins, Scots language - Status, Scots language - Language change, Scots language - Literature, Scots language - Dialects, Scots language - Pronunciation, Scots language - Consonants, Scots language - Silent letters, Scots language - Vowels, Scots language - Suffixes, Scots language - Some grammar features, Scots language - The definite article, Scots language - Nouns, Scots language - Diminutives, Scots language - Modal verbs, Scots language - Present tense of verbs, Scots language - Past tense of verbs, Scots language - Word order, Scots language - Ordinal numbers, Scots language - Adverbs, Scots language - Subordinate clauses, Scots language - Negation, Scots language - Relative pronoun

Read more here: » Scots language: Encyclopedia II - Scots language - Pronunciation

General items are outwith, meaning outside of; pinkie for little finger; doubt meaning to think or suspect; and wee, the Scots word for small. Correct is often preferred to right meaning morally right or just, as opposed to just factually accurate. Culturally specific items like caber, haggis, and landward for rural. There is a wide range of (often anglicised) legal and administrative vocabulary inherited from Scots. depute See also:

Scottish English, Scottish English - Background, Scottish English - Lexis, Scottish English - Phonology, Scottish English - Syntax

Read more here: » Scottish English: Encyclopedia II - Scottish English - Lexis

The adjective or noun Scotch is an Early Modern English (16th century) contraction of the English language word Scottish which was later adopted into the Scots language. It more or less replaced Scottish as the prevailing term in England. Scots (the modern Scots language form of Older Scots Scottis1) predominated in Scotland until the 18th century when anglification became fashionable and ...

See also:

Scotch, Scotch - Scotch Scottish or Scots?, Scotch - Other meanings, Scotch - Footnote

Read more here: » Scotch: Encyclopedia II - Scotch - Scotch Scottish or Scots?

A Red, Red Rose is a 1794 song in Scots by Robert Burns based on traditional sources. The song is also referred to by the title My Love is Like A Red, Red Rose or Red, Red Rose and is often published as a poem. A Red, Red Rose - The Full Text of My Love is Like A Red, Red Rose. O, my luve's like a red, red rose That's newly sprung in June O, my luve's like the melodie That's sweetly play'd in tune As fair art thou, my bonie las ...

Including:

• A Red, Red Rose - The Full Text of My Love is Like A Red, Red Rose
• A Red, Red Rose - Origins of the song
• A Red, Red Rose - Musical performances
• A Red, Red Rose - Footnotes
• A Red, Red Rose - Bibliography

Read more here: » A Red, Red Rose: Encyclopedia - A Red, Red Rose

Click to hear an example of a Scottish male with a middle-class Renfrewshire accent Pronunciation features vary among speakers, and there are social and regional differences (Wells 1982): It is a rhotic accent, with r still pronounced before consonants or silence. It may be [r] (an alveolar trill), though more commonly a alveolar tap [ɾ] and especially post-alveolar approximant See also:

Scottish English, Scottish English - Background, Scottish English - Lexis, Scottish English - Phonology, Scottish English - Syntax

Read more here: » Scottish English: Encyclopedia II - Scottish English - Phonology

The British Isles is a term traditionally given to the group of islands off the northwest coast of Europe including Great Britain (containing England, Scotland, and Wales), Ireland, and several thousand smaller adjacent islands. The name was extensively used historically, derived from when the island of Great Britain was called Britannias, and Ireland and the other islands near Great Britain were called Britanniae (the Latin genitive case meaning of Britannias.) In 1922 most of the island of Ireland ceased to be i ...

Including:

• British Isles - List of the British Isles
• British Isles - Origin of the term British Isles
• British Isles - Classical geographers
• British Isles - Native sources
• British Isles - Renaissance mapmakers
• British Isles - Modern historians
• British Isles - Subsequent political history
• British Isles - Problems with modern usage
• British Isles - Alternative terms
• British Isles - Footnotes

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This article outlines the differences between American English, the form of the English language spoken in the United States, and Commonwealth English (often called British English). For the purposes of this article: American English is the form of English used by people in the United States and, as a lingua franca or second language, by people in many parts of the world. American English does not include Canadian English; although Canadian pronunciation and vocabulary is very similar to that o ...

Including:

• American and British English differences - Pronunciation
• American and British English differences - Grammar
• American and British English differences - Singular and plural for nouns
• American and British English differences - Use of tenses
• American and British English differences - Verb morphology
• American and British English differences - Presence or absence of syntactic elements
• American and British English differences - Different prepositions in certain contexts
• American and British English differences - Miscellaneous grammatical differences
• American and British English differences - Word derivation and compounds
• American and British English differences - Lexis
• American and British English differences - General trends
• American and British English differences - Words used only in British English
• American and British English differences - Words used only in American English
• American and British English differences - Words with differing meanings
• American and British English differences - Words which have become archaic in one dialect
• American and British English differences - Numbers
• American and British English differences - Levels of buildings
• American and British English differences - Figures of speech
• American and British English differences - Business
• American and British English differences - Education
• American and British English differences - Transport
• American and British English differences - Greetings
• American and British English differences - Writing
• American and British English differences - Spelling
• American and British English differences - Punctuation
• American and British English differences - Titles and headlines
• American and British English differences - Dates
• American and British English differences - Keyboards
• American and British English differences - Other varieties
• American and British English differences - Other linguistic topics

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Anglicisation (CwE) or Anglicization (NAE and CwE) is a process of making something English. For example, people may be Anglicised: an immigrant to England may be said to become Anglicised as he or she acclimates to the culture. However, Anglicisation is most commonly discussed in the more abstract context of language: language is said to become Anglicised as it becomes more like the English language. Anglicisation - Anglicisation in language. There are two primary types of Angli ...

Including:

• Anglicisation - Anglicisation in language
• Anglicisation - Anglicisation in English
• Anglicisation - Anglicisation of other languages

Read more here: » Anglicisation: Encyclopedia - Anglicisation

A Red, Red Rose is a 1794 song in Scots by Robert Burns based on traditional sources. The song is also referred to by the title My Love is Like A Red, Red Rose or Red, Red Rose and is often published as a poem. A Red Red Rose - The Full Text of My Love is Like A Red Red Rose. O, my luve's like a red, red rose That's newly sprung in June O, my luve's like the melodie That's sweetly play'd in tune As fair art thou, my bonie lass< ...

Including:

• A Red Red Rose - The Full Text of My Love is Like A Red Red Rose
• A Red Red Rose - Origins of the song
• A Red Red Rose - Musical performances
• A Red Red Rose - Footnotes
• A Red Red Rose - Bibliography

Read more here: » A Red Red Rose: Encyclopedia - A Red Red Rose

Auld Lang Syne (Eng: times gone by), by Robert Burns, is one of the best known songs in English-speaking countries. Yet, perhaps because it was originally written in the Scots language, often people can recall the melody easily but know only a fraction of the words. It is usually sung each year on New Year's Day (Hogmanay in Scotland) in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, New Zealand and English speaking Canada at midnight and signifies the start of a new year. It is also used as a graduation song a ...

Including:

• Auld Lang Syne - Lyrics
• Auld Lang Syne - History
• Auld Lang Syne - Other uses

Read more here: » Auld Lang Syne: Encyclopedia - Auld Lang Syne

1. In common with the rest of the UK. 2. No official anthem. God Save the Queen is traditionally the UK national anthem. See national symbols below. Scotland (Alba in Gaelic) is a nation in northwest Europe and a constituent country of the United Kingdom. The country occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain and shares a land border to the south with England and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the ...

Including:

• Scotland - Etymology
• Scotland - History
• Scotland - Politics
• Scotland - Law
• Scotland - Subdivisions
• Scotland - Geography
• Scotland - Climate
• Scotland - Economy
• Scotland - Demographics
• Scotland - Language
• Scotland - Religion
• Scotland - Education
• Scotland - Culture
• Scotland - Music
• Scotland - Literature
• Scotland - Sport
• Scotland - Media
• Scotland - National symbols
• Scotland - Gallery of Images

Read more here: » Scotland: Encyclopedia - Scotland

Cutty sark is 18th century Scots for "short shirt": cutty (a cognate of the English language word cut) is "short, stumpy"; sark (from Old English serce "shirt") is a chemise, undergarment or nightshirt. Hyphenated, Cutty-sark was a nickname for a fictional character invented by Robert Burns, and from there has become part of an idiom in colloquial English, especially the Scottish English dialect. In Burns' poem Tam O' Shanter, the drunken Tam happens upon a witches' ceilidh. Among the dancing ...

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Robert Burns (January 25, 1759 – July 21, 1796) was a pioneer of the Romantic movement and after his death became an important source of inspiration to the founders of both liberalism and socialism. He is widely regarded as the national poet of Scotland, and is the best known of the poets who have written in the Scots language, although much of his writing is also in English and in a "light" Scots dialect which would have been accessable to a wider audience than simply Scottish people. At various times in his career, he wrote in Eng ...

Including:

• Robert Burns - Biography
• Robert Burns - Poems Chiefly in the Scottish dialect
• Robert Burns - The Scots Musical Museum
• Robert Burns - Burns' Works and Influence
• Robert Burns - Honours

Read more here: » Robert Burns: Encyclopedia - Robert Burns

"Ulster-Scots" is a term used to refer to the people descended from Presbyterians of Scotland who live in Ulster, Ireland. "Scotch-Irish" is the usual term in the United States; "Scots-Irish" is also used to refer to the same people, and is not to be confused with Irish-Scots, i.e. Irish immigrants to Scotland. They are largely descendant from the Northumbrians of the the Scottish Borders Country, and the Brythonic-speaking Britons of the Scottish Lowlands. The migration of Scots to Ulster occurred mainly during t ...

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In the United States and Canada, a cookie is a small, flat baked cake (Commonwealth English biscuit). Cookie - Origin of name. Its name derives from the Dutch word koekje which means little cake, and arrived in the English language via the Scots language, rather than directly from the Dutch. In Scottish English the word denotes a small scone-like cake or bun, often filled with cream. The word cookie in English English is used mainly to identify American-style biscuits such ...

Including:

• Cookie - Origin of name
• Cookie - Recipe
• Cookie - Types of cookies

Read more here: » Cookie: Encyclopedia - Cookie

Vernacular literature is literature written in the vernacular - the speech of the "common people". In the European tradition, this effectively means literature not written in Latin. In this context, vernacular literature appeared during the Middle Ages; among the earliest European vernacular literature include Irish literature, Anglo-Saxon literature and Gothic literature. The Italian poet Dante Alighieri, in his De vulgari eloquentia, was possibly the first European writer to argue cogently for the promotion of l ...

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Phonological history of English consonants - H-cluster reductions. Glide cluster reductions The wine-whine merger is a merger by which the sound /ʍ/ or sequence /hw/ (spelt wh) becomes [w]. The yew-hew merger is a process that causes the cluster /hj/ to be reduced to /j/. The hl-cluster, hr-cluster and ...

Including:

• Phonological history of English consonants - Consonant cluster reductions
• Phonological history of English consonants - H-cluster reductions
• Phonological history of English consonants - Y-cluster reductions
• Phonological history of English consonants - Other initial cluster reductions
• Phonological history of English consonants - Final cluster reductions
• Phonological history of English consonants - Phonological history of NG
• Phonological history of English consonants - NG coalescence
• Phonological history of English consonants - G-dropping
• Phonological history of English consonants - H-dropping and h-adding
• Phonological history of English consonants - H-dropping
• Phonological history of English consonants - H-adding
• Phonological history of English consonants - Elimination of velar fricatives in English
• Phonological history of English consonants - Taut-taught merger
• Phonological history of English consonants - Wait-weight merger
• Phonological history of English consonants - Lock-loch merger
• Phonological history of English consonants - Elimination of dental fricatives in English dialects
• Phonological history of English consonants - TH fronting
• Phonological history of English consonants - TH stopping
• Phonological history of English consonants - Vent-went merger
• Phonological history of English consonants - Initial fricative voicing

Read more here: » Phonological history of English consonants: Encyclopedia - Phonological history of English consonants

In Scotland, and to some extent in North East England, burn is a name for a stream which is less than a river. Burn stream - Etymology. The name originally came from Northumbrian (Old English or Ynglis) into the Scots language, Scottish English and Geordie. Also, in Scotland, larger streams may be called water rather than stream or river. ...

Including:

• Burn stream - Etymology

Read more here: » Burn stream: Encyclopedia - Burn stream